Transcript Kinetic energy

Transfer of Energy
Target: 4th Grade
Images from Creative Commons
Content Topics
•
•
•
•
•
Energy Conservation
Types of Energy
Energy & Collisions
Electric Currents & Magnetism
Heat Energy Transfer
Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
The total amount of energy in the universe is
conserved (remains the same).
• Requires that energy is transferred from one place or
object to another, and/or
• Requires that energy is transformed from one type of
energy into a different type of energy.
Check for Understanding
Describe the transfer and/or transformation of energy
taking place in each of these situations.
Sample Question
If you eat 320 calories of food for breakfast, what
happens to the 320 calories?
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is the energy an object has when it is
in motion.
Both the amount of mass that is moving and the
speed of that mass contribute to the kinetic energy.
Stock Image
Sample Question
Who has the most kinetic energy if each person
has the same mass? Why?
a.
b.
c.
d.
LeBron running 4 mph
Noah walking 2 mph
Rae running 5 mph
Kay walking 3 mph
Gravitational Potential Energy
Gravitational potential
energy is the energy an
object has that may fall or
travel downward from a
height.
Sample Questions
1. What will happen to the
gravitational potential
energy of the roller
coaster?
2. What is another example
of something that would
have gravitational
potential energy?
1. Is it possible for an object to have both GPE and KE,
at the same time.
2. Can one type of energy become a different type of
energy? Explain.
Light Energy
Light energy may be seen and/or felt when it is
transferred.
The color of the light indicates the energy it is has.
Red
Low Energy
Cool
Yellow
Blue
High Energy
Hot
Check for Understanding
Which flame would be hotter? Which flame would
transfer more energy?
Yellow Candle
Flame
Red Hot BBQ
Coals
Natural Gas
Flame
Light Transfer
Light energy can travel
through the vacuum of
space. It does not
require a material
through which to
transfer the energy.
Once the light reaches
an object, the light
energy may be seen and
felt.
Heat is actually a type
of “light” that we
cannot see.
Sound Energy
Sound is the energy of vibrations.
A vibration causes nearby air molecules to vibrate.
Molecules vibrate “side-to-side”, molecules collide,
and this motion transfers the sound energy.
Sound Animation
Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27a26e2CnuM
Sample Questions
1. How do you know that sound energy has been
transferred?
2. What are some examples of sound energy being
transferred that you have witnessed?
Electric Energy
Electric current is the net movement of electrons.
When there is an electric current, electric energy is
transformed into kinetic energy (motion) as charge is
accelerated through wires.
Sample Question
What evidence do we have that the energy
from electric currents is transferred, and/or
transformed?
Heat Energy
Heat energy is
transferred from one
place to another, if
there is a temperature
difference.
Hot  Cold
The larger the
temperature difference,
the faster the heat
energy will be
transferred.
Sample Question
What evidences and/or examples do we have that heat
energy is transferred?
Energy & Collisions
Collisions between
objects allow energy to be
transferred.
When molecules collide,
high energy molecules
transfer energy to low
energy molecules.
Tackle Football
Sound, Heat, Electric Current
Electric Currents & Magnetism
The motion of charge
creates a magnetic
field.
When two magnetic
fields interact they exert
forces on each other,
which may result in
motion.
The energy from an
electric current may
produce motion if there
is a magnet near the
current.
Heat Energy Transfer
Conduction
Heat energy is transferred
from the hot molecules to
the cold molecules via
collisions.
Convection
Heated fluid rises,
transferring energy to
whatever is within the
fluid.
Radiation
Heat energy is transferred
by “light” waves.
Check for Understanding
1. What real world examples do we have of
conduction, convection, and radiation?
2. When hot air rises, this is an example of _______.
3. Critical Thinking Challenge: Why do we change the
direction in which our ceiling fans spin?
NGSS Standard
4-PS3-2 Make observations to
provide evidence that energy can
be transferred from place to place
by sound, light, heat, and electric
currents.