Transcript Document
Thursday- Science Question of the Day 0607.10.3 Recognize that energy can be transformed from one type to another. An automobile engine converts the chemical energy in gasoline mostly into heat and A. nuclear energy. B. light energy. C. electromagnetic energy. D. mechanical energy. Going Over the Question of the Day An automobile engine converts the chemical energy in gasoline mostly into heat and – A. nuclear energy B. light energy C. electromagnetic energy D. mechanical energy. Testing Tips: • When thinking about energy transformations from our second unit, it is important to visualize the object and ask some important questions about it: • What is the source of energy of this object? The source of energy of an automobile is gasoline – which has chemical energy • What is the purpose of the object? The purpose of an automobile is to move! • Does any other form of energy get produced also? Remember, the most common form of energy that is produced is heat (thermal energy)! • Because the purpose of an automobile is to move, the following energy transformation takes place: Chemical energy thermal energy (heat) & mechanical energy 6th Grade Science TCAP: Reviewing Energy Transformations! (from Unit 2: Energy) Today’s Agenda: • Going over the Question of the Day (5 minutes) o o Correct answer Testing Tips • Reviewing Energy Transformations (20 minutes) o o Part I: Reviewing Forms of Energy Part II: Reviewing Energy Transformations • Energy Transformations Practice Quiz (15 minutes) Key Concepts to remember about Energy Transformations • We learned about several forms of energy: o o o o Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Mechanical Energy Thermal Energy - Light Energy - Sound Energy - Electrical Energy - Nuclear Energy • There are three forms of potential energy: o o o Gravitational Potential Energy Elastic Potential Energy Chemical Potential Energy • The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be destroyed or created. • Remember: Energy just changes from one form to another! Part I: Reviewing Forms of Energy Taking Notes for Part I: Set up a table like the one below in your notebook and fill it in as we go along! Form of Energy Definition Example (1) Kinetic Energy (2) Gravitational Potential Energy (3) Chemical Potential Energy (4) Elastic Potential Energy (5) Mechanical Energy (6) Thermal Energy (7) Electrical Energy (8) Sound Energy (9) Light Energy (10) Nuclear Energy Make sure you have at least 3 lines for each row in your table! Kinetic Energy • Is the energy of motion. • Kinetic energy depends on mass and speed. • The faster something is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. • Also, the more mass a moving object has, the greater its kinetic energy. If a motorcycle and a Hummer are both driving down Winchester going 40 mph, which has the greater kinetic energy? The Hummer has a greater kinetic energy because it has a greater mass! Gravitational Potential Energy • When you lift an object, you do work on it. • You use a force that is against the force of gravity. • Books on a shelf have gravitational potential energy. Which has the greater gravitational potential energy: the black vase on the 6th shelf or the vase on the 3rd shelf? The black vase has the greater gravitational potential energy remember G.P.E. depends on height and weight! Chemical Potential Energy • Before you eat that sugary drink or food, it has the potential to give you energy. • Food and drinks have chemical potential energy due to their chemical composition. • Also, batteries and gasoline have chemical potential energy. Elastic Potential Energy • Energy can be stored in bowstrings, springs, and rubber bands. • You change the shape of these objects by stretching them. Mechanical Energy • The total energy of motion and position of an object Example of Mechanical Energy A spinning wheel. Thermal Energy • All of the kinetic energy due to random motion of the particles that make up an object. • The hotter something is, the more kinetic energy its particles have. • If something is cold, like ice, its particles are moving very slow, or have little kinetic energy. Example of Thermal Energy Water has thermal energy. Electrical Energy • The energy of moving electrons. • A.k.a. electricity! Example of Electrical Energy • Anything that is powered by electricity requires electrical energy! Sound Energy • An object’s vibrations transmit sound energy through the air. Example of Sound Energy • Anything that produces sound is giving off sound energy! Light Energy • Produced by vibrations of electrically charged particles. Example of Light Energy • Anything that produces a form of light! Nuclear Energy • Energy that comes from changes in the nucleus of an atom. The sun is a natural example of nuclear energy. Humans have also figured out a way to produce electricity using nuclear energy. Part II: Energy Transformations Energy just CHANGES! • The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be destroyed or created. Write this down • When thinking about energy transformations from our second unit, it is important to visualize the object and ask some important questions about it: (1) What is the source of energy of this object? (2) What is the purpose of the object? Write this down (3) Does any other form of energy get produced also? Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions: BLOW DRYER • What is the source of energy of this object? A blow dryer is powered by electrical energy. • What is the purpose of the object? To dry your hair! * this is done through thermal energy (heat) • Does any other form of energy get produced also? A blow dryer also produces sound energy and mechanical energy (the motor spins to blow air out of the blow dryer) • What energy conversions are taking place here? _________ energy _________ energy Electrical Thermal _________ energy Electrical energy _________ Sound _________ Electrical energy _________ Mechanica energy Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions: MATCH BEING LIT • What is the source of energy of this object? Your mechanical energy (moving arm) strikes the match against the box. Also, the chemical energy in the red tip of a match is what sparks the flame. • What is the purpose of the object? To create fire, which gives off heat (thermal energy) and light! • Does any other form of energy get produced also? When a match is struck, you can hear it (sound energy) • What energy conversions are taking place here? Mechanical energy _________ Thermal _________ energy _________ energy Chemical energy _________ Light _________ energy _________ energy Mechanical Sound Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions: FAN • What is the source of energy of this object? The source of energy for a fan is electrical energy • What is the purpose of the object? The purpose is to cool you off – the moving blades do this! • Does any other form of energy get produced also? A fan produces sound energy (the “bzz” of the moving blades) and thermal energy (from the motor) • What energy conversions are taking place here? Electrical _________ energy Mechanical _________ energy _________ energy _________ energy Electrical Sound _________ energy _________ energy Electrical Thermal Looking at Real Examples of Energy Conversions: Create Your Own! • At the bottom of your notes today underneath your steps for identifying Energy Transformations, describe your own example of an energy conversion that we have not yet discussed. • Then, take a few minutes to share your energy conversion. • Fellow scholars: if you think that a scholar has missed or incorrectly identified an energy conversion, raise your hand to respectfully correct them and make you sure you explain! Energy Transformations Practice Quiz (15 minutes) • On my Quia profile, open the “March Madness” Folder and click on “Week 1 Practice Quiz” • You will have the last portion of class to answer 10 practice questions on this topic. The secret word for today’s practice quiz is: “change” • Once you submit your answers, make sure you review the questions you got wrong! • If you finish early with the quiz, you can view the link on my Quia for “March Madness: Week 1”