Transcript Sketch Engine

Today
• Listening test
• Corpus linguistics talk, Part 3
• News task
• NEOs
• Life on Mars
The coloured pens method
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arity, which will be used to take a
from outside. You are invited to a
tion, we believe politicians of all
ould be reaching agreement with all
lack people. I have certainly been
. These should be discussed by both
presents They had hosted a cocktail
akes. By midnight the end-of-course
e should be a right for the injured
by the Safran Peoples ' Liberation
s. Ahead I could see the rest of my
cial ethic. The two main political
ritish successes in Perth The small
to help control. One member of the
rket society fashion magazine. The
security and secrecy than any Tory
1 political association
2 social event
3 group of people
Slide: 2
party of under-privileged children to D
party and after a couple of drinks you d
parties will listen to our views. &equo
parties concerned, as to which events,
party to one or two discussions amongst
parties before entering into the relatio
party at Kensington palace, for example
party is in full swing, but most cadet
party to terminate the contract. A mana
Party. This presents the powerful neigh
party plodding towards the final slope t
parties - the Tories and the Liberals party of British players competing in th
party went to summon the rescue team and
party was held at his flat which was a l
Party Conference : it seems that bootleg
4 person in an agreement/dispute
5 to be party to something...
Kilgarriff, Lexical Computing
Taiwan, Dec 2006
Age 2: limitations
as corpora get bigger:
too much data
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50 lines for a word: read all
500 lines: could read all, takes a long time
5000 lines: impossible
Slide: 3
Kilgarriff, Lexical Computing
Taiwan, Dec 2006
Taiwan, Dec 2006
Why do corpora keep getting
bigger? (anyone?)
• Improvements in technology
– Price of storage is going down
– Speed of access is going up
• Representativeness
– Small corpus  many examples of
common words, maybe
– But not enough examples of unusual
words
Lexical distribution
• What’s the most common word in English?
• What % does it make up of a whole corpus?
• The 100 most common words make up __% of
all the words in a corpus?
• The 7500 most common words make up __%
• Answers:
– The, 5%, 45% and 90%
• So:
– you need massive corpora, if you want to really
represent rare words properly
Limitation of KWIC analysis
• As corpora get bigger: too much data
– 50 lines for a word: read all
– 500 lines: could read all, takes a long time
– 5000 lines: no
• Instead, look at a Word Sketch from
Sketch Engine
– a statistical summary of word usage
– shows most common collocates
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Taiwan, Dec 2006
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Taiwan, Dec 2006
Functions of SkE
• KWIC concordance
– Sorting, filtering etc
• Word sketch
• Automatic thesaurus
• Sketch difference
– discriminate near-synonyms
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Lexical approach to language
learning
• Lewis (1993) and Schmitt (2000) say
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the vocab is stored in the brain in collocations
Bacon is stored near eggs
蛋 is stored near 炒飯
scotch is stored with whisky
• Saying strong car or powerful tea or broken
house seems very “foreign”
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From www.teachingenglish.org - a lexical
approach activity, based on a story text
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SkE homework this week
• Choose 5 words from either source
• Check the words in the Thesaurus of Sketch
Engine
• Look at the top 4 “synonyms” and try to
answer:
1. Are the 4 words
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Really synonyms?
Antonyms (=opposites)?
Near synonyms
Some other relationship?
No relationship?
2. Why has Sketch Engine selected these
words, do you think? (2 or 3 sentences
altogether)
• Email your answers to
[email protected] before Sunday
News task
• Write in your exercise book
• Write 3/4 paragraphs (NOT numbered)
– Introduction
– Body
– Conclusion
• You should include the answers to the
following questions:
– Where? When? What? Who? Why?
– But DO NOT only give direct answers!
Recipes
• Dictation
• Chicken Kiev
• In groups: either
– Find a recipe you like, on the web
– Or make your own recipe and write it
down
Planets
• How many are there?
• http://science.nationalgeographic.co
m/science/space/solar-system
• Groups: p137 questions
NEO questions
• What does NEO stand for?
• What damage do you think a large
NEO would cause if it collided with
Earth?
• What happened in the two previous
hits (mentioned in the article)?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_
UElKiKVfpA
NEOs
• What can scientists do to prevent an
NEO disaster?
• What can governments do?
Vocabulary: pairs
• Students A
– p138
• Students B
– p139