Transcript Body Organization

Anatomical Position
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hands at sides
Palms facing forward
Feet together
Front view (anterior)
Back view (posterior)
Pg. 16 Figure 1-6
http://www.emergencymedicaled.com/images/Anatomical%20Position.gif
Anatomical Position –
Supine vs. Prone
• Supine –
– Lying with the front or face and hands facing upward
• Prone –
– Lying with the front or face and hands facing downward
A. Directional Terminology
•
•
•
•
•
Superior (cephalic or cranial) vs. Inferior (caudal)
Anterior (ventral) vs. Posterior (dorsal)
Lateral vs. Medial (mesial)
Pg. 19 Table 1-3!!!
Proximal vs. Distal
Superficial vs. Deep
Superficial vs. Deep
• Superficial –
– Toward or at the body
surface
• Deep –
– Away from the body
surface
http://www.med.mun.ca/anatomy/media/overview/Comp3.jpg
Anatomical Planes/Sections
• Frontal (coronal) –
divides the body
into
anterior/posterior
parts
• Transverse
(horizontal) –
divides the body
into
superior/inferior
parts
– Also known as a
cross-section
Anatomical Planes/Sections
• Sagittal –
divides the
body into
right and left
parts
–Midline
Anatomical Directions Lab
• Lab report is due in
one week!!
• Please follow the
protocol given to you
and make sure you
have drawings or
pictures with labels.
• YES…you may use
your cell phone to take
pictures!!
Major Body Cavities & Structures
• Cavity – hollow area within the body
• Two Major Cavities:
Dorsal
• Cranial Cavity – pg. 207
• Vertebral Cavity – pg. 224
Ventral: houses a group of
internal organs (viscera);
subdivided into:
• Thoracic Cavity – ribs and
chest
• Abdominal Cavity – directly
below the diaphragm
• Pelvic Cavity – below
Abdominal Cavity
Anterior VIEW of Body Cavities
Key:
Cranial
cavity
Dorsal body cavity
Ventral body cavity
Vertebral
cavity
Thoracic
cavity
(contains
heart
and lungs)
Superior
mediastinum
Pleural
cavity
Pericardial
cavity within
the mediastinum
Diaphragm
Abdominal cavity
(contains digestive
viscera)
Abdominopelvic
cavity
Ventral
body cavity
(thoracic
and
abdominopelvic
cavities)
Pelvic cavity
(contains bladder,
reproductive organs,
and rectum)
(b) Anterior view
Figure 1.9b
Abdominopelvic REGIONS
Epi=
upon
Hypo=
low
Chondri=
cartilage
Iliac= hip
Gastric =
stomach
The 11 Body
Systems
Pages 143-149
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Nervous System
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Lymphatic System
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Urinary System
Reproductive System
Day 1
Integumentary & Skeletal Systems
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Day 1
Muscular & Nervous Systems
Muscular System
Nervous System
Day 1
Endocrine & Cardiovascular Systems
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Day 1
Lymphatic & Respiratory Systems
Lympathic System
Respiratory System
Day 1
Digestive & Urinary Systems
Digestive System
Urinary System
Day 1
Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System
Female Reproductive System
D. Clinical
Terminology
• Read “Sectional Anatomy and Clinical
Technology” pgs. 12-14 in A & P
Applications Manual.
• Radiography –
– Film records (radiographs) of internal
structures of the body made by
electromagnetic radiation (X-rays, gamma
rays, radio waves) passing through the
body to act on special film
– CT/CAT (computerized axial
tomography) –
• Imaging technique that uses X-rays to
reconstruct the body’s 3-D structure
CT/CAT scanning
machine
Day 1
D. Clinical Terminology
– PET (position emission
tomography) –
PET scan of 20-yr old’s brain
• Imaging technique that shows the
chemical functioning and structure
of organs
– MRI (magnetic resonance
imaging) –
• Imaging technique that uses a
magnetic field and radio waves to
show subtle structure differences
– Ultrasound –
Fetal ultrasound
• Imaging technique that uses brief
bursts of high-frequency sound
waves reflected by internal
structures