Transcript Organ System Interrelationships

Organisms
Organ Systems – Working Together
• There are many different organs in the body: the
liver, kidneys, heart, even your skin is an organ
• Organ Systems are composed of two or more
different organs that work together to provide a
common function.
• There are 10 major organ systems in the human
body (only 7 listed below. Not listed: Endocrine,
Reproductive, Lymphatic/Immune Systems)
Skeletal System:
Major Role:
The main role of the skeletal system is to
provide support for the body, to protect
delicate internal organs and to provide
attachment sites for the organs.
Major Organs:
Bones, cartilage, tendons and ligaments.
Muscular System:
Major Role:
The main role of the muscular system is to
provide movement. Muscles work in pairs
to move limbs and provide the organism
with mobility. Muscles also control the
movement of materials through some
organs, such as the stomach and intestine,
and the heart and circulatory system.
Major Organs:
Skeletal muscles and smooth muscles
throughout the body.
Circulatory System:
Major Role:
The main role of the circulatory
system is to transport nutrients,
gases (such as oxygen and CO2),
hormones and wastes through
the body.
Major Organs:
Heart, blood vessels and blood.
Nervous System:
Major Role:
The main role of the nervous system is
to relay electrical signals through the
body. The nervous system directs
behavior and movement and, along
with the endocrine system, controls
physiological processes such as
digestion, circulation, etc.
Major Organs:
Brain, spinal cord and peripheral
nerves.
Respiratory System:
Major Role:
The main role of the respiratory system
is to provide gas exchange between the
blood and the environment. Primarily,
oxygen is absorbed from the
atmosphere into the body and carbon
dioxide is expelled from the body.
Major Organs:
Nose, trachea and lungs.
Digestive System:
Major Role:
The main role of the digestive
system is to breakdown and
absorb nutrients that are
necessary for growth and
maintenance.
Major Organs:
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and
large intestines.
Excretory System:
Major Role:
The main role of the excretory
system is to filter out cellular
wastes, toxins and excess water
or nutrients from the
circulatory system.
Major Organs:
Kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.
Medical and Applied Sciences
• Cardiology – study of the heart and vascular
system
• Dermatology – study of the skin
• Endocrinology - study of hormones , hormonesecreting glands, and associated diseases.
• Epidemiology – study of the factors that contribute
to determining the distribution and frequency of
health-related conditions.
Medical and Applied Sciences
• Gastroenterology – study of the stomach and
intestines
• Geriatrics – Branch of medicine dealing with
older individuals and their medical problems
• Gynecology – study of the female
reproductive system
• Hematology – study of blood and blood
diseases.
Medical and Applied Sciences
• Histology – study of the structure and function
of tissues (microscopic anatomy)
• Immunology – study of the body’s resistance
to disease
• Neonatology – study of newborns and the
treatment of their disorders
• Nephrology – study of the structure and
function of the kidneys
Medical and Applied Sciences
• Neurology – study of the brain and nervous
system
• Obstetrics – branch of medicine dealing with
pregnancy and childbirth
• Oncology – study of cancer
• Ophthalmology – study of the eye and eye
disease
• Otolaryngology – study of the ear, throat,
larynx, and their diseases
Medical and Applied Sciences
• Pathology – study of structural and functional
changes within the body associated with
disease
• Pediatrics – branch of medicine dealing with
children and their diseases
• Pharmacology – study of drugs and their uses
in the treatment of disease
• Podiatry – study of the care and treatment of
the feet
Medical and Applied Sciences
• Psychiatry – branch of medicine dealing with
the mind and its disorders
• Radiology – Study of X rays and radioactive
substances
• Toxicology – study of poisonous substances
and their effects on physiology
• Urology – branch of medicine dealing with the
urinary and male reproductive systems and
their diseases