Transcript A New Approach to Learning Algorithms

My Webpage can Speak
Many Languages
Tomasz Müldner*, Fei Wang and Darcy Benoit
Jodrey School of Computer Science, Acadia
University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
* presenting
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Contents
• In the past, most software programs could only “speak one
language”.
• But:
• there are many multi-language countries
• there is a growing globalization
• Internationalization of a product means that the product can
be adapted to various languages
•Localization of the internationalized product refers to the
adaptation of this product to a specific locale
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Examples
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HRE http://www.hrs.de/
Google http://www.google.com
Webmail http://www.webmail.co.za
Opera
Word
…
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IFW
Internationalization
process applied to the
development of a
website:
Internationalized
Faculty Website
(IFW).
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Contents
•
•
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related work
functionality and implementation of IFW
conclusions
future work.
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Translation Process
Microsoft Word translations
L'intérêt pour l'internationalisation se développe rapidement
The interest for internationalization develops quickly
Das Interesse für Internationalisierung wächst schnell.
The interest in internationalization grows fast.
兴趣为国际化迅速显现出
The interest rapidly appears for the internationalization
Manual or Automatic?
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XML and Internationalization
• support for Unicode
• Separation Of Concerns (SOC)
• ease of converting to various formats,
including HTML, VoiceXML, etc.
• support for mixing several languages
• help to avoid repetitions
• support for specifying translatable text
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IFW
• A website that will initially be displayed in
one language
• Has the option to be displayed:
in a variety of languages
with various selections of data; and
selections of formats these data are to be
rendered in
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IFW Creation: Roles and SoC
creators
administrators
translators
verifiers
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Creator: Input data
•
Requests an account
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Uses the account to access the IFW server
Enters CV data, using the interface language
Selects a primary (default) language
Selects one or more languages in which this
website can be displayed
Selects data to be shown and formats for display.
•
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Creator: Receive Product
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A website contains one default webpage
(displayed using a primary language), which
can be used to choose:
a secondary language to display CV data
which data will be displayed
a format for display.
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Kinds of Final Products
The final product may appear in one of two
available kinds:
• transient
• persistent
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Administrator: Translations
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Translations are performed by translators,
who have profiles.
Translations are verified
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Implementation: Tools
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Java
XML
XLIFF
XSLT
JAXB
databases (either native XML or relational
that support XML)
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XML
• Enters data using GUIs interacting with
data objects implemented using JAXB
• Internally, data are stored in XML
• Specifically, in XLIFF
• We use XSLT to convert between XML
and XLIFF (and for rendering formats)
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Management
• Translators can be assigned manually or
automatically
• Available formats can be removed and added
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Databases
• All translations are permanently stored
and can be reused in future translation
and verification tasks
• For each “segment” (XML element), the
database stores the status of its required
translations
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Which Database
• IFW needs XML
• Pure XML database: Xindice
• DB2 with XML extender: CURRENT
CHOICE
• Microsoft SQL server with a schema
language XML Reduced (XDR)
• … or just about any relational DBMS with
XML support
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Conclusions
• We have designed and implemented IFW
• My home page can now speak many
languages
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Future Work
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Applications of automated translation
Internationalizing the IFW system
Multiple interface languages
Testing various databases
Extending IFW to all (some) XML schema
Using versioning systems to compare new
translations and accepted translations
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