Transcript The Vertebral Column

The
Vertebral Column
Jane Garrison, Jonn Menahem,
Mollie Miller and Eli Wang
 26 Bones
 24 vertebrae
 Sacrum
 Coccyx
 Subdivisions
 Cervical: C1 to C7
 Thoracic: T1-T12, articulate
with ribs
 Lumbar: L1-L5
 Sacral: (sacrum) single bone;
fusion of 5 embryonic vertebrae
 Coccygeal: (coccyx) small bone;
fusion of vertebrae
1.Protects the Spinal Chord
2.Supports the head
3.Point of attachment for the
ribs and musculature of back
 A typical vertebra consists of
 a body
 a vertebral arch
 articular,
 transverse
 spinous
 The bodies of the vertebrae are separated from each other by intervertebral
discs.
 Between the body and the arch is the vertebral foramen
 Form vertebral canal
 Body is mainly spongy bone and red marrow
 margins of the upper and lower surfaces consist of a ring of compact bone,
the vertebral end-plates.
 The adult vertebral column has four curved portions
 Thoracic and sacral are both concave anteriorly,
 Cervical and lumbar are both concave posteriorly
 Seven vertebrae
 Characterized by a foramen transversarium.
 The C1-atlas
 supports the skull
 The C2-axis.
 serves as a pivot for the atlas
 No body or spinous process
 Two lateral masses connected by a short anterior and a
longer posterior arch.
 Characterized by the dens (or odontoid process)
 projects upward from the body and articulates with the
anterior arch of the atlas.
 The 12 vertebrae of the thorax
 Support ribs.
 The T1 vertebra is transitional in appearance.
 T2-8 vertebra are typical thoracic vertebrae with a
kidney shaped body.
 Demifacets for the heads of the ribs are found
superiorly and inferiorly at the junction of the body
and pedicle.
 Five vertebrae
 large
 no foramina transversaria
 no costal facets
• The body is kidney shaped
• Pedicles and laminae are short and thick.
 Five (sometimes six) vertebrae fused in the adult
 Articulates with L5, the hip bones, and the coccyx.
 Roughly triangular appearance
 Four paired sacral foramina
 Median sacral crest
 modified series of spinous processes
 Vertebrae below the sacrum are fused in the adult
 resembles a miniature sacrum in shape.
 usually four vertebrae
 Where it grows*outside the soft tissue and bone of the vertebral
column
*laying on the spinal cord which will cause paralysis and
irregular
nerve singals
*Covering but not inside the spinal canal
 WHAT? rough abrasions to the spine that can
cause severe damage.
 Examples:
*
rupture of fibrocartilage in the disc
between the spinal vertebral; often occurs in the lumbar
region.
*
spinal canal narrows and compresses the
spinal cord
and surrounding nerves
*
increasing motion between vertebra,
resulting from injury to spine to the cervical spine region.
 WHAT? Vertebral column that are different than
homeostasis
 Examples
congenital defect of the vertebral
column where the spine is exposed through a gap in the
backbone.
- an abnormality of the central nervous
system in which a sac is protruding from the vertebral
column
 WHAT? Severe injuries that affect the vertebral
column
*Paralysis
*Loss of feeling
*Involuntary movement
The lumbar spine is in the inferior in terms of the
vertebral column and is attached to the pelvis and hip
joints.
→ The cervical spine is superior in terms of the vertebral
column and is connected to skull.
→ The thoracic spine is in the middle half of the vertebral
column and it is attached to the ribcage.
 Warm-up and stretch
 Hydrate
 Practice safe driving
 Safe swimming
 Avoid slips and falls
 Appropriate working conditions
Works Cited
1.
"Chapter 39: The Vertebral Column." Chapter 39: The Vertebral Column. N.p., n.d.
Web. 13 Nov. 2012.
<http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/part_7/chapter_39.html>.
2.
"Avoiding Spinal Cord Injury." Avoiding Spinal Cord Injury. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov.
2012. <http://wiki.legalexaminer.com/help-center/articles/staying-safe-andavoiding-spinal-injury.aspx>.
3.
"Human Anatomy - Vertebral Column." YouTube. YouTube, 21 Oct. 2009. Web. 13 Nov.
2012. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3AUXLkhb3Q>.
4.
"MultiCare Health System." Spine. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012.
<http://www.multicare.org/home/spine-3>.
5.
"Spinal Disk Problems - Herniated Disk Causes, Treatments, and More." WebMD.
WebMD, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://www.webmd.com/backpain/guide/understanding-spinal-disk-problems-basic-information>.
6.
N.p., 30 Nov. 1999. Web. 13 Nov. 2012.
<http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/back.html>.
7.
"Spinal Curves." Spinal Curves. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012.
<http://www.virtua.org/adam/In-Depth Reports/10/000560.htm>.