Transcript Week 6 Notes The Outer Planets

Week 6 Notes
The Outer Planets
Ch. 3, Section 4
Page 94 – 101
I. GAS GIANTS AND PLUTO
a. The __4__ Outer Planets are ___JUPITER__, __SATURN__, __URANUS__, and __NEPTUNE__
b. These planets do not have __SOLID__ surfaces and are called __GAS GIANTS__
c. Gas Giants are made up of mainly __HYDROGEN__ and __HELIUM__
d. __GAS GIANTS__ exert a stronger __GRAVTIATIONAL__ force than the __TERRESTRIAL__
planets
e. __GRAVITY__ keeps the gases from __ESCAPING__
f. Gas Giants are made up of __LIQUID__ for of the gas due to the enormous __PRESSURE__
g. All of the gas giants have many __MOONS__ and a set of __RINGS__
h. A __RING__ is a thin disk of small particles of __ICE__ and __ROCK__
II. JUPITER
a. __JUPITER__ is the largest and most __MASSIVE__ planet
b. Jupiter’s __MASS__ is __2 ½ __ times that all the other planets
combined
A. Jupiter’s Atmosphere
a. Jupiter has a thick __ATMOSPHERE__ made up mainly of
__HYDROGEN__ and __HELIUM__
b. The __GREAT__ __RED__ __SPOT__ is a storm that is larger than
__EARTH__
c. Unlike a __HURRICANE__ this storm does not weaken, it has been going
strong since the __MID-1600’s__
B. Jupiter’s Structure
a. The __CORE__ is made of __ROCK__ and __IRON__ and the __MANTLE__ is __LIQUID__ gas
b. The pressure at Jupiter’s __CORE__ is about __30 MILLION__ times greater than the pressure
at __EARTH”S__ surface
C. Jupiter’s Moons
a. __GALILEO__ discovered Jupiter’s __4__ largest moons
b. The 4 moons are __IO__, __EUROPA__, __GANYMEDE__, and __CALLISTO__
c. All 4 moons are __LARGER__ than __EARTH’S__ moon
d. Jupiter has __63__ moons
III. SATURN
a. The __SECOND__ largest planet in the __SOLAR SYSTEM__
b. Saturn is the only planet whose average __DENSITY__ is __LESS__ than __WATER__
A. Saturn’s Rings
a. The rings are made of chunks of __ICE__ and __ROCKS__, each traveling in its own __ORBIT__
b. Saturn’s __RINGS__ are broad and thin, like a __CD__
B. Saturn’s Moons
a. __TITAN__ is larger than the planet __MERCURY__
b. __SATURN__ has __56__ moons
IV. Uranus
a. Uranus is __TWICE__ as far from the __SUN__ as __SATURN__, so it’s much
__COLDER__
b. Uranus has traces of __METHANE__ in its atmosphere
c. Uranus has thin, flat __RINGS__
A. Discovery of Uranus
a. William __HERSCHEL__ found the 1st __PLANET__ since
ancient times in __1781__
b. Herschel became __FAMOUS__ and started a new era of active
__EXPLORATION__
B. Exploring Uranus
a. __VOYAGER 2__ showed Uranus __ROTATES__ in about
__17__ hours
b. Uranus’s __AXIS__ of rotation is __TILTED__ at an angle of
__90__ degrees
c. Astronomers think that __BILLION__ of years ago Uranus
was __HIT__ by an __OBJECT__ that knocked it to its
__SIDE__
C. Uranus’s Moons
a. Uranus’s moons have __ICEY__, __CRATERED__ surfaces
with __LAVA__ flows on it.
b. __URANUS__ has __27__ moons
V. NEPTUNE
a. Scientists think that __NEPTUNE__ is slowly __SHRINKING__ causing the interior to __HEAT__ up
A. Discovery of Neptune
a. The discovery of Neptune was a result of a __MATHEMATICAL__ prediction
B. Exploring Neptune
a. The __GREAT__ __DARK__ __SPOT__ was the size of __EARTH__ and was probably __GIANT STORM__
b. After the __DISCOVERY__ of the Great Dark Spot it __DISAPPEARED__ __5__ years later
C. Neptune’s Moons
a. The largest moon is __TRITON__
b. __NEPTUNE__ has __13__ moons
VI. PLUTO
a. Pluto has a __SOLID__ surface and is much __SMALLER__ and
__DENSER__ than the outer planets
b. __PLUTO__ is smaller than __EARTH__
c. Pluto has __3__ moons
A. Pluto’s Orbit
a. Pluto __ORBITS__ the sun once every __248__ Earth __YEARS__
b. Pluto gets __CLOSER__ to the sun than __NEPTUNE__ on part of its
__ORBIT__
B. Dwarf Planets
a. After the discovery of __LARGER__ and __FARTHER__ bodies
from the sun than Pluto Astronomers created the term
__DWARF PLANETS__
b. A __DWARF PLANET__ is __ROUND__ and __ORBITS__ the sun,
but has not __