Transcript Jovian Planets

THIS PRESENTAION HAS BEEN RATED
TG-13
TEACHERS’ GUIDANCE STRONGLY ADVISED
Some Material May Be Unintelligible For Students Under 13.
Intense Frames of Scientific Instruction, Analysis, Comparing
and Contrasting, Description, and for Some Vocabulary.
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ASTRONOMY
Jovian PLANETS
OBJECTIVES
By the end of this presentation, students will
be able to
• compare the similarities between the Jovial
planets;
• contrast the differences between the Jovial
planets;
• list four physical features of each Jovial
planet.
The Jovian Planets
P
L
JUPITER
The largest planet
JUPITER
Distance: 483.6 million miles
Revolution: 11.86 yrs.
Rotation: 9 hrs. 50.5 min.
Radius: 44,360 miles
Volume: 1328×Earth
Mass: 318×Earth
Density: 1.33 g/cm3
JUPITER
Escape Velocity: 37.0 mi/s
Surface Temp.: ave. 158ºF
Moons: 67 – Io, Europa, Callisto,
Ganymede, etc.
Atmos.: 87% H2, 13%
He with three cloud
layers totaling
600 miles thick.
JUPITER
Features: Has no solid surface. Its
surface is an ocean of liquid H2 about
15,000 miles thick.
The Great Red Spot is a large swirling
region of phosphine (PH4).
It rises about 24 mile above
the surrounding atmosphere.
Winds around 350 mph are common.
Io
Io
Io
Europa
Europa
Callisto
Callisto
Ganymede
Ganymede
SATURN
The Ringed planet
SATURN
Distance: 1,427 million miles
Revolution: 29.46 years
Rotation: 10 hrs 14 min
Radius: 37,300 miles
Volume: 752×Earth
Mass: 95.2×Earth
Density: 0.7 g/cm3
SATURN
Escape Velocity: 22.1 mi/s
Surface Temp.: ave 122ºF
Moons: 63 – Titan, Dione, Rhea,
Mimas, Tethys, etc.
Atmos.: Similar to Jupiter
SATURN
Features: Winds topping 450 mph are
common. Large swirling region similar
to Jupiter’s Great Red Spot, but this is
white.
Ring system is extremely
complex, stretching from
3000 to 300,000 miles wide
and up to 1 mile thick.
SATURN
Features: Saturn’s moon Titan is the
largest in the solar system and has an
atmosphere. Moons Janus and
Epithemius interchange orbits.
Titan
URANUS
The Rolling planet
URANUS
Distance: 2,870 million miles
Revolution: 84 years
Rotation: 17 hr 14 min
Radius: 15,800 miles
Volume: 64×Earth
Mass: 14.5×Earth
Density: 1.3 g/cm3
URANUS
Escape Velocity: 13.1 mi/s
Surface Temp.: const -355ºF
Moons: 27 – Titania, Miranda, etc.
Atmos.: 88% H2, 12% He.
Thick cloud
layer of ammonia
deep in the
atmosphere
URANUS
Features: Axial inclination is 97.9°.
Due to an ammonia haze, the clouds and
other atmospheric features are obscured
from normal vision.
NEPTUNE
The Blue Giant
NEPTUNE
Distance: 2,790 million miles
Revolution: 164.8 years
Rotation: 16 hrs 3 min
Radius: 15,100 miles
Volume: 54×Earth
Mass: 17.2×Earth
Density: 1.8 g/cm3
NEPTUNE
Escape Velocity: 15.3 mi/s
Surface Temp.: const -353ºF
Moons: 14 - Triton, Nereid, etc.
Atmos.: Similar to Uranus’
but without the
ammonia layer.
NEPTUNE
Features: Identical structure to Uranus,
but without as thick of a haze. The
Great Dark Spot is an anticyclone of
high pressure that bubbles up through
the methane atmosphere. Its
companions S1 and Scooter
are high altitude cirrus
clouds of crystalline
ammonia.
PLUTO
P
L
The First Dwarf Planet
PLUTO
Distance: 3,666 million miles
Revolution: 248.5 years
Rotation: 6.39 days - retro
Radius: 721 miles
Volume: 0.01×Earth
Mass: 0.002×Earth
Density: 2 g/cm3
PLUTO
Escape Velocity: 0.6 mi/s
Surface Temp.: ave. -370ºF
Moons: 5 – Charon, Styx, Nix, Keberos,
Hydra
Atmos.: Maybe none; maybe very thin similar to Triton’s.
PLUTO
Features: Rocky core with a crust of
frozen methane.
Since its moon, Charon, is close to the
same size, and orbital proximity, they
could be considered a double planet.
Other Dwarf Planets include:
•
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•
•
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Ceres
Eris
Haumea
Makemake
Sedna
Xena
Quaoar
Asteroids
Minor Planets
Asteroids - the minor planets.
1; Vesta - brightest, third largest.
2; Pallas - second brightest.
3; Ceres - third brightest, largest (567 mi dia.).
Pholus - farthest from the sun ( 1,881 mill. mi).
433 - Eros - closest to the sun.
620 - Geographos - closest approach to earth is 3
million miles. Asteroid is 2.4 mi in dia.
2062 - Aten - orbit is most similar to Earth’s
4147,4148,4149,4150 - the fab four.
951 Gaspra
Ida and Dactyl
Exoplanets
Planets orbiting other stars
ASTRONOMY
Jovian PLANETS