Transcript Hormones - WTPS.org

Objectives
• describe the main function of the endocrine system
• explain the jobs done by different hormones
• identify the endocrine glands and hormones
responsible for the changes that occur during
puberty
• state physical, mental/emotional and social changes
an adolescent experiences
Endocrine System
Some of the endocrine system
glands/organs are also part of the
reproductive systems. These organs
produce hormones that cause changes
during adolescence.
Endocrine System
• A chemical communication system that controls
many body functions
– The glands that produce the hormones to regulate the
body’s activities
• “Controller” in your body
• Works closely with the nervous system to
regulate body functions
• Uses chemicals to send its messages and
regulate some of the body’s actions
• Consist of several glands located throughout
your body
Gland: a group of cells or an organ in your body
that secrets a substance ….. hormones
Hormones: chemical substances that are produced in
the endocrine glands and are secreted into your blood
stream to regulate various body functions
• travels through bloodstream – circulatory
system
• some are produced continually others are
produced only at certain times
• scientist identified over 30 different ones in
the human body
Selected Glands and the Hormones They Produce
Gland
Hormone & Function
Corticosteroids, adrenaline
Adrenals
Parathyroids
Pineal body
Regulates salt and water balance, metabolism, the
immune system, and the body’s response to stress.
Parathyroid
Regulates the level of calcium in the blood.
Melatonin
Regulates the wake-sleep cycle.
Growth, thyrotropin, corticotropin
Pituitary
Stimulates the growth of bone and other body tissues.
Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid
hormones.
Thyroxine
Thyroid
Regulates the rate at which cells burn fuel from food to
produce energy.
Pancreas
Insulin
regulates the level of sugar in the body
Diabetes is a disease in which the body cannot properly convert food into energy
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin.
Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body cannot use the insulin it produces properly.
Endocrine System & Reproductive System Glands/Organs
And The Hormones They Produce
That Cause Changes During Adolescence
• Ovaries produce estrogen controls the development of the secondary sex characteristic during adolescence
ovaries are the female reproductive glands that stores the female reproductive cell
….. the egg
males also have estrogen … increase levels in the females causes female changes
progesterone is another female hormone … increase levels
during pregnancy
• Testes produce testosterone
controls the development of the secondary sex characteristics during adolescence
testes are the male reproductive glands where the male reproductive cell is
produced … the sperm
•
•
both male and female sex hormones are present in both genders.
There are higher levels of testosterone in males are responsible for the changes
that occur in males and the higher levels of estrogen in the females are
responsible for the changes that occur in females
MEET
MARTHA
AND
GEORGE
These changes occur during?
The chemicals released in the body that
causes these changes to occur?
Who usually begins to experience these
changes first boys or girls?
True or False:
Everyone goes through puberty at the
same exact age.
The physical changes on this page are
just part of the changes a person
experiences during puberty?
What are some other physical changes
that occur during puberty?
More physical changes during puberty
• Growth spurt
• Permanent teeth all in
• Hairline recession
begins
• Acne appears
• Muscle develop
• Perspiration increases
• External genitals enlarge
• Waistline narrow
• Hips widen
• Long bone growth stops
What other ways does an adolescent change
during puberty?… other than physical changes
• Social changes
• Mental & emotional changes
Social growth during adolescence
• Friend become very important – establish independence from
parents
• Meeting many new people and forming new relationships –
more mature relationships with people of both genders
• Becoming more aware of other people’s needs
• Learn more about yourself – consider what is important in you
in life
• Accept your body and characteristics
• Approach life like an adult, using your intelligences
and reason to solve problems
How does good communication skills help you socially?
Examples?
Mental & emotional growth during adolescence
• Thinking skills develop: can solve more complex
problems
• understand other’s point of view
• understand that you often have a choice – weigh
consequences before acting
Emotions and feelings also change
• Moods swings
• Feelings towards others - … others are no longer just
givers like when you were a child, you see people as
having needs just you do – you can listen when a friend
has a problem
• Increase interest in the opposite gender