Transcript ten words in context

Unit Five: Chapter 27
• cryptic
• inhibition
• deficient
• ironic
• depict
• rupture
• detrimental
• saturate
• implicit
• vindictive
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
1 cryptic
– adjective
• Whenever I ask Tomas what’s happening in his life, he always
gives the same cryptic reply: “It’s a green world, my friend.”
• Next to the dead woman’s body was a cryptic note that said,
“Not now.”
Cryptic means
A. cruel.
B. puzzling.
C. humorous.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
1 cryptic
– adjective
• Whenever I ask Tomas what’s happening in his life, he always
gives the same cryptic reply: “It’s a green world, my friend.”
• Next to the dead woman’s body was a cryptic note that said,
“Not now.”
Cryptic means
A. cruel.
B. puzzling.
C. humorous.
Each item gives an example of a puzzling statement.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
2 deficient
– adjective
• When people have too little iron in their blood, it sometimes
means that their diet is also deficient in iron.
• Gil’s manners are deficient. For example, I’ve never heard him
thank anyone for anything.
Deficient means
A. lacking.
B. sensitive.
C. increasing.
Desserts that are filled with calories
but deficient in nutritional value
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
2 deficient
– adjective
• When people have too little iron in their blood, it sometimes
means that their diet is also deficient in iron.
• Gil’s manners are deficient. For example, I’ve never heard him
thank anyone for anything.
Deficient means
A. lacking.
B. sensitive.
C. increasing.
Desserts that are filled with calories
but deficient in nutritional value
If people have too little iron, their
diet must be lacking in iron. If Gil
never thanks anyone for anything,
his manners must be lacking.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
3 depict
– verb
• The painting depicts a typical nineteenth-century summer day in
the park.
• Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin depicted the
cruelty of slavery so forcefully that the book helped to begin the
Civil War.
Depict means
A. to hide.
B. to show.
C. to predict.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
3 depict
– verb
• The painting depicts a typical nineteenth-century summer day in
the park.
• Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin depicted the
cruelty of slavery so forcefully that the book helped to begin the
Civil War.
Depict means
A. to hide.
B. to show.
C. to predict.
A painting would show a scene in the park. A novel would show the
cruelty of slavery.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
4 detrimental
– adjective
• Do you think all television is detrimental to children, or are some
programs a positive influence on them?
• The gases from automobiles and factories have been so
detrimental to the environment that some of the damage may be
permanent.
Detrimental means
A. useful.
B. new.
C. damaging.
A habit that is detrimental
to one’s health
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
4 detrimental
– adjective
• Do you think all television is detrimental to children, or are some
programs a positive influence on them?
• The gases from automobiles and factories have been so
detrimental to the environment that some of the damage may be
permanent.
Detrimental means
A. useful.
B. new.
C. damaging.
A habit that is detrimental
to one’s health
The words positive influence contrast
with the idea that television is
damaging to children. In the second
item, the word damage suggests that
detrimental means “damaging.”
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
5 implicit
– adjective
• When the gangster growled, “I’m sure you want your family to
stay healthy,” Harris understood the implicit threat.
• Although it’s never been said, there’s an implicit understanding
that Carla will be promoted when Earl finally retires.
Implicit means
A. playful.
B. modern.
C. unspoken.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
5 implicit
– adjective
• When the gangster growled, “I’m sure you want your family to
stay healthy,” Harris understood the implicit threat.
• Although it’s never been said, there’s an implicit understanding
that Carla will be promoted when Earl finally retires.
Implicit means
A. playful.
B. modern.
C. unspoken.
The gangster's words are an unspoken threat to Harris’s family. In the
second item, if the understanding has “never been said,” it is unspoken.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
6 inhibition
– noun
• A two-year-old has no inhibitions about running around naked.
• Sarah’s family is openly affectionate, with no inhibitions about
hugging or kissing in public.
Inhibition means
A. an inner block.
B. a habit.
C. a purpose.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
6 inhibition
– noun
• A two-year-old has no inhibitions about running around naked.
• Sarah’s family is openly affectionate, with no inhibitions about
hugging or kissing in public.
Inhibition means
A. an inner block.
B. a habit.
C. a purpose.
A two-year-old has no inner blocks against running around naked—or
against doing almost anything. If Sarah’s family is openly affectionate,
they must have no inner blocks against hugging and kissing in public.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
7 ironic
– adjective
• It’s ironic that Loretta is such a strict mother, because she was
certainly wild in her youth.
• “The Gift of the Magi” is a short story with an ironic twist: A
woman sells her long hair to buy a chain for her husband’s watch,
while her husband sells his watch to buy ornaments for her hair.
Ironic means
A. unexpected.
B. inadequate.
C. reasonable.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
7 ironic
– adjective
• It’s ironic that Loretta is such a strict mother, because she was
certainly wild in her youth.
• “The Gift of the Magi” is a short story with an ironic twist: A
woman sells her long hair to buy a chain for her husband’s watch,
while her husband sells his watch to buy ornaments for her hair.
Ironic means
A. unexpected.
B. inadequate.
C. reasonable.
If Loretta was wild in her youth, it would be unexpected that she is a
strict mother. In the second item, it would be unexpected that each
character would sell the very thing that would make useless the gift
the other person bought.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
8 rupture
– verb
• If the dam were to rupture, the town would disappear under
many feet of water.
• The bulge in the baby’s stomach was caused by a muscle wall
that had ruptured and would have to be repaired.
Rupture means
A. to heal.
B. to exist.
C. to come apart.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
8 rupture
– verb
• If the dam were to rupture, the town would disappear under
many feet of water.
• The bulge in the baby’s stomach was caused by a muscle wall
that had ruptured and would have to be repaired.
Rupture means
A. to heal.
B. to exist.
C. to come apart.
The town would only disappear under water if the dam were to come
apart. In the second item, if the muscle had to be repaired, it must
have come apart.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
9 saturate
– verb
• Most people like their cereal crunchy, but Teresa lets hers sit until
the milk has saturated every piece.
• Studying history for three hours saturated my brain—I couldn’t
have absorbed one more bit of information.
Saturate means
A. to protect.
B. to empty.
C. to fill.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
9 saturate
– verb
• Most people like their cereal crunchy, but Teresa lets hers sit until
the milk has saturated every piece.
• Studying history for three hours saturated my brain—I couldn’t
have absorbed one more bit of information.
Saturate means
A. to protect.
B. to empty.
C. to fill.
In contrast with people who like their cereal crunchy, Teresa lets hers
absorb milk until the milk fills every piece. In the second item, if the
speaker’s brain couldn’t absorb any more information, the information
must have filled his or her brain.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
10 vindictive
– adjective
• If a woman refuses to date my older brother, he becomes
vindictive. One way he takes revenge is to forward her all his
junk e-mail.
• After she was given two weeks’ notice, the vindictive employee
intentionally infected all the office computers with a virus.
Vindictive means
A. sympathetic.
B. spiteful.
C. puzzling.
TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
10 vindictive
– adjective
• If a woman refuses to date my older brother, he becomes
vindictive. One way he takes revenge is to forward her all his
junk e-mail.
• After she was given two weeks’ notice, the vindictive employee
intentionally infected all the office computers with a virus.
Vindictive means
A. sympathetic.
B. spiteful.
C. puzzling.
In the first item, the word revenge suggests that the brother becomes
spiteful when a woman refuses to date him. In the second item, if the
employee intentionally infected all the office computers, she was being
spiteful for being given notice.