Transcript Chapter 2: Text - Yaqoob Al

Outline
Word Choice
Fonts and
Faces
Text on PC
and Mac
Text’s role in
multimedia
projects
Defining
Hypermedia
Introduction
The Power of Meaning
0 Give the meaning of the following words:
The Power of Meaning
Barbie
The Power of Meaning
Green
The Power of Meaning
The Power of Meaning
0 Words can carry more than one meaning that can
trigger different emotions.
0 Good word choice is essential when designing
multimedia. Navigation and menus depend heavily on
text.
0 Word choice depends on a number of factors:
Demographic – Culture (Norms) – Language
Fonts and Faces
0 Typeface: a family of graphic characters that usually
includes many type sizes and styles.
0 Font: is a collection of characters of a single size and
style belonging to a particular typeface family.
0 Styles: Bold or Italic
0 Attributes: Underlining, strokes, font size, color etc..
Dissecting Text
Kerning
0 the process of adjusting
the spacing between
characters in a
proportional font,
usually to achieve a
visually pleasing result.
Tracking
0 The consistent degree of
increase (or sometimes
decrease) of space
between letters to affect
density in a line or block
of text.
Serif +Sans Serif
0 Serif:
0 Used in printed media for large blocks of text
(newspapers, magazines, novels etc..)
0 Sans serif:
0 Large Advertisements
0 Newspaper Headlines
0 Web content
Task:
0 Working in pairs or threes,
think about what kind of
messages these typefaces
can convey.
0 Time?
0 Theme?
0 Where?
Designing with Text
0 Presentations:
0 Font size 18 or larger
0 Bullet Points
0 Short sentences
0 Websites:
0 Crammed text on the screen is common
0 Clear design and columns
0 Font size can be 10-12 points and be acceptable.
Choosing Fonts
0 For small type, use
the most legible font
available. Decorative
fonts that cannot be
read are useless, as
shown at right.
Choosing Fonts
0 Use as few different faces
as possible in the same
work.
0 Vary the weight and size of
your typeface using italic
and bold styles where they
look good.
0 Using too many fonts on
the same page is called
ransom-note typography.
Choosing Fonts
0 Pick the fonts that seem
right to you for getting your
message across, then
double-check your choice
against other opinions.
0 Learn to accept criticism.
0 (Never use Comic Sans)
Text tips
0 Use meaningful words or phrases for links and menu
items.
0 Text links on web pages can accent your message:
they normally stand out by color and underlining.
0 Bold or emphasize text to highlight ideas or concepts,
but do not make text look like a link or a button when
it is not.
Reading Text
0 Printed media is easier to read than on a monitor.
Fonts Wars
Adobe PostScript
0 PostScript is a method of describing an image in terms
of mathematical constructs (Bézier curves), so it is
used not only to describe the individual characters of
a font but also to describe entire illustrations and
whole pages of text.
0 It can be easily scaled bigger or smaller so it looks
right.
TrueType
0 A joint effort between Apple and Microsoft to create a
faster font methodology.
OpenType
0 Developed in 2007, OpenType is a free publicly
available international standard of fonts which can be
installed on any system.
Hypertext
0 Indexed hypertext makes web search possible.
0 Software robots visit millions of web pages and index
entire web sites.
Searching for Words
0 Categories Selecting or limiting the documents,
pages, or fields of text within which to search for a
word or words.
0 Word relationships Searching for words according to
their general proximity and order. For example, you
might search for “birthday” and “cake” only when they
occur on the same page or in the same paragraph.
Searching for Words
0 Adjacency Searching for words occurring next to one
another, usually in phrases and proper names. For
instance, find “widow” only when “black” is the
preceding adjacent word.
0 Alternates Applying an OR criterion to search for two
or more words, such as “bacon” or “eggs.”
0 Association Applying an AND criterion to search for
two or more words, such as “skiff,” “tender,” “dinghy,”
and “rowboat.”
Searching for Words
0 Negation Applying a NOT criterion to search exclusively
for references
to a word that are not associated with the word. For
example, find all occurrences of “paste” when “library” is not
present in the same sentence.
0 Truncation Searching for a word with any of its possible
suffixes. For example, to find all occurrences of “girl” and
“girls,” you may need to specify something like girl#.
Multiple character suffixes can be managed with another
specifier, so geo* might yield “geo,” “geology,” and
“geometry,” as well as “George.”
Searching for Words
0 Intermediate words Searching for words that occur
between what might normally be adjacent words,
such as a middle name or initial in a proper name.
0 Frequency Searching for words based on how often
they appear: the more times a term is mentioned in a
document, the more relevant the document is to this
term.
Hypermedia Structures
0 Hypertext systems consist of:
0 Links: connections between the conceptual elements of
the system.
0 Nodes: consist of text, graphics, sounds, or related
information in the knowledge base.
Links
0 Link anchor: Where you come from when clicking a
link to another page or document.
0 Link end: is the destination node linked to the anchor.
Homework
0 Take 75 minutes to do the following:
0 Visit at least 5 different websites (News, Educational,
Social Media, Entertainment, Commercial)
0 Analyze the text (size, font, colors, amount of text on
screen)
0 Write a brief report describing which of the websites
was best designed from your point of view.