Transcript RubeGuideSlides1x

Rube Goldberg Project
Basic Elements
Introduction
• Rube Goldberg was a cartoonist famous for
creating diagrams that showed an extremely
complicated, complex way to accomplish
simple, ordinary tasks. You, too, will follow in
the creative footsteps of Mr. Goldberg on the
path to simple machine invention.
Task
• You will design and build a working Rube
Goldberg machine, a very complicated
machine to perform a simple everyday task.
Process
• You will design and build a working Rube
Goldberg machine, a very complicated
machine to perform a simple everyday task.
What you need to know
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Where force comes from
Where energy comes from
How energy is stored
How energy is transferred
Big Bang Evolution of forces
• 13.7 billion years ago
Superforce
This is where
forces come
from.
Grand Unified
Force
Gravity
Big Bang Evolution of forces
Weak Nuclear
Force
Electroweak
Force
Grand Unified
Force
Strong Nuclear
Force
Gravity
Electromagnetic
Force
Big Bang Evolution of forces
Weak Nuclear
Force
Electromagnetic
Force
Strong Nuclear
Force
Gravity
Strong bonds within
the nucleus
Electricity
Magnetism
Short range bonding protons
and neutrons
You will be using these
three in your project.
Types of Energy
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Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Mechanical Energy
Heat energy
Chemical Energy
Electrical Energy
Gravitational Energy
• Kinetic Energy is energy that is in motion.
Moving water and wind are good examples of
kinetic energy. Electricity is also kinetic energy
because even though you can't see it happen,
electricity involves electrons moving
in conductors.
• Potential Energy is stored energy. Examples of
potential energy are oil sitting in a barrel, or
water in a lake in the mountains. This energy
is referred to as potential energy, because if it
were released, it would do a lot of work.
• Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion
that does the work. An example of mechanical
energy is the wind as it turns a windmill.
• Heat energy is energy that is pushed into
motion by using heat. An example is a fire in
your fireplace.
• Chemical Energy is energy caused by chemical
reactions. A good example of chemical energy
is food when it is cooked.
• Electrical Energy is when electricity creates
motion, light or heat. An example of electrical
energy is the electric coils on your stove.
• Gravitational Energy is motion that is caused
by gravity. An example of gravitational energy
is water flowing down a waterfall.
• Energy can change from one form to another.
Be able to identify what changed.
Machine Requirements
Machine must demonstrate at least ONE of the
following simple machines:
• Pulley
• Lever
• Wedge
• Wheel and Axle
• Inclined Plane
• Screw
Pulley
Pulley
Lever
Lever
Lever
Wedge
Ball drops on top of wedge, wedge pushes down
(wedges in) between a fixed block and a
movable block, movable block pushes a ball
off, or itself falls off, of another edge.... or
presses a button and throws a switch
Wedge
Wheel and Axle
Inclined Plane
Screw
Screw
Machine must demonstrate at least
TWO of the following:
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Wave (sound or mechanical)
Collision
Chemical reaction
Temperature change
Magnetism
Electricity
Change of motion (acceleration)
Light
Wave
• Sound
Wave
• Mechanical
Collision
Chemical Reaction
Temperature Change
Magnetism
Electricity
Change of Motion
• Acceleration
Acceleration
•-Acceleration- the rate at which velocity
changes with time
•-Velocity = speed in a given direction
Acceleration
•a change in velocity means a change in
direction or speed or both which is
acceleration
•-Acceleration is a Vector (magnitude and
direction)
Light
Machine must demonstrate ALL of the
following:
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Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
Inertia
Momentum
Speed
Potential Energy (PE)
•-Potential Energy-stored energy that
results from the position or shape of an
object.
•-PE has the potential to do work
Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)
•-Def: Potential energy related to an
objects height
•-Depends on weight and height in relation
to reference point
•-Calculate: GPE = Weight x Height
Elastic Potential Energy (EPE)
•-Def: Potential energy of objects that can
be stretched or compressed
•-EX: Bow of an archer
Kinetic Energy (KE)
•-Kinetic Energy-the energy an object has
due to its motion
•-The amount of KE is due to an objects
mass and speed
•-KE increases as mass increases or speed
increases
Inertia
• Tendency of an object to resist a change in
motion
• The more mass an object has the more inertia
it has
Inertia
• Newton’s First Law of MotionAn object at rest will remain at rest and an
object in motion will remain in motion at the
same velocity unless acted on by an
unbalanced force.
Momentum
•Momentum-a characteristic of a moving
object by multiplying the object’s mass
and velocity
Speed
•-Speed is a type of rate
•-Rates tell you the amount of something
that occurs or changes in one unit of time.
•-Speed-the distance an object travels per
unit of time.
Speed
•-Speed is a type of rate
•-Rates tell you the amount of something
that occurs or changes in one unit of time.
•-Speed-the distance an object travels per
unit of time.
Transfer of Energy
• Machine must transfer energy from start to
finish, adding energy for the next machine.
The amount of force that exits your machine
must be MORE than what begins it.
Construction Requirements
• Machine must be no larger than 60 cm x 60
cm x 60 cm. This will be small. Use small parts.
• Machine must be able to complete the
process more than once. Parts can be
replaceable, but you shouldn’t have to rebuild
it.
Construction Requirements
• Use trash or recyclable items for your
machine. However, you may need to purchase
things like marbles, magnets or dominoes.
Think creatively.
• You may build prototypes at home, but be
prepared to construct the final product in
class. You will have several days of class time
for construction.
Other Details
• Your machine may begin by a force from your
hand or from another machine. You may
coordinate with another machine to align your
entry and exit points.
• You cannot touch the machine after it starts