Transcript Dermatology Chapter VI - Cosmetic Therapy Training Center

Dermatology Chapter VI
Vickie l Mickey, CT
Dermatology
• Dermatology is science of the diseases of the
skin and the treatment of the disorders
• A dermatologist is a physician who specialists
in the treatment of skin diseases
Skin Diseases and Disorders
• The presence of lesions or inflammation of the
skin poses issues to the electrologist as to
whether to treat or not to treat a site
• When in doubt – don’t!!!
• Pre-treatment skin disorders are to be noted
on chart
Lesions
• Structural or functional change in tissue due
to disease or injury
• Primary Lesion – appears immediately upon
injury or advent of disease
• Secondary Lesion – follow primary lesion
• Scare would be a secondary lesion
• Tertiary Lesion - vascular
Primary Lesion
• Change in skin color, flat, non-palpable, solid
mass
• Macule – small discolored patch on skin (e.g..
Freckle
• Papule – small elevated, pimple in skin
containing no fluid but may develop pus
• Wheal – itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a
few hours
Primary Lesion
• Tubercle – solid lump larger than a papule that
projects above or under the surface of the skin,
larger than a papule
• Varies in size from a pea to that varies in size and
a hickory nut
• Tumor – external swelling that varies in size color
or shape
• Vesicle – clear-fluid filled blister within the skin
or just beneath the epidermis (e.g. poison ivy
blister)
Primary Lesion
• Bulla – blister containing a watery fluid, similar
to a vesicle however it is larger
• Pustule – skin elevation with inflammation,
contains pus
Secondary Lesions
• Lesion that has progressed to a later disease
state usually characterized by material
building up
• Crust – accumulation of sebum and mixed
with pus ( e.g. a scab)
• Excoriation - a skin sore or abrasion produced
by scratching ( e.g. a raw surface due to loss of
superficial skin after an injury
Secondary Lesions
• Fissure – crack in skin penetrating the derma
(e.g. Chapped hands or lips)
• Ulcer – open lesion on the skin
Tertiary Lesions
• Vascular lesion – characterized by tiny blood
vessels that have ruptured in the skin
• Telangiectasis
• Echymosis
Macules
Lesions
• Usually are signs of a primary disorder except
in isolated cases
• Causes of lesions: Congenital - inherited
Seasonal Disorder - heat
rash
Parasitic - ring worm
Pathogenic – bacterial
Systemic – disease caused
Lesions
• Lesions may be similar however they make
diagnosis difficult
• Lesions other than common ones makes it
very difficult to diagnosis
• When in doubt refer to a physician or
dermatologist
General Lesions
• The following list is a general guide of lesions
that the electrologist must be able to
recognize
• Simple pimples or pustules pose no problem
as long as they are not treated themselves
• Patients are often aware of the cause of the
lesion process, if the disorder does not involve
an infection or is contagious you may treat the
surround areas
General Lesions
• Macule – spot or distinct pigment change in
the skin
• Freckles – flat colored spots on skin
• Leukoderma – loss of pigment on skin
• Liver Spots – hyper-pigmentation
• Flat pigmented moles
Macule
• A distinctly discolored spot on skin
• Can be raised or sunken
• Common macules are:
a. freckles
b. chloasma ( liver spots)
c. flat pigmented moles
Papules
• Papule is small, elevated pimple in the skin
that contains no fluid but may develop pus
becoming a pustule
Wheal
• Wheal is a small itchy, swollen lesion, caused
by an insect bite (mosquito), blow or scratch
• Can be associated with hives