Transcript 4.03 Remember the structures of the endocrine system

4.03 Remember the structures of
the endocrine system
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4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
What are the structures of the
endocrine system?
Gland: an organ that produces & secretes
hormones
Thyroid Gland
Pituitary Gland
Thymus Gland
Adrenal Glands
Pineal Gland
Gonads
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
Pancreas
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4.03 Remember the structures of
the endocrine system
Gland-any organ that produces a
secretion called hormones
-ductless
-only act on target organ
cells(which immediately
cause a reponse in the
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
body)
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The Pituitary Gland
The Master Gland
Size of a grape
Located at the base of the brain
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
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The Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland and its
hormones
Anterior lobe:
1.
2.
Growth Hormone: fat for energy
Prolactin Hormone: production of milk after
birth in female breast tissue
3.
TSH: growth and secretion of thyroid gland
4.
ACTH: growth and secretion of adrenal cortex
5.
FSH: estrogen in females and sperm in males
6.
Luteinizing Hormone: progesterone in women
& testosterone in man
Posterior lobe:
1.
2.
Vasopressin: antidiuretic hormone
Oxytocin: released in childbirth to contract
the uterus
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
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Thyroid Gland
Butterfly shaped
Located in the anterior neck
on either side of the larynx,
over the trachea
(Thyroxine) Controls
metabolism, protein synthesis
(helps tissue growth),
breakdown of liver glycogen
into glucose
Produces calcitonin: prevents
hypercalcemia in blood
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endocrine system
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Parathyroid Glands
Four glands
Size of a grain of rice
Attached to the posterior
thyroids
Increases number of
osteoclast that invades
hard bone; digests calcium
in the bone & release it
into the blood stream
Antagonistic to the thyroid
gland
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Thymus Gland
Serves both the endocrine
system and the lymphatic
system
Located under the sternum
Large during childhood but
atrophy with age.
Makes T-lymphocytes critical to
the immune system
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
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Adrenal Gland
There are two adrenal glands.
One is located on top of each kidney.
Cortex – outside
Corticoids: anti-inflammatory hormones
Mineralcorticoids: hormone works on kidney
functioning
Glucocorticoids: conversion of protein and fats to
glycogen in the liver & breakdown of glycogen into
glucose
Sex Hormones
Medulla – inside
Epinephrine (adrenaline) fight or flight
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Gonads
Sex glands
Testes (male)
Sperm and
Testosterone
Development of male
reproductive organs
and secondary sex
characterisitics
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Gonads
Sex glands:
Ovaries (female)
Estrogen and
progesterone
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endocrine system
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Pancreas
Located behind the
stomach
Both an endocrine and
exocrine gland
The endocrine portion is
the Islets of Langerhans
(produce insulin)
Lack of insulin inhibits
glucose to be utilized
effectively which
contributes to diabetes
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endocrine system
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Pineal Gland
In third ventricle of brain
Produces Melatonin (stimulated by
nerves in the brain from the optic
nerve)
Increase light passage from optic
nerve less melatonin made
Darker more melatonin production
Prostaglandin
Produced in various tissues
Named Prostaglandins because
they were originally thought to be
produced in the prostate
4.03 Remember Structures of the
endocrine system
What are the structures of the
endocrine system?
4.03 Remember the structures of the
endocrine system
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