Transcript Topic: The Endocrine System

Topic: The Endocrine System
AIM: What is the function of the Endocrine
System?
Do Now: What is the function of the
autonomic nervous system?
What is the Endocrine System?
• System of glands that release chemical
messengers called HORMONES
What are hormones?
• Chemical messengers
• Regulate body functions and
cycles
• Hormones travel in the
bloodstream
• They can speed up or slow down
certain body activities
Topic: The Endocrine System
AIM: What are endocrine glands?
Do Now: How do hormones get around the
body?
Topic: The Endocrine System
AIM: What are endocrine glands?
Do Now: Take your quiz.
What glands are part of the
endocrine system?
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Pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid glands
Thymus
Adrenal glands
Islets of Langerhans
Testes/Ovaries
What is the Pituitary Gland?
• Size of a pea
• Located in the brain, behind the nose
• Known as the “master gland” because it
controls other endocrine glands with
hormones
What is the Hypothalamus?
• Tiny gland located at the base of the
brain
• Major link between nervous and
endocrine systems
• Produces hormones that help turn
all other endocrine glands on or off
The Pituitary & Hypothalamus
What is the Thyroid Gland?
• Found in the neck, just below the
larynx
• Secretes a hormone that controls
metabolism
What are the Parathyroid Glands?
• There are FOUR parathyroid glands, which
are embedded in the thyroid gland
• Release a hormone that controls the amount
of calcium in the blood and body
What is the Thymus?
• Located behind the breastbone
• Larger in infants, and shrinks as you get
older
• Secretes a hormone that is
responsible for
development and immunity
Topic: The Endocrine System
AIM: What is negative feedback?
Do Now: Where can you find the pituitary
and hypothalamus? What does the thyroid
regulate?
What are the Adrenal Glands?
• Located on top of each kidney
• Produce a hormone called
ADRENALINE at times of stress
• Adrenaline increases breathing rate,
heart rate, and blood pressure
Topic: The Endocrine System
AIM: What is negative feedback?
Do Now: Explain how adrenaline affects the
body?
What are the Islets of
Langerhans?
• Group of cells located on the pancreas
• Produce two hormones:
– Insulin – lowers blood sugar levels
– Glucagon – raises blood sugar levels
• Together, insulin and glucagon level the
amount of sugar in the blood
What are the Ovaries and Testes?
• Ovaries – female sex • Testes – male sex
gland that controls
gland that controls
female secondary
male secondary sex
sex characteristics
characteristics
• Secrete 2 hormones • Secrete a hormone
called estrogen &
called testosterone
progesterone
What is Negative Feedback?
• Mechanism that controls the release
of hormones in the body
• Works like a thermostat
• A hormone can cause the release or
stop the release of another hormone
• Ex: insulin and glucagon
How are the nervous and
endocrine systems related?
• Nervous system detects stimuli
• Glands of the endocrine system are
effectors
• Glands release hormones which cause
responses to various stimuli
• Nervous and endocrine system work
together to control body activities
Topic: The Endocrine System
AIM: How can we review for the exam?
Do Now: Complete handout.
Stop! Lets see how much we know
about the endocrine system.