Transcript TOPIC: Energy AIM: What is energy?

TOPIC: Energy
AIM: Describe the various sources of
energy that exist on Earth.
Do Now:
1. Take out your KE and PE notes.
2. Take out your numbers.
HW: Page 2 in KE/PE notes packet #’s 1 – 10
on the bottom off paper.
•
PE
that
depends
on
Gravitational
height
PE
• More height 
greater GPE
• Less height less
GPE
Energy appears in many forms. Which
form of energy is lightening?
1. Magnetic
2. Mechanical
3. sound
4. Electrical
A family is moving from Pennsylvania to
Connecticut. As the moving van burns gasoline, it
converts
1. chemical energy into mechanical energy
2. kinetic energy into potential energy
3. thermal energy into electrical energy
4. mechanical energy into kinetic energy
When an electric current flows through a metal
filament of a light bulb, the electrical energy is
converted into
1. heat energy, only
2. heat and light energy
3. light and motion energy
4. light energy only
Which energy source was developed
through the invention of the atomic
bomb?
1. Nuclear
2. Geothermal
3. Solar
4. Hydropower
An unlit match contains
1.Thermal energy
2.Electrical energy
3.Chemical energy
4.Nuclear energy
Which device produces mechanical
energy?
1. A battery
2. A light bulb
3. An electric motor
4. A solar cooker
A high diver steps off a diving platform that is
10m above the water. If no air resistance is
present, during the fall there will be a decrease in
the diver’s
1.potential energy
2.total mechanical energy
3.kinetic energy
4.momentum
Which of the following is an example of kinetic
energy?
1. A car not moving
2. Water falling off a dam
3. A rock resting on a ledge
4. A person sitting in a chair
Which of the following increases when a metal
spring is stretched horizontally?
1. Potential energy
2. Kinetic energy
3. Electrical energy
4. Chemical energy
What happens to the kinetic energy and potential
energy of a ball during free fall?
1. PE and KE both increase.
2. PE and KE both decrease.
3. PE decreases and KE increases.
4. PE increases and KE decreases.
1. Describe the • Nonrenewable:
difference
– Once it is used up, it
between
cannot be made again
renewable
– Not as clean
and
• Renewable:
nonrenewable
–
Constantly
available
resources.
– Cleaner form of energy
• Formed more than 400
2. Describe
million years ago during the
how fossil
Carboniferous Period
fuels were
(before dinosaurs)
produced.
• Made up of plant and animal
matter
3. Identify the 3 types of fossil fuels.
• Oil:
– Thick, black gooey liquid
– Called PETROULEUM(highly
flammable)
• Used to produce:
– Lubricants (grease, motor oil)
- Plastics
- Synthetic fibers
- Asphalt
• Natural Gas:
– Made out of methane
– Burned to provide
energy for cooking,
heating…
• Burns more cleanly than other
fossil fuels
• Coal
– Different forms from hard, black
rocks to soft, brown dirt
• Creates more than half of
electricity in the US
• Creates more pollution
DISADVANTAGE of Burning
Fossil Fuels?????
– Release carbon dioxide (global warming)
– Pollution (acid rain, smog)
• Solar energy: uses energy from the
sun
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x4CTceusK9I
• Disadvantage:
– very expensive
Wind:
- moves turbines to produce
electricity
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsZITSeQFR0
• Advantages:
– No pollution
– Low costs
• Disadvantage
– No wind  no energy
Geothermal energy:
•Heat from earth’s interior
(magma) used to generate
electricity
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ajqiPe_9Ko
Disadvantages:
• Could run out of
water if too much
is removed too
quickly
• Difficult to tell
where
geothermal
reservoirs are
• Water could
contain minerals
that are corrosive
Hydropower:
• electricity produced from energy of
moving water
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvYaCtjpMvk
Biomass:
• Energy from byproducts of
human activity
• Example: wood, garbage, crops
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sN68ef6trEs
Disadvantages:
• Pollution
• Building power plants  disrupts ecosystems
• Expensive
Biogas is one of the most popular
sources of renewable energy. It is
a good resource to make farms be
independent as biogas can be
used for electricity generation.
Compressed biogas can also be
used as an alternative vehicle
fuel. It is a colorless, odorless,
inflammable gas. Biogas is
produced when organic matter is
broken down by anaerobic
bacteria. Bio energy is a major
player in sustainable living in
countries like India and China
where individual biogas generators
have been developed in
villages to make them selfsufficient in terms of power
generation.
Ethanol = clear, colorless alcohol fuel made from the sugars found in
grains, such as corn & wheat, and potato skins & rice. It is renewable
because it is made from plants. To make ethanol we use yeast to
ferment the sugars and starch in corn. Corn is the main ingredient for
ethanol in the US due to its abundance and low price. The starch is
fermented into sugar  fermented into alcohol. Other crops such as,
barley, wheat, rice, sorghum, sunflower, potatoes, sugar cane and
sugar beets can also be used to produce ethanol.
• Nuclear Energy:
– found in the nuclei of atoms
Let’s summarize…
1.Describe the difference between renewable and
nonrenewable resources.
2.Identify three nonrenewable resources.
3.Describe the disadvantages of using fossil
fuels.
4.Identify some renewable resources.