Transcript How do you remember new words?

Chapter 2:
Vocabulary
Bridging the Gap, 9/e
Brenda Smith
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
In This Chapter You Will Answer the Questions:
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How do you remember new words?
What are context clues?
Why learn prefixes, roots, and suffixes?
What will you find in a dictionary?
What is a glossary?
What is a thesaurus?
What are analogies?
What are acronyms?
How are transitional words used?
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Remembering New Words
• Use Mnemonic Devices
• Example: To remember that
suppression means “to force out bad
thoughts,” visualize SUPerman PRESSing
evil thoughts away. Or remember the
Superman movies.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Remembering New Words
• Associate Words in Phrases
• Associate Words with Rhymes
or Sounds
• Associate Words with Images
• Associate Words in Families
• Seek Reinforcement
• Create Concept Cards
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Using Context Clues
• Definition or Synonym
• Elaborating Details
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Examples
Comparison
Contrast
Antonyms
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Understanding the Structure of Words
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Prefixes
Suffixes
Roots
Word Families
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Using a Dictionary
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Guide Words.
Pronunciation.
Part of Speech.
Spellings.
Origin.
Multiple Meanings.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Word Origins - Etymology
• Bribe means - Favor or money
given for influence
• Origin - French bread given to a
beggar
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Using a Glossary
A glossary is usually found at the
end of a book or chapter.
Sometimes the glossary and the
index are combined.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Using a Thesaurus
Suggested Synonyms for Common Words
Guilt
Delinquency
Fault
Misconduct
Shame
Transgression
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Using Analogies
• Analogies are comparisons that
call upon your word knowledge
and your ability to see
relationships.
• You can use these relationships to
figure out a word.
• Example: Trash is to refuse as soil is to dirt. OR
Fork is to eat as television is to entertain.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Reader’s Tip: Categories of Analogy
Relationships
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Synonyms
Antonyms
Function, use, or purpose
Classification
Characteristics and descriptions
Degree
Part to whole
Cause and effect
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Analogies (Synonyms)
Synonyms: similar in meaning
Example: Find is to locate as
hope is to wish.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Analogies (Antonyms)
Antonyms: Opposite in meaning
Example: Accept is to reject as
rude is to polite.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Analogies (Function)
Function, use, or purpose:
Identifies what something does,
watch for the object (noun) and
then the action (verb).
Example: Pool is to swim as
blanket is to warm.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Easily Confused Words
• Homonyms: bear the burden and
bear the animal
• Other examples:
– You’re, your
– Stationary, stationery
– There, their, they’re
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Recognizing Acronyms
• An acronym is an abbreviation
that is pronounced as a word.
• What do these acronyms mean?
– ATV
– SCUBA
– MRI
– UNICEF
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Recognizing Transitional Words
Transitional words connect ideas
and signal the direction of a
writer’s thought.
• “In addition”– signals a
continuation
• “But” or “However” – signals a
change
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Reader’s Tip:
Types of Transitional Words
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Addition
Example
Time Sequence
Comparison
Contrast
Cause and Effect
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Summary Points
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How do you remember new words?
What are context clues?
Why learn prefixes, roots, and suffixes?
What will you find in a dictionary?
What is a glossary?
What is a thesaurus?
What are analogies?
What are acronyms?
How are transitional words used?
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Search the Net
For suggested Web sites and
other research activities, go to
http://www.ablongman.com/smith/
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers
Vocabulary Booster
• Complete the
Vocabulary Booster
“Over, Under, Around,
and Through.”
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers