Transcript Earth in Space2

Brain Pop
https://www.brainpop.com/science/space/solarsystem/
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People once thought the
Earth was
Today we know it’s shape is
a
Earth’s Location
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Earth is located in a collection of
stars called a
The kind of galaxy is called a
spiral galaxy and Earth is
located on one of the arms.
 The name of the galaxy that
Earth is located in is the
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Solar System
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 The Earth is the 3 planet of
8 planets that revolves
around the sun.
The Earth’s orbit is
the curved path it
follows as it travels
around the sun.
Earth’s Travels
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People once believed everything
traveled around the Earth.
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Now we know it is the Earth that
moves. It both rotates and
revolves.
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The spinning of the Earth on
it’s axis which causes day and
night is called
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The motion of the Earth
around the sun which takes
about 365 ¼ days or one year
to complete is called a
Study Jams
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/solarsystem/universe.htm
Figure the Speed-Extra Credit
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The moon is 240,000 miles
from of the Earth and it
travels around the Earth once
every 27 days. How fast is it
traveling?
 x diameter= circumference
The Earth’s Tilt
The Earth has 4 seasons.
Summer, Spring, Autumn, and
Winter.
 These seasons are caused by
Earth’s
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The Earth’s axis is
the imaginary line
around which the
Earth spins (rotates)
causing the Earth to
tilt toward and away
from the sun during
different times of
the year.
Study Jams
Day and Night
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/study
jams/jams/science/solarsystem/day-on-earth.htm
Seasons
http://studyjams.scholastic.com/study
jams/jams/science/weather-andclimate/seasons.htm
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The seasons depend
on which side of
Earth is tilted toward
the sun.
 When the Northern
Hemisphere is tilted
toward the sun it is
summer in the north and
winter in the south and
vice versa.
Day vs. Night
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During the summer the
number of hours of
daylight is longer and
the number of hours of
darkness is shorter.
•During the winter it
is just the opposite.
Longer nights and
shorter days.
Brain Pop
https://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/solsticeandequin
ox/
Solstices
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The solstices are
the longest and
shortest days of
the year.
 The Summer Solstice is
the longest and the winter
solstice is the shortest.
Northern Hemisphere
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During the Summer Solstice,
the Earth is tilted as far
toward the Sun as possible.
During the Winter
Solstice, the Earth is
tilted as far away
from the Sun as
possible.
Winter
Solstice for
Northern
Hemisphere
Summer
Solstice for
Southern
Hemisphere
Summer
Solstice for
Northern
Hemisphere
Winter
Solstice for
Southern
Hemisphere
Equinoxes
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During the Equinoxes the
Earth is neither pointing
toward or away from the
Sun.
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During the Spring and Fall
equinox the length of day
versus night is equal.
Activity (Pairs)
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How Far Are We Away From The Sun?
Cash Register Tape
Markers/Colored Pencils
Scissors
Book
Notes
Pencil
Construction Paper
Tape
Mercury
Mars
Venus
Earth
The Inner Planets
Why they are called the “Inner Planets”
The inner planets are the four planets that lie between
the Sun and the asteroid belt.
Mars
Earth
Venus
Mercury
The planets that are located after the
asteroid belt are called the outer planets.
That makes sense, doesn’t it?
Characteristics of the Inner
Planets
• Closest to the Sun
• Composed mostly of solid rock
• Each have a core, a mantle, and a crust
• Many craters of varying sizes
• Sometimes called the “terrestrial planets”,
because of their similarities to Earth
• Smaller than most of the outer planets
Mercury
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Distance from the sun:
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Origin of Name:
57,909,175 km
the Roman messenger of the
gods
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Size (in diameter):
4,880 km
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Interesting Fact:
The temperature can range
from -200 C to over 430 C!
Venus
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Distance from the Sun:
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Origin of Name:
108,208,930 km
The Roman goddess of love and
beauty
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Size (in diameter):
12,103.6 km
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Interesting Fact:
It is sometimes known as
Earth’s “sister planet”
because of their similar size,
mass, volume, and density!
Earth
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Distance from the Sun:
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Origin of Name:
149,597,890 km
Old English and Germanic
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Size (in diameter):
12,756.3 km
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Interesting Fact:
The Earth is not perfectly
round, but actually pearshaped!
Mars
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Distance from the Sun:
227,936,640 km
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Origin of Name:
the Roman god of war
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Size (in diameter):
6,794 km
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Interesting Fact:
The month of March got its
name from Mars!
THE OUTER PLANETS
The Outer Planets
The Big Gas Giants
Write Outer Planets
characteristics
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The outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus and Neptune.
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They are called the gas giants because
they have so much mass compared to the
terrestrial planets, and because of that
great mass, creating a stronger gravity
pull, forbids the gases from escaping ,
forming deep atmospheres of gases.
T Write he Outer
Planets
characteristics
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The composition of their atmosphere is
similar to that of the Sun.
They are about 75% hydrogen, 24% helium,
and 1% other elements.
None of the giant planets have a solid
surface. The deeper the atmosphere the
denser it gets.
Jupiter
facts:
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Jupiter is the 5th planet from the Sun.
It is the largest planet in the solar
system.
Jupiter’s diameter is 11 times that of
Earth’s
Jupiter is also 300 times as massive as
Earth.
Jupiter
facts
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Jupiter has about 17 moons. One of the
moons called, Io is covered with
volcanoes.
Jupiter’s
atmosphere
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Thick atmosphere made up of mainly
hydrogen and helium.
It contains colorful bands and swirls of
thick clouds.
Jupiter has a “Great Red Spot”, which a
giant area of swirling clouds. It appears
to be an on-going hurricane like on Earth.
Saturn’s facts
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Saturn is the 6th planet from the Sun.
This is the second largest planet in the
solar system.
Saturn has beautiful rings that are
visible from Earth. These rings are made
up of chunks of rock and ice, each
traveling in its own orbit around
Saturn.
Saturn facts
Saturn has moons. Its
largest moon is called Titan.
It is larger than Earth’s
moon.
Saturn’s
atmosphere
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Like Jupiter, Saturn’s atmosphere is made
up of mainly hydrogen and helium.
Its atmosphere is contains clouds and
storms but not as dramatic as Jupiter.
Saturn is the only planet that is less
dense than water. That means if we put
Saturn in water, it would float!
Uranus facts
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Uranus is the 7th planet from the Sun.
It is four times the diameter of Earth.
Uranus is twice as far from the Sun as
Saturn, so it is much colder.
Uranus also has moons.
Uranus is tilted about 90o, therefore
rotating from top to bottom, while the
other planets rotate from side to side.
Uranus’
atmosphere
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Like the other outer planets, it
atmosphere is mainly hydrogen and
helium
Uranus also looks bluish because of the
traces of methane that is also found in
Uranus’ atmosphere.
Neptune facts
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Neptune is the 8th planet from the Sun.
Discovered by a mathematical
prediction.
Neptune also has moons.
Neptune
Neptune is the 8th planet.
Moon Phases
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The phase of the moon you see
depends on how much of the
sunlit side of the moon faces
Earth
Moon Phases
New Moon
Full Moon
Waxing
Crescent
Waning
Gibbous
1st Quarter
3rd Quarter
Waxing
Gibbous
Waning
Crescent
Moon Phases
The shadow on the moon always disappears from
right to left when the moon is growing. If you can
see the right side of the moon, then it is growing.
The moon always disappear from left to right as
well. So if you can see the left side then it is getting
smaller.
What phase?
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When the moon grows it is
said to be
When the moon gets smaller
it is said to be