Transcript Pain

Sensation and Perception
Q: What is the origin of knowledge?
Empiricism- tabula rasa (Locke)
distal vs proximal stimulus
associations
Nativism- innate faculties (Kant)
Distal S>>physical energy>>proximal S>>
Transduction>>neural code>>consciousness of S
Psychophysics: Fechner- measure the difference in physical
changes necessary to produce a psychological differencejust noticeable difference (jnd)
Weber’s law: jnd is based on proportional (percentage)
differences in physical magnitudes; Weber’s constant
Signal Detection Theory: Response bias, hit, miss, false alarm,
personal criterion, pay-off matrix
Pain :Sensory-discriminative vs.
motivational-emotional
Prostaglandins (cox 1,2)
Placebo
Analgesia, Hypoalgesia
Endorphin, Enkephalin
Morphine, Naloxone
Acupuncture
Pain receptors in the skin
Outer
layer of
skin
Deeper
layer of
skin
Pain pathways
Amygdala
PAG – Periaqueductal Gray
Pain- inhibitory system: Melzack & Wall – “gate-control”