Transcript Sheep Brain Dissection - Mayfield City Schools

BA BA BA!!!
Sheep Brain Dissection
By:
Katelyn Stickley &
Andi Cribari
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Leathery
Strongest meninx
Surrounds and Protects the brain
2 layered sheet of fibrous connective tissue
Dura Mater
Leathery
Strongest meninx
Surrounds and Protects the brain
2 layered sheet of fibrous connective tissue
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Supported on the brain stem and is bulk of the brain
Superior grey matter that interprets sensory inputs and responds to it.
Helps with emotional and intellectual processing
Dorsal View
Cerebrum
Supported on the brain stem and is bulk of the brain
Grey matter that interprets sensory inputs and responds to it.
Helps with emotional and intellectual processing
Dorsal View
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Second largest portion of brain
 Behind medulla and pons and below occipital lobes of cerebrum
Processes info from cerebral motor cortex and from visual and
equilibrium pathways
Results in proper balance posture and smooth coordinated skeletal
muscle movement
Cerebellum
Second largest portion of brain
 Behind medulla and pons and below occipital lobes of cerebrum
Processes info from cerebral motor cortex and from visual and
equilibrium pathways
Results in proper balance posture and smooth coordinated skeletal
muscle movement
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Positioned between the cerebrum and spinal cord
From superior to inferior, regions are :
Maintains cerebral cortical alertness and filters out repetitive stimulI
 Its motor nuclei helps regulate skeletal and viscera; muscle activity
Ventral View
Brain Stem
Positioned between the cerebrum and spinal cord
From superior to inferior, regions are midbrain, pons, and medulla
oblongata
Maintains cerebral cortical alertness and filters out repetitive stimulI
 Its motor nuclei helps regulate skeletal and viscera; muscle activity
Ventral View
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Conduction pathway between higher and lower brain centers
 Relays info from cerebrum to cerebellum
Helps control respiratory rate and depth
Pons
Conduction pathway between higher and lower brain centers
 Relays info from cerebrum to cerebellum
Helps control respiratory rate and depth
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Conduction pathway between higher brain centers and spinal cord
Controls heart rate, blood vessel diameter respiratory rate vomiting,
coughing etc.
Medulla Oblongata
Conduction pathway between higher brain centers and spinal cord
Controls heart rate, blood vessel diameter respiratory rate vomiting,
coughing etc.
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Intellect and Reason as well as part of emotional control center and
home to personality
Involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory,
language, initiation, judgment, impulse control, and social and sexual
behavior.
There are important
asymmetrical differences in the
frontal lobes. The left frontal
lobe is involved in controlling
language related movement,
whereas the right frontal lobe
plays a role in non-verbal
abilities although both lobes
are involved in nearly all
behavior
Frontal Lobe
Intellect and Reason as well as part of emotional control center and home
to personality
Involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory,
language, initiation, judgment, impulse control, and social and sexual
behavior.
There are important
asymmetrical differences in the
frontal lobes. The left frontal
lobe is involved in controlling
language related movement,
whereas the right frontal lobe
plays a role in non-verbal
abilities although both lobes
are involved in nearly all
behavior
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The temporal lobes are home to the auditory cortex and
more, quite a bit with language.
Language can be affected by temporal lobe damage.
Left temporal lesions disturb recognition of words.
 Right temporal damage can cause a loss of inhibition of
talking.
The temporal lobes are highly associated
with memory skills.
Temporal Lobe
The temporal lobes are home to the auditory cortex and
more, quite a bit with language.
Language can be affected by temporal lobe damage.
Left temporal lesions disturb recognition of words.
 Right temporal damage can cause a loss of inhibition of
talking.
The temporal lobes are highly associated
with memory skills.
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The occipital lobes are the center of our visual perception
system.
The occipital lobe is involved with the brain's ability to recognize
objects. It is responsible for our vision.
Occipital Lobe
The occipital lobes are the center of our visual perception
system.
The occipital lobe is involved with the brain's ability to recognize
objects. It is responsible for our vision.
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The parietal lobes are found behind the frontal lobes, above the
temporal lobes, and at the top back of the brain. Primary
Somatosensory Cortex is in this lobe.
They are connected with the processing of nerve impulses related
to the senses, such as touch, pain, taste, pressure, and
temperature.
They also have language
functions.
Parietal Lobe
The parietal lobes are found behind the frontal lobes, above the
temporal lobes, and at the top back of the brain. Primary
Somatosensory cortex in this lobe.
They are connected with the processing of nerve impulses related
to the senses, such as touch, pain, taste, pressure, and
temperature.
They also have language
functions.
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Composed of delicate connective tissue, richly invested with tiny
blood vessels
Meninx that clings tightly to brain
Pia Mater
Composed of delicate connective tissue, richly invested with tiny
blood vessels
Meninx that clings tightly to brain
How is it going?
 If
you are using this PowerPoint to study,
let me know. Print out just the first title
slide and write, “Thanks Andi and Katelyn
for the great work” and let me know how
helpful this was, scale 1-4 (little to lots).
You must present this to me at the
beginning of the period on Monday for
your treat. Mr. Davis
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Also called the primary motor area or, most commonly, the motor
strip is immediately anterior to the central sulcus.
 It controls the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles; cell
bodies of the pyramidal tract are found on this gyrus.
Pre-Central Gyrus
Also called the primary motor area or, most commonly, the motor
strip is immediately anterior to the central sulcus.
 It controls the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles; cell
bodies of the pyramidal tract are found on this gyrus.
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Also called the primary sensory area or the sensory strip is
immediately posterior to the central sulcus
Receives sensory feedback from joints and tendons in the body
and is organized in the same manner as the motor strip
Post-Central Gyrus
Also called the primary sensory area or the sensory strip is
immediately posterior to the central sulcus
Receives sensory feedback from joints and tendons in the body
and is organized in the same manner as the motor strip
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Chief integration center for autonomic nervous system
Regulates body temp, food intake, water balance thirst, and
biological/circadian rythems and drives
Regulates hormonal output of anterior pituitary gland and is an
endocrine organ
 Part of limbic system, helps initiate physical responses to
emotions.
Hypothalamus
Chief integration center for autonomic nervous system
Regulates body temp, food intake, water balance thirst, and
biological/circadian rythems and drives
Regulates hormonal output of anterior pituitary gland and is an
endocrine organ
 Part of limbic system, helps initiate physical responses to
emotions.
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Bilateral egg shaped nuclei, conduction of sensory impulses to
cerebral cortex for interpretation,
Relays impulses to and from cerebral motor cortex and lower
motor centers including cerebellum. “Traffic Cop of Brain”
Also involved in memory processing
Thalamus
Bilateral egg shaped nuclei, conduction of sensory impulses to
cerebral cortex for interpretation,
Relays impulses to and from cerebral motor cortex and lower
motor centers including cerebellum. “Traffic Cop of Brain”
Also involved in memory processing
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Largest commissure, lies superior to lateral ventricle, deep within
longitudinal fissure. WHITE MATTER!!!
The function is to connect the left and right side of brain
The two hemispheres are physically separate and their only
connection is through the corpus callosum, a thick white band of
nerves deep within the brain
It allows the two hemispheres to
communicate and coordinate
their activities.
Corpus Callosum
Largest commissure, lies superior to lateral ventricle, deep within
longitudinal fissure. WHITE MATTER!!!
The function is to connect the left and right side of brain
The two hemispheres are physically separate and their only
connection is through the corpus callosum, a thick white band of
nerves deep within the brain
It allows the two hemispheres to
communicate and coordinate
their activities.
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Conduction pathways between higher and lower brain centers
Superior and inferior colliculi, are visual and auditory reflex
Midbrain
Conduction pathways between higher and lower brain centers
Superior and inferior colliculi, are visual and auditory reflex
Internal Views
Sagittal View
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Mediates emotional response also involved in memory process
Limbic System
Also Diencephalon is here.
Mediates emotional response also involved in memory process
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Deep to the cortical grey matter is responsible for
communication between cerebral areas and between cerebral
cortex and lower CNS centers, consists largely of myelinated
fibers bundled into large tracts
White Matter
Deep to the cortical grey matter is responsible for
communication between cerebral areas and between cerebral
cortex and lower CNS centers, consists largely of myelinated
fibers bundled into large tracts
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Contains mostly nerve cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers, also acts
as a route sensory or motor stimulus to interneurons of the CNS in
order to create a response to the stimulus through chemical synapse
activity.
These structures (cortex, deep nuclei) process information
originating in the sensory organs or in other areas of these regions.
This information is conveyed
via specialized nerve cell
extensions (long axons),
which form the bulk of the
cerebral, cerebellar, and
spinal white matter.
Grey Matter
Contains mostly nerve cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers, also acts
as a route sensory or motor stimulus to interneurons of the CNS in
order to create a response to the stimulus through chemical synapse
activity.
Grey matter structures (cortex, deep nuclei) process information
originating in the sensory organs or in other gray matter regions.
This information is conveyed
via specialized nerve cell
extensions (long axons),
which form the bulk of the
cerebral, cerebellar, and
spinal white matter.
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Deep groove which separates the two hemispheres of the brain.
It separates the cerebral hemispheres in the frontal and occipital
regions, but between these parts of the brain, it extends only as far
as the corpus callosum.
FISSURE
Longitudinal Fissure
Deep groove which separates the two hemispheres of the brain.
The longitudinal cerebral fissure separates the cerebral
hemispheres in the frontal and occipital regions, but between these
parts of the brain, the fissure extends only as far as the corpus
callosum.
FISSURE
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This is a groove (or furrow) in the brain that separates the frontal
and parietal lobes of the cerebrum.
The frontal lobe is known as the motor cortex and the parietal lobe
is known as the sensory cortex. This structure has a 'map' of the
human body on each side that corresponds to the other side, when
sensory part is stimulated, its associated motor part is right across
the sulcus.
The Central Sulcus
The central sulcus is a deep groove (or furrow) in the brain that
separates the frontal and parietal lobes of the cerebrum.
The frontal lobe is known as the motor cortex and the parietal lobe
is known as the sensory cortex. the central sulcus has a 'map' of the
human body on each side that corresponds to the other side, when
sensory part is stimulated, its associated motor part is right across
the sulcus.
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Elevated ridges of tissue
Gyri
Elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral cortex
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Shallow grooves, furroughs
Sulci
Shallow grooves, furroughs