Transcript Basics of Anatomy and Physiology

Basics of Anatomy and
Physiology
Amy L. Beard
Levels of Organization
Body Cavities – not the ones in your teeth
• Dorsal Cavity – Cranial Cavity and
Vertebral Canal
• Ventral Cavity – Thoracic Cavity,
Diaphragm and Abdominopelvic Cavity
• Oral Cavity
• Nasal Cavity
• Orbital Cavities
• Middle Ear Cavities
More Cavities
• Abdominopelvic Cavity – Abdominal and
Pelvic Cavities
• Synovial Cavity – surrounds freely
moveable joints
Pictures of
Cavities –
How many
faces do
you see?
http://homepage.smc.edu/wissmann_paul/anatomy1textbook/abdominopelvicregions.gif
What organs belong to which
cavity?
• Thoracic Cavity – Heart, lungs
• Abdominal Cavity – Stomach, liver,
spleen, gall bladder, kidneys, most of
small and large intestines
• Pelvic Cavity - Terminal portion of the
large intestine, urinary bladder, internal
reproductive organs
Ventral Cavity
Cranial Cavity
Diaphragm
Abdominal
Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
Pericardial
Cavity
Pleural Cavity
Mediastinum
Thoracic Cavity
Vertebral Canal
http://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/images/BodyCavity_label.jpg
Dorsal
Cavity
Cranial
Cavity
Diaphragm
Pelvic
Cavity
Abdominal
Cavity
Vertebral
Canal
Thoracic
Cavity
http://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/images/BodyCavity2_label.jpg
Body Planes
•
•
•
•
Sagittal
Transverse
Coronal - Frontal
Oblique
http://www.yachigusaryu.com/blog/pics/top_ten_principles/10/image003.jpg
Body Sections
• Axial – Head, Neck and Trunk
• Appendicular – Upper and Lower Limbs
Axial
Appendicular
http://staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/append.gif
http://staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/axial.gif
Relative Positions
• Anatomical Position – Standing erect, face and
plams are facing forward
• Superior
• Inferior
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Medial
• Lateral
• Proximal
• Distal
• Superficial
• Deep
Protective Membranes
• Serosa (serous membrane) – covers the
walls of the ventral cavity and the outer
sufraces of organs
• Parietal Serosa – lines the cavity walls –
this folds on itself to form the Visceral
Serosa, covering the organs in the cavity
• Serous fluid – separates serous
membranes – not air