Regulation of Erythropoiesis
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Transcript Regulation of Erythropoiesis
Regulation of
Erythropoiesis
Dr Ghulam Mustafa
Regulation of Erythropoiesis
Importance
Factors affecting Erythropoiesis
Tissue
Oxygenation
Anemia, High Altitudes, Cardiac failure, Resp Problem
ERYTHROPOITEN
Vitamins
Metals
Proteins
Hormones
Other
factors/Conditions
Normal RBC Count
Importance:
Must Not fall
To
supply oxygen from lungs to tissues
Must Not rise
Blood
May
viscosity may increase
impede blood flow
Factors affecting Erythropoiesis
1.
Tissue Oxygenation
2.
Vitamins
3.
Metals
4.
Proteins
5.
Hormones
1. Tissue Oxygenation – Most
Important Regulator of Erythropoiesis
ANY CONDITION
Oxygenation
Increase Erythropoiesis
Anemia
Immediately
Decrease Tissue
Increase RBCs production
Bone marrow destruction:
Hyperplasia of remaining cells
Increase production of RBCs
High altitudes:
Partial
pressure of oxygen in air less
Decrease
Tissue
in oxygen transport to tissues
hypoxia
Result?
Cardiac Failure
Inefficient
Decreased
Tissue
Result?
pumping by heart
blood flow to peripheral vessels
hypoxia
Lung diseases:
Failure
of oxygen absorption in Lungs
Blood carries less Oxygen
Tissue hypoxia
Result?
All conditions have one common problem
HYPOXIA
ERYTHROPOIETIN
Erythropoietin
Glycoprotein
Mol weight 34000
Sites of production
Kidneys
Liver
Brain,
Uterus
If Erythropoiten production reduced
Effect
of Hypoxia?
Stimulants of Erythropoiten production:
RENAL MECHANISM
Anemic
Less
blood to kidney
oxygen supplied
Renal
tubular cells - High O2 consuming
Stimulates
NON RENAL MECHANISM
Hypoxia
Nor
production of Erythropoiten
in other parts – Non renal sensor
epinephrine, epinephrine, prostaglandins
In Renal failure?
Formation of Erythropoiten
Erythrogenin – Renal Erythropoitic factor
Erythropoitinogen
Alpha
globulin
Substrate
for Erythropoiten
Stimulants of Erythrogenin
Hypoxia
cAMP
NAD
Hemosylates
Role of EP in Erythropoiesis
Formed in response to Hypoxia within minutes
RBC production in 5 days
Erythropoiten
Stimulates
Causes
Proerythroblasts formation
cells to pass through various stages
of Erythropoiesis rapidly
Recombinant Erythropoiten
Anemia – Renal Failure
Blood doping
Erythropoiten
- Athletes
Running – Increase Oxygen demand
Breathlessness
ERYTHROPOITEN – Increase RBC’s
Less dyspnea
DNA Recombinant Technique
2. Vitamins
Vit B12 & Folic acid
Essential for formation of thymidine triphosphate
Essential building block of DNA
Diminished DNA
Failure
of nuclear maturation
Inadequate
Erythropoiesis
Vitamin C
Potentiate
the effect of Folic acid
Also helpful in Iron
Absorption
Reducing Ferric to ferrous form
Pyridoxine:
Coenzyme
for condensation of Glycine and
succinyl-CoA
Riboflavin and Pantothenic acid
Heme
formation
Cell growth and division
2. Minerals
Iron
Copper
Ceruloplasmin
Necessary
Bone
marrow, Liver and Spleen
Cobalt
Forms
for Iron transfer from storage sites
a part of Vitamin B12
Nickel and Manganese
3. Proteins
Adequate protein diet essential
Formation of Globin
Protein deficiency
Kwashiorkor
Prisoners
Protein
Renal
losing Enteropathies
disease- Proteinuria
4. Hormones
Testosterone
Growth hormone
Thyroid hormone
Cortisol
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone ACTH
5. Other Conditions Stimulating
Erythropoiesis
Exercise
Excitement
Menstruation
Pregnancy
Menopause
More RBC Count in fetal life
HbF
– Binds more oxygen
Regulation of Erythropoiesis
Importance
Factors affecting Erythropoiesis
1 Tissue Oxygenation
Anemia, High Altitudes, Cardiac failure, Resp Problem
ERYTHROPOITEN
Site of production
Stimulants for production
Mechanism of production
Role in Erythropoiesis
2 Vitamins
Vit
B12 and Folic acid
Pyridoxine
Vitamin C
Riboflavin and Pantothenic acid
3 Metals
Iron,
Cu, Co, Ni, Mn
4 Proteins
5 Hormones
GH,
TH, CORTISOL, TESTOSTERONE, ACTH
5 Other conditions affecting…..
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