Transcript 19_QuizShowQuestions

Chapter 19 – The Endocrine System
Overview /
Pituitary
Gland
Thyroid and
Parathyroid
Glands /
Thymus
Suprarenal Glands,
Pancreas and
Other Endocrine
Structures
Clinical
Correlatives
Reproductive
System / Pineal
Gland /
Hormones &
Aging
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FINAL ROUND
Topic 1:
$100 Question
Which class of hormones consists of small
molecules with a 5-carbon ring at one end,
which coordinates cellular activities and
enzymatic processes in extracellular fluids?
a. peptide hormones
b. steroid hormones
c. amino acid derivatives
d. eicosanoids
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$100 Answer
Which class of hormones consists of small
molecules with a 5-carbon ring at one end,
which coordinates cellular activities and
enzymatic processes in extracellular fluids?
a. peptide hormones
b. steroid hormones
c. amino acid derivatives
d. eicosanoids
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the
hypothalamic control of the adenohypophysis is/are
true?
a. The secondary capillary plexus in the floor of
the tuberal area receives blood from the
superior hypophyseal artery.
b. The vessels between the hypothalamus and
the adenohypophysis are called the
hypophyseal portal system.
c. After leaving the hypothalamus, the capillary
network unites to form a series of larger
vessels that spiral around the infundibulum.
d. a and b
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the
hypothalamic control of the adenohypophysis is/are
true?
a. The secondary capillary plexus in the floor of
the tuberal area receives blood from the
superior hypophyseal artery.
b. The vessels between the hypothalamus and
the adenohypophysis are called the
hypophyseal portal system.
c. After leaving the hypothalamus, the capillary
network unites to form a series of larger
vessels that spiral around the infundibulum.
d. a and b
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$300 Question
Regarding pituitary hormones and their targets,
what is the target of the somatomedins
synthesized and released by the liver in
response to the adenohypophyseal hormone
growth hormone (GH)?
a. bone, muscle, other tissues
b. suprarenal medulla
c. kidneys
d. suprarenal cortex
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$300 Answer
Regarding pituitary hormones and their targets,
what is the target of the somatomedins
synthesized and released by the liver in
response to the adenohypophyseal hormone
growth hormone (GH)?
a. bone, muscle, other tissues
b. suprarenal medulla
c. kidneys
d. suprarenal cortex
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Question
Which of the following is the only hormone
released by the pars intermedia?
a. luteinizing hormone (LH)
b. adenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH)
c. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
d. melanocyte-stimulating hormone
(MSH)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Answer
Which of the following is the only hormone
released by the pars intermedia?
a. luteinizing hormone (LH)
b. adenocorticotropic hormone
(ACTH)
c. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
d. melanocyte-stimulating hormone
(MSH)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Question
The hypophyseal portal system is the term for
the vessels between the ____ and the ____.
a. thalamus, posterior lobe of pituitary
b. hypothalamus, posterior lobe of pituitary
c. hippocampus, anterior lobe of pituitary
d. hypothalamus, anterior lobe of pituitary
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Answer
The hypophyseal portal system is the term for
the vessels between the ____ and the ____.
a. thalamus, posterior lobe of pituitary
b. hypothalamus, posterior lobe of pituitary
c. hippocampus, anterior lobe of pituitary
d. hypothalamus, anterior lobe of pituitary
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Question
Which term actually applies to a blend of several
different, complementary hormones that promote
the maturation and functional competence of the
immune system?
a. calcitonin
b. parathyroid hormone
c. thymosin
d. triiodothyronine (T3)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Answer
Which term actually applies to a blend of several
different, complementary hormones that promote
the maturation and functional competence of the
immune system?
a. calcitonin
b. parathyroid hormone
c. thymosin
d. triiodothyronine (T3)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Question
Which of the following hormones
increases calcium ion concentrations in
body fluids, and increases bone mass?
a. parathyroid hormone
b. calcitonin
c. thymosin
d. thyroxine (T4)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Answer
Which of the following hormones
increases calcium ion concentrations in
body fluids, and increases bone mass?
a. parathyroid hormone
b. calcitonin
c. thymosin
d. thyroxine (T4)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Question
Which of the following structures of the
parathyroid are glandular cells that
produce parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
a. oxyphil cells
b. transitional cells
c. chief or principal cells
d. a and b
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Answer
Which of the following structures of the
parathyroid are glandular cells that
produce parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
a. oxyphil cells
b. transitional cells
c. chief or principal cells
d. a and b
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Question
Thyroxine and ____ increase the rate of
cellular metabolism and ____ the rate of
oxygen consumption in almost every cell
of the body.
a. calcitonin, increase
b. triiodothyronine (T3), decrease
c. calcitonin, decrease
d. triiodothyronine (T3), increase
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Answer
Thyroxine and ____ increase the rate of
cellular metabolism and ____ the rate of
oxygen consumption in almost every cell
of the body.
a. calcitonin, increase
b. triiodothyronine (T3), decrease
c. calcitonin, decrease
d. triiodothyronine (T3), increase
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the thyroid
gland is/are true?
a. The size of the thyroid is quite variable,
depending on heredity, environment, and
nutritional factors.
b. The thyroid has a butterfly-like appearance and
consists of four main lobes.
c. Under the influence of thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH) from the hypothalamus, the
adenohypophysis releases thyrotropinreleasing hormone (TRH).
ANSWER
d. a and c
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the thyroid
gland is/are true?
a. The size of the thyroid is quite variable,
depending on heredity, environment, and
nutritional factors.
b. The thyroid has a butterfly-like appearance and
consists of four main lobes.
c. Under the influence of thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH) from the hypothalamus, the
adenohypophysis releases thyrotropinreleasing hormone (TRH).
d. a and c
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Question
From deep to superficial, what is the correct order of the
three distinct regions located deep to the capsule of the
cortex of the suprarenal gland?
a. zona reticularis, zona glomerulosa, zona
fasciculata
b. zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona
reticularis
c. zona fasciculata, zona reticularis, zona
glomerulosa
d. zona reticularis, zona fasciculata, zona
glomerulosa
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Answer
From deep to superficial, what is the correct order of the
three distinct regions located deep to the capsule of the
cortex of the suprarenal gland?
a. zona reticularis, zona glomerulosa, zona
fasciculata
b. zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona
reticularis
c. zona fasciculata, zona reticularis, zona
glomerulosa
d. zona reticularis, zona fasciculata, zona
glomerulosa
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Question
Which of the following suprarenal
structures produces mineralocorticoids,
steroid hormones that affect the electrolyte
composition of body fluids?
a. zona reticularis
b. zona glomerulosa
c. adrenal medulla
d. zona fasciculata
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Answer
Which of the following suprarenal
structures produces mineralocorticoids,
steroid hormones that affect the electrolyte
composition of body fluids?
a. zona reticularis
b. zona glomerulosa
c. adrenal medulla
d. zona fasciculata
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Question
What term is used to indicate the entire
group of related steroids, including
calcitriol, cholecalciferol, and various
intermediaries?
a. vitamin A
b. vitamin D
c. vitamin C
d. eicosanoid
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Answer
What term is used to indicate the entire
group of related steroids, including
calcitriol, cholecalciferol, and various
intermediaries?
a. vitamin A
b. vitamin D
c. vitamin C
d. eicosanoid
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the
endocrine pancreas is false?
a. Two major arteries supply blood to the
pancreas, the pancreaticoduodenal and
pancreatic arteries.
b. Pancreatic islets (of Langerhans) only
account for about one percent of the
pancreatic cell population.
c. Venous blood from the pancreas returns
to the hepatic vein.
ANSWER
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the
endocrine pancreas is false?
a. Two major arteries supply blood to the
pancreas, the pancreaticoduodenal and
pancreatic arteries.
b. Pancreatic islets (of Langerhans) only
account for about one percent of the
pancreatic cell population.
c. Venous blood from the pancreas returns
to the hepatic vein.
d. None of the above is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Question
Which of the following statements
regarding the cell types in pancreatic islets
is true?
a. Alpha cells produce insulin.
b. F cells produce somatostatin.
c. Beta cells produce glucagon.
d. None of the above.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Answer
Which of the following statements
regarding the cell types in pancreatic islets
is true?
a. Alpha cells produce insulin.
b. F cells produce somatostatin.
c. Beta cells produce glucagon.
d. None of the above.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Question
Which of the following syndromes occurs
as a result of overproduction of thyroxine?
a. Cushing’s disease
b. Grave’s disease
c. Addison’s disease
d. gigantism
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Answer
Which of the following syndromes occurs
as a result of overproduction of thyroxine?
a. Cushing’s disease
b. Grave’s disease
c. Addison’s disease
d. gigantism
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Question
Polyuria is a principal symptom of which
underproduction syndrome?
a. diabetes mellitus
b. myxedema
c. Addison’s disease
d. diabetes insipidus
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Answer
Polyuria is a principal symptom of which
underproduction syndrome?
a. diabetes mellitus
b. myxedema
c. Addison’s disease
d. diabetes insipidus
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Question
Excessive breakdown of tissue proteins
and lipid reserves, and impaired glucose
metabolism are principal symptoms of
which overproduction syndrome?
a. Grave’s disease
b. Cushing’s disease
c. Addison’s disease
d. hyperparathyroidism
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Answer
Excessive breakdown of tissue proteins
and lipid reserves, and impaired glucose
metabolism are principal symptoms of
which overproduction syndrome?
a. Grave’s disease
b. Cushing’s disease
c. Addison’s disease
d. hyperparathyroidism
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Question
Gynecomastia is an overproduction
syndrome associated with which
hormone?
a. mineralocorticoids
b. estrogens (female)
c. androgens (male)
d. glucocorticoids
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Answer
Gynecomastia is an overproduction
syndrome associated with which
hormone?
a. mineralocorticoids
b. estrogens (female)
c. androgens (male)
d. glucocorticoids
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Question
Diabetes insipidus develops when the ____ no
longer releases adequate amounts of ____.
a. neurohypophysis, antidiuretic hormone
b. neurohypophysis, oxytocin
c. kidneys, renin
d. adenohypophysis, antidiuretic hormone
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Answer
Diabetes insipidus develops when the ____ no
longer releases adequate amounts of ____.
a. neurohypophysis, antidiuretic hormone
b. neurohypophysis, oxytocin
c. kidneys, renin
d. adenohypophysis, antidiuretic hormone
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Question
Which of the following pancreatic
hormones targets all cells except those of
the brain, kidney, digestive tract
epithelium, and red blood cells?
a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. somatostatin
c. insulin
d. glucagon
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Answer
Which of the following pancreatic
hormones targets all cells except those of
the brain, kidney, digestive tract
epithelium, and red blood cells?
a. pancreatic polypeptide
b. somatostatin
c. insulin
d. glucagon
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Question
Which of the following hormones is a
powerful antioxidant that may help protect
CNS tissues from toxins generated by
active neurons and glial cells?
a. progesterone
b. thymosin
c. growth hormone
d. melatonin
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Answer
Which of the following hormones is a
powerful antioxidant that may help protect
CNS tissues from toxins generated by
active neurons and glial cells?
a. progesterone
b. thymosin
c. growth hormone
d. melatonin
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Question
Progestins (especially estradiol) are
reproductive hormones released by which
structures/cells?
a. corpus luteum of ovaries
b. nurse cells
c. follicular cells of ovaries
d. interstitial cells
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Answer
Progestins (especially estradiol) are
reproductive hormones released by which
structures/cells?
a. corpus luteum of ovaries
b. nurse cells
c. follicular cells of ovaries
d. interstitial cells
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Question
____ cells of the testes secrete ____,
which targets most cells of the body.
a. nurse, inhibin
b. interstitial, androgens
c. nurse, androgens
d. interstitial, inhibin
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Answer
____ cells of the testes secrete ____,
which targets most cells of the body.
a. nurse, inhibin
b. interstitial, androgens
c. nurse, androgens
d. interstitial, inhibin
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Question
Inhibin primarily targets the ____ and inhibits
secretion of ____.
a. posterior lobe of pituitary gland, folliclestimulating hormone (FSH)
b. anterior lobe of pituitary gland,
luteinizing hormone (LH)
c. anterior lobe of pituitary gland, folliclestimulating hormone (FSH)
d. posterior lobe of pituitary gland,
luteinizing hormone (LH)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Answer
Inhibin primarily targets the ____ and inhibits
secretion of ____.
a. posterior lobe of pituitary gland, folliclestimulating hormone (FSH)
b. anterior lobe of pituitary gland,
luteinizing hormone (LH)
c. anterior lobe of pituitary gland, folliclestimulating hormone (FSH)
d. posterior lobe of pituitary gland,
luteinizing hormone (LH)
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
Regarding the suprarenal glands, which of the
following statements is/are true?
a. The renal veins carry blood away from
the suprarenal glands.
b. Branches of the renal artery, the superior
phrenic artery, and the middle
suprarenal artery supply blood to each
suprarenal gland.
c. Suprarenal glands are retroperitoneal
(posterior to peritoneal lining).
ANSWER
d. b and c
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Answer
Regarding the suprarenal glands, which of the
following statements is/are true?
a. The renal veins carry blood away from
the suprarenal glands.
b. Branches of the renal artery, the superior
phrenic artery, and the middle
suprarenal artery supply blood to each
suprarenal gland.
c. Suprarenal glands are retroperitoneal
(posterior to peritoneal lining).
d. b and c
BACK TO GAME