Transcript Romanticism - Daviess County High School Band of Pride

Romanticism
Romanticism 101
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1750 – 1870
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Romanticism represented an artistic and
intellectual rebellion against the logic and reason
of Neo-Classicism.
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Romanticism emphasized intuition, imagination,
and emotion.
Romanticism
Visual Art
Romantic Art

Art during the Romantic Period reflected a
return to a love of nature and an appreciation of
freedom, emotion, sentimentality, and
spontaneity.
Eugène Delacroix. Liberty Leading the People. 1830. Oil on
canvas. 260 × 325 cm, 102.4 × 128.0 in. Louvre, Paris.
Romantic Art 101
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Philosophy
 Intuition,
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Inspiration
 Medieval

emotion, and imagination
and Baroque Eras
Color
 Unrestrained,
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deep, rich shades
Subjects
 Legends,
nature, violence
Romantic Art 101
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Genres
 Narratives
animals
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of heroic struggle, landscapes, wild
Technique
 Quick
brushstrokes, strong light-and-shade
contrasts
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Composition
 Use
of diagonal
J.M.W. Turner, The fighting Temeraire tugged to her last berth to be
broken up, 1838; Oil on canvas, National Gallery, London.
Romantic Art 101
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Painting
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Most common art form during the Romantic Era
Sculpture
Strongly influenced by the Neo-Classical style
 Swirling fabrics, strong facial expressions, and
dynamic compositions
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Romantic Art 101
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Architecture
Revival of the Gothic style and a variety of
influences, including Neo-Classical and the exotic
styles from India and the Middle East.
 The “romantic” style was left behind as the architect
started to become more focused on the turn of the
20th century
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Romantic Art 101
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Photography
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Debuted in the mid-19th century with the introduction of the
daguerreotype:
 the image is exposed directly
onto a mirror-polished
surface of silver bearing a
coating of silver halide
particles deposited by
iodine vapor.
 Predecessors took hours
to expose
Innovations in Art
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The Machine Age
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Wider range of colors became available with the use
of chemical pigments. Before, artists used earth
colors where pigments came from minerals in the
earth.
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Invention of the collapsible tin tube for paint which
made the artist’s studio more portable.
Francisco Goya
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1746 – 1828
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Lifelong rebel
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regarded both as the last of
the Old Masters and as the
first of the moderns
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Fits no “category”
Francisco Goya. The Family of Charles IV, 1800 . Oil on
canvas.
Francisco Goya
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Romantic Painter
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combining passion and emotional spirit with the
influence of war and turmoil in his Spanish
homeland.
Modern Painter
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nightmarish visions exposing the evil human nature
and original technique or slashing brushstrokes
Francisco Goya
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A near-fatal illness left him totally deaf in 1792.
during recovery, he was left isolated from
society where he began to paint demons of his
inner fantasy world.
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“The Third of May, 1808” is a response to the
slaughter of 5,000 Spanish civilians (who
revolted against the French army).
Francisco Goya. The Third of May 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of
Madrid, 1814. Oil on canvas, 266 х 345 cm. Museo del Prado, Madrid.
Francisco Goya
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In other paintings of that time, warfare was
always presented as a glorious pageant and
soldiers as heroes. Goya contrasted the victims
faces and despairing gestures with the faceless,
machine-like figures of the firing squad.
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Even though he was deaf, Goya was still able to
passionately communicate his strong feelings
about the brutality and dehumanization of war.
Francisco Goya
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Black paintings
Paintings of satire he did on the walls of his villa,
Quinta del Sordo (house of the Deaf).
 Fourteen large murals in black, brown, and gray.
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Died in France, in self-imposed exile.
Saturn Devouring his Son, 1819.
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The title, like all those given
to the Black Paintings, was
assigned by others after
Goya's death.
John Constable
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1776 – 1837
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Was not well-received until later
in his career.
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Known for his landscape
paintings
 Believed landscapes should be
based on observation
John Constable.
Dedham Vale
1802.
Oil on canvas.
145 x 122 cm.
Victoria and Albert
Museum, London.
John Constable. The Hay Wain. 1821. Oil on canvas. 130 × 185 cm,
51.2 × 72.8 in. Nation Gallery, London..
John Constable. Salisbury Cathedral. 1825. Oil on canvas.
John Constable. Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows. 1829. Oil on canvas.
151.8 × 189.9 cm. Nation Gallery, London..
Romanticism
Music
Richard Wagner
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1813 – 1883
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German composer
known for his operas or
“musical dramas”
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Considered as a selftaught musician
Wagner’s Vision
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Wrote several essays describing his ideas on
operas
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“The Artwork of the Future” in 1849 and “Opera un
Drama” in 1850
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Idea of Gesamtkunstwerk, which is German for
"total," "integrated," or "complete artwork"
The Ring Cycle
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Der Ring Nibelungen or “The Ring of the Nibelung”
www.utexas.edu/courses/wagner/home.html
Four piece opera Wagner started in 1853 while in
exile.
14 ½ hours long
Was not completed until 1876 when it premiered at
the Bayreuth Festpielhaus.
Even though is was a successful artistic piece, it was a
financial disaster because of the money put into it.
Tristan and Isolde
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Opera which halted Wagner’s work on The Ring
Cycle.
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Written in 1856 and premiered in 1865.
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Inspired by his emotions and affair with
Mathilde Wesendonk, the wife of a Swiss
industrialist and one of Wagner’s patrons.
Wagner’s Vision
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Wagner was critical of the opera of his time
which he felt emphasized the music too heavily
and did not contain quality drama. He placed
great importance on "mood setting" elements,
such as a darkened theater, sound effects, and
seating arrangements which focused the
attention of the audience on the stage,
completely immersing them in the imaginary
world of the music drama.
Wagner’s Vision
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Wagner spent much time and money to build an
opera house suitable to stage his work.
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Bayreuth Festpielhaus or “Festival House”
 Recessed orchestra pit that puts the orchestra
completely out of sight from the audience so that
they could concentrate just on the stage.
 Double proscenium that gave the illusion of more
space between the audience and the stage.
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
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1840 – 1893
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Russian composer
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Known for his
contributions to classical
ballet
Tchaikovsky - Childhood
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Interested in music at an
early age but his parents
encouraged him to be a
lawyer. His first
composition was written
at age 4, for his mother.
He began piano lessons
at age 5.
Tchaikovsky - Youth
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Attended law school for 9 years, where he
began composing. He also sang in the choir.
He graduated law school and became a law
clerk. After 4 years he resigned to attend the
St. Petersburg Conservatory to study harmony,
composition, form, orchestration, flute and
organ. He graduated after 3 years.
Tchaikovsky’s Music
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His compositions contained many Russian folk
tunes.
His music was very nationalistic.
He wrote:
3 ballets
 11 operas
 8 symphonies
 4 orchestral suites
 Many other works
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Tchaikovsky - Works
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Swan Lake
His first ballet.
 Completed in 1875.
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The Sleeping Beauty
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Commissioned ballet in 1889
The Nutcracker
Most celebrated work.
 1890
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Tchaikovsky
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Tchaikovsky’s music caused ballet to become an
entity all it’s own. It no longer was a part of
opera but became a separate art form. This was
due to the connection Tchaikovsky created
between the music and the dance.
Romanticism
Dance
Golden Age of Ballet
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La Sylphide
world’s oldest romantic ballet
 first performed in Paris in 1832
 defined changes in theme, style, technique and
costume
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Golden Age of Ballet
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1832
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Ballerinas started to wear calf-length tutus and
pointe shoes to communicate a sense of
weightlessness and grace while male dancers
were there just to assist.
Golden Age of Ballet
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1862
Marius Petipa is named choreographer-in-chief
of the St. Petersburg Imperial Theatre where he
produces 60 full length ballets, including Sleeping
Beauty and Swan Lake. Petipa introduces
dramatic changes to the form, integrating music,
set and costumes.
 Shifting the focus from the prima ballerina to the
powerful male dance.
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Romanticism
Theatre
Romantic Theatre
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Appreciation for folklore and the translation and
rise in popularity of Shakespeare
Rise in American Theatre
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Continental Congress banned theatre during the
Revolutionary War. After the war, theatres were
built but not without objections from the
Puritans. High religious people saw the theatre
as a devilish diversion and believed most actors
to be “universally vicious.”
Rise in American Theatre
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The popularity of stars came about from the
tendency for theatre companies to tour.
Sometimes performances had to be held in
dining rooms or barns where no proper theatre
existed in towns.
The Golden Age of Theatre is considered to be
about 1890-1910 when there were 420 theatre
companies touring.
Melodrama
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relies heavily on sensationalism and
sentimentality.
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tends to feature:
action more than motivation
 stock characters
 strict view of morality in which good triumphs over
evil
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Melodrama
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Formula
1.
2.
3.
a villain poses a threat
the hero escapes the threat (or rescues the heroine)
there is a happy ending.