Transcript TYPES OF ENERGY

Energy
What is Energy?
• The ability to make things
move/cause change or to do
work
• Any change
• Every change that occurs
involves energy….changes
REQUIRE energy
• SI Unit – Joule ( J )
Work
The transfer of energy from one object to
another
Work is when a force moves an object
Also SI unit: Joule (J)
Energy is the ability to do work.
You are doing work. Your pencil is doing
work. Both of you have energy.
Can you make things move?
• Then you have energy…
• …but there are many
different kinds of energy…
Curriculum Connection
Everything we learn this year is connected in
some way and we learn it in a logical order.
Think back to our previous units:
How is energy related to (or how does it
build upon what we already learned about)
motion and forces?
Review Slide
What is the SI unit for each quantity?
Write in your comp book – help each
other if you need to.
1.Force
2.Height
3.Work
4.Mass
5.Energy
Chemical Energy
• What holds atoms in molecules
together
• Has the “potential” to be released
by chemical reactions like burning
wood
• FOOD (CPE)
What is Chemical Energy?
o Energy that is
available for release
from chemical
reactions.
The chemical bonds in
a matchstick store
energy that is
transformed into
thermal energy when
the match is struck.
Examples of Chemical Energy
Electrical Energy
• The movement (KE) of
electrons through
conductive matter
• newly derived from
electrical PE
• Electricity is a form of
electrical energy
What is Electrical Energy?
o Energy caused by
the movement of
electrons
o Easily transported
through power lines
and converted into
other forms of energy
Thermal Energy (HEAT)
• The random motion, or
vibration, of atoms in
matter
• The faster the atoms
vibrate the more heat
energy they have
• How we measure
temperature
What is Thermal Energy?
o Heat energy
o The heat energy of an object
determines how active its atoms
are.
A hot object is one whose atoms
and molecules are excited and
show rapid movement.
A cooler object's molecules and
atoms will show less movement.
Light/Radiant Energy
• The energy carried by light
• Yes, whenever you are
looking at light, you are
looking at energy
What is Electromagnetic
Energy?
o Light energy
o Includes energy from
gamma rays, xrays,
ultraviolet rays, visible
light, infrared rays,
microwave and radio
bands
Mechanical Energy
• The total energy of moving
things
• PE + KE = ME
• When you ride a bike you
use mechanical energy
• Anytime you or an object
does work.
What is Mechanical Energy?
o Energy due to a
object’s motion
(kinetic) or position
(potential).
The bowling ball has
mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes
the pins, mechanical
energy is transferred to
the pins!
Examples of Mechanical Energy
Nuclear Energy
• Holds protons and neutrons
together in an atom’s nucleus
• Atoms can split (nuclear fissure)
or fuse together (nuclear fusion)
• Powers the sun and nuclear
power plants
Sound Energy
• Vibrates air molecules
• The air molecules move tiny
bones in your ear
• The message of sound then
moves to your brain
• Can also vibrate objects
• When one form of energy changes to another
form, this is called an energy transformation.
• Energy transformations
occur most often between
potential and kinetic
energy.
• Falling objects- at the top of the hill, the ball has
potential energy. As it rolls down the hill, its potential
energy decreases, but as it gains speed its kinetic
energy increases.
Energy can be transformed from
one form to another
• Chemical energy in
gasoline is changed to
heat energy and then to
mechanical energy in a car
Energy can be transformed from
one form to another
• When you eat, your body
converts the chemical
energy in food into thermal
energy.
QUIZ TIME!
Electrical energy is
transported to your house
through power lines.
When you plug an electric fan
to a power outlet, electrical
energy is transform into what
type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!
What energy transformation
occurs when an electric lamp is
turned on?
ELECTRICAL ENERGY

ELECTROMAGNETIC/RADIAN
T ENERGY
What types of energy are shown below?
Mechanical and Thermal Energy
(Don’t forget friction)
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (CPE)
What types of energy are shown below?
Electrical, Mechanical and
Electromagnetic/Radiant Energy
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (yummy)
What type of energy is shown below?
Thermal Energy
Energy Transfer
Sound
(mechanical)
Thermal
Electrical
Mechanical
Chemical
Light
(Electromagnetic)
Power
The rate energy is transformed.
(Rate work is done)
The more power something has, the quicker
the energy transforms.
Example) a runner running burns energy
more quickly than someone walking,
therefore they have more power
Can you think of another example?
What is the difference?
• Kinetic energy: energy of a moving
object because of its motion
(Depends on MASS and SPEED)
• Potential energy: stored energy due
to its position
“Has the potential to move”
Kinetic = moving [falling apple]
potential = stored (not moving)
The apple has the ability to cause
change…therefore, it has energy
If the apple stays in the tree, the energy is stored
as potential energy, if it falls, there is a change
of motion (kinetic energy)
TYPES OF POTENTIAL ENERGY

Elastic Potential Energy - energy stored by
something that can stretch or compress (like a
rubber band or a spring)
 The stretching of the rubber band shows elastic pot. Energy –
it flying through air is kinetic

Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) – the stored
energy for anything that can fall (the energy stored
by objects due to their position above the Earth’s
surface
◦ Depends on the MASS & HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND
Which Type?
Which Type?
Which Type?
Law of Conservation of Energy
As energy is transformed, it is neither created
or destroyed. It stays the same. It is
conserved.
The amount of energy in the entire universe is
always the same. It just transforms into
different forms.
(Friction can absorb some of the energy, but it
doesn’t destroy it)
Which type of energy? How is this the
Conservation of Energy? Why does it
eventually stop?
Both Potential and Kinetic.
The friction eventually slows it down.
Friction causes the energy to transform to
thermal (heat) energy.
Kinetic energy and potential combined
make thermal energy.
RECAP:
-The amount of energy in the Universe never
changes. It just transforms (changes into different
forms). The Law of Conservation of Energy.
-There are two main types of energy:
Kinetic (motion) and
Potential (has the potential for motion)
-There are many other forms of energy that can
transform into each other.
-The unit for energy is the joule and energy is
simply the ability for something to change.