Transcript Location: South Asia Capital of India

As a result of this lesson, the you will be able to:
•Locate India on a world map
•Identify India’s flag
•Explain why the Taj Mahal was built
•Compare several Indian customs to American customs
•Express himself/herself through Indian art
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To find India on a world map:
1.
Locate Asia.
2.
India is a large country in southern Asia.
3.
India has a long “tale” that sticks out into
the Indian Ocean.
On this map,
what color is
India?
ORANGE
Republic of
_______________________
Location: South Asia
Capital of India: New Delhi
Official Language: Hindi
Currency: Rupee
(34 rupees = 1 dollar)
How many rupees would I have
if I had 4 dollars?
India is a large country in southern Asia. It is separated
from the rest of Asia by the Himalayan Mountains.
Because it is so big and cut off from the rest of the
continent, it is called a subcontinent. To the south of India
is the Indian Ocean.
India is the seventh largest country in the world. It has
deserts, jungles, mountains, forests, and farms.
The major rivers are the Indus River and the Ganges
River. Big cities include New Delhi, Calcutta, Bombay,
and Bangalore.
India has half as many states as the U.S. has. How many states are in India?
http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Ntt=India#selItemsPerPage=20&intCurr
entPage=1&No=20&N=0&Ne=&Ntt=India&Ns=&Nr=&browseFilter=&indexVersi
Exports: tea, clothing, jewelry, iron ore, leather
Imports: food, gems, iron and steel, chemicals
Main crops: rice, wheat, tea, sugar cane, spices
What are imports and exports?
Do we grow the same crops in Texas?
Which of these goods do we use in Texas?
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The top stripe is dark gold, the middle stripe is
white, and the bottom stripe is green. The blue
wheel in the middle is the Wheel of Life.
December to March ~~~~ Cold
April to May ~~~~ Very hot (Often over 100 degrees)
June to September ~~~~ Monsoon season
October to November ~~~ less rain
MONSOONS
Monsoons are huge rain storms that come
in from the Indian Ocean. They bring
enough rain to supply water for the whole
year. These storms have strong winds.
They can flood and destroy farms and
houses. Some have even killed people.
Are there storms like these in the United
States?
Long ago, India was ruled by Mogul
emperors. Then the empire fell
apart into smaller kingdoms, ruled
by maharajas.
By the 1600’s, Europeans had come
into India to trade for Indian spices,
silks, cotton cloth, and tea.
In 1857, the British took control of
India and ruled there until 1947.
One very important man, Mohandas
Gandhi helped India gain
independence.
Gandhi practiced civil disobedience.
That means that he would not do
what the British wanted, but he was
never violent.
At about the same time
the pilgrims were landing
at Plymouth Rock, the
Taj Mahal was built.
That was almost 400
years ago.
It took over ten years to
build. More than twenty
thousand people and one
thousand elephants
helped build it.
. . .but why was it built?
Any ideas?
The Taj Mahal is in Agra
near the capital of India.
What is the capital of
India?
Shah Jahan was the emperor of India from 1628 to 1658. He deeply
loved his wife Mumtaz Mahal. She died in 1631 when she was giving
birth to their fourteenth child.
The emperor was so heartbroken that he decided to build a massive
tomb in honor of their love. The two of them were buried together
inside the Taj Mahal.
Since Shah Jahan loved his wife so much, he used only the finest
marble. He also made sure that beautiful gems decorated her tomb.
The Taj Mahal is one of the wonders of the world.
It is also a great tribute to love.
Make up your own legend explaining who you would
have a building like the Taj Mahal built for and why.
Hindu Religion
The Aryans and the
Indus Valley culture
eventually produced
what is known today as
Hinduism. This religion
is polytheistic, which
means believing in
many gods. We know
about this ancient
religion because of
Aryan books called
“Vedas” that record the
beliefs of the Aryans.
Pictured here is one of
the many gods of
Hinduism, Krishna.
Hinduism differs from other religions like Christianity,
Judaism and Islam in that there is no one single founder or
one set of beliefs that must be followed. There are
thousands of Hindu gods and goddesses in Hinduism. Most
of the beliefs of Hinduism came from the oral traditions of
the Aryans which became the
the Hindus.
Vedas—or holy writings—of
Reincarnation
• Central to Hinduism is the
belief in reincarnation.
Hindus believe that after a
person dies, they will be reborn as some other creature
or thing. What you are reborn as depends on your
“Karma” or the deeds you
did in your previous life. If
you did good deeds, you
will reborn into a higher,
better life. If you had bad
Karma, you may be re-born
as an insect or even a tree.
Caste System
• One social custom brought to
India by the Aryans was the
caste system. This system put
every person in society into a
certain class from which they
could never advance. The caste
system was very effective in
keeping social order but it was
rigid and strict. Those in the
lowest caste were looked down
on by upper caste members and
could never change castes.
Caste System
• India’s caste system is
divided into many
different classes, each
with its own job.
• The highest class is
the Brahmans, or
priests. They have
great authority and
respect.
Caste System
• The next level are
called Kshatriya they
are the warriors, or
land-owners. They are
often in the wealthy,
ruling class. In early
times, they were the
armies for the many
princes of India.
Caste System
• The Vaishya are the
merchants and
artisans. They are the
people who sell
products. They, like
all members of each
caste, cannot ever
change their caste.
Caste System
• The lowest level are
the artisans and
farmers. They are
called Shudra. They
are very important
because they provide
food and goods for
society. Like members
of every caste, they
must marry within
their own caste.
Caste System
The very lowest
group in India are
the Harijan. They
are also called the
“untouchables” or
“outcasts” because
they are not even
considered part of
the caste system.
Their job is to do all
the worst jobs in the
community such as
cleaning latrines
and sewers
and sweeping the streets. Members of the caste system were not even supposed to have
the shadow of an untouchable touch them. These people believed that the only way to
get out of their lot in life was to perform their jobs without complaint so they could be
born into a higher caste in the next life.
Contributions
• This is a sample of
elaborate mathematical
calculations taken from an
Indian text around 600
BC. An Indian named
Brahmagupta is credited
with inventing the idea of
“0”(zero). This changed
greatly how mathematics
could be used.
Contributions
• Ancient India is also
credited with inventing the
magnetic compass.
Indians sailed the Indian
Ocean in boats the were
guided by a metal “fish”
floating in oil. The fish
pointed north, acting as a
compass for the boats.
Contributions
•
•
Inoculation is the placement of something
that will grow or reproduce, and is most
commonly used in respect of the introduction
of a serum, a vaccine, or antigenic substance
into the body of a human or animal,
especially to produce or boost immunity to a
specific disease.
the practice originated in India. A religious
rite having this effect was attributed to the
physician Dhanvantari, founder of the Vedic
tradition, in about 1500 BCE. As with other
medical customs, the inoculation was
associated with a Hindu goddess.
Cricket
In India, the most popular sport is cricket.
The game of cricket is played with a batsman, a wicket keeper, a
bowler, and fielders.
The bowler rolls the ball toward the batsman. The wicket keeper
stands behind the batsman. The batsman hits the ball with a bat
and runs back and forth between the bowler and the wicket
keeper to score runs. The fielders try to catch the ball to get the
batsman out.
What sport or sports does this
sound like?
What are the similarities
between this game and games we
play here?
The Hindu New Year falls in
October or November of
each year.
It is called Diwali, the
Festival of Lights.
For Diwali, people get
dressed up in new clothes,
send cards to friends and
family, and give out presents.
Since it is the Festival of
Lights, fireworks light up the
sky.
What American Holidays are
celebrated like Diwali?
What building is in the picture?
We love to watch movies in America.
Hollywood is the biggest producer of
films in the world, right?
WRONG! India produces about eight
hundred movies a year. That’s even
more than Hollywood. Indian families
love to go to the movies just as much as
we do.
Can you think of American movies or
television shows that you have seen with
Indian actors or actresses in them?
Many women in India wear beautiful saris.
Their clothing is brightly colored. For
special events, women wear saris with gold
embroidery and sequins.
Men usually wear dhotis. They are loose
pants, similar to pajamas. In big cities, men
wear American style clothing.
Children wear jeans, T-shirts, and skirts at
home. They usually have uniforms for
school.
Indian women love to wear jewelry. They
wear earrings, nose rings, bangles
(bracelets), anklets, rings, necklaces, and
even jewelry in their hair!
Can you think of anything that we have in the U.S. that came from India?
Meditation exercises; you can take these classes at the YMCA
YOGA
Hindi phrase meaning loose trousers
PAJAMAS
Game of skill played on a checkerboard with moveable pieces
CHESS
Expensive sweaters made from goat hair in a region of India
CASHMERE
This digit means nothing, but can greatly change the value of a number
when added onto the end of a number
ZERO
A brand of clothing; also a game played while riding horses
POLO
You may or may not know these other Indian words. In
your groups, discuss what you think these words mean. If
you don’t know what they are, look them up! Each group
will explain to the class the meaning of one of these words,
so make sure you know what they all mean!
Thug
Nirvana
Bungalow
Karma
Veranda
Bazaar
Rangoli is the traditional art of decorating walls and courtyards with
designs. Indian women make a paste out of flour and color it with crushed
flowers and spices. They often compete to make the best designs.
We will make Rangoli designs using paint and
mural paper.
1.
Each group will start with a basic design
made of shapes.
2.
You will keep using that design to make a
bigger design to fill your mural paper.
3.
You may use any colors available and any
design made of shapes. There are patterns
of triangles, circles, rectangles, squares
that you may trace if you want.
4.
Make sure everyone in your group takes
part in the mural in some way.
5.
We will display the murals in the room.
Pitara for Kids - http:www.pitara.com
This site contains books, stories, folk tales, and activities for children.
We Are India - http://weareindia.com/
This site contains photos and other links on culture, traditions, and art.
Welcome to India - http://www.welcometoindia.com/culture
This site contains info on culture, music, food, travel and more.
History of India - http://www.historyofindia.com/home.html
This site covers ancient, medieval, British, and modern history.
India for Kids – Snaith Primary School
http://www.home.freeuk.net/elloughton13/India.htm
This site shows a slideshow trip to India for children ages 7-9. With lots
of great links, photos, stories, and activities, this site is highly
recommended.
Chantal Boulanger: Indian saris-research
http:www.devi.net/sari.html
This site has photos of saris and other Indian clothing. It also has
other links.
Really Cookin’ Recipes for Kids
www2.whirlpool.com/html/homelife/cookin/India.htm
site has Indian recipes for children to make.
This
Experience India - http://www.vijnanakalavedi.org/
This site tells about different Indian art, music, and dance. It also
contains great photographs, video clips, and music clips.
India Parenting
http://www.indiaparenting.com/Indiaculture/index.htm
This site has kids’ games, learning activities, tunes, tales, and more.