Transcript The Teachings of Hinduism and Buddhism PPT

Hinduism
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Origins
 No
single founder
 Aryans added gods of Indus valley to
theirs
 More people brought more Ideas
 Became one of the worlds most
complex religion
 Sacred texts: Vedas, Upanishads,
Bhagavad-Gita = ethics of Hindus
Gods of Hinduism can take
many forms, human and animal
and have their own families
Brahman
 too
complex to easily understand
so…
 Worship gods that are a part of
Brahman
 These gods give a concrete form
to Brahman
 Brahman
the
creator
 Vishnu
the
Preserver
 Shiva
the
destroyer
 Shakti
–
wife of
Shiva. A
creator
and
destroyer
Atman
 Essential
 Really
self
just another name for
Brahman
Moksha
Hindus believe goal is to achieve Moksha
(union with Brahman)
 For that to happen, humans must free
themselves from selfish desires that
separate them from Brahman

Hindus believe in reincarnation
 Rebirth
of the soul in another
bodily form
 Allows people to continue to work
through moksha through several
lifetimes
Law of Karma
 All
actions of a persons life that
affect their fate in the next life
 Person can come closer to
achieving moksha by obeying the
law of Karma
All existence is ranked
 Humans
closest to Brahman
 Then animals
 Plants
 Objects
 People
who live virtuously earn
good karma and are reborn at a
higher level of existence
 Bad people get bad karma and
are reborn into suffering
 Cycle of death and rebirth
symbolized by the image of the
wheel
Dharma
 Religious
and moral duties of an
individual
 Duties vary according to class,
gender, occupation or age
 Gives one credit toward next life
 Karma and dharma helped ensure
social order by supporting the caste
system
Ahimsa
Ahimsa is nonviolence
 Extreme form of Ahimsa was Jainism, a
new religion that grew out of Hindu
traditions
 Swept the ground in front of their feet to
avoid killing a living thing

Cycle of life
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Founder
 Gautama
556 BC
 Wealthy prince
 Became aware of human suffering
when he rode out of palace
grounds
 Left home seeking answers
 Meditated
for 48 days
 Understood cause and cure for
suffering and sorrow
 Became Buddha, the “Enlightened
One”
Four Noble Truths
Form the pillars of Buddhism
Number One
 All
life is full of suffering, pain and
sorrow
Number two
 The
cause of suffering is desire
for things such as riches, power,
and long life
Number 3
 The
only cure for suffering is to
overcome desire
Number four
 The
way to overcome desire is to
follow the Eightfold Path
Eightfold Path
 Right
views
Right effort
 right aspirations
Right conduct
 Right livelihood
Right speech
 Right mindfulness
 Right contemplation
To Achieve enlightenment;
 Understand
four noble truths
 Commit to eightfold path
 Live a moral life avoiding evil
words and actions
 Meditation
 May at last achieve enlightenment
Goal of life
 Achieve
nirvana – union with
universe and release from cycle of
rebirth
Similarities with Hinduism
 Both
believed in karma, dharma
and moksha
 Believed in cycle of rebirth
 nonviolence
Differences from Hinduism
 Rejected
priests, formal rituals
and existance of the many gods
of hinduism
 Buddhism urged individual to seek
enlightenment through meditation
 Rejected the caste system
 Offered hope of nirvana to all
Sacred texts
 After
Buddhas death, followers
collected his teachings into sacred
text called tripitaka
Buddhism splits into two different
schools of thought
 Theravada
Buddhism
 Requires life devoted to hard
spiritual work
 Only most dedicated could hope
to reach nirvana
 Mahayana
 Made
Buddhism easier for regular
people to follow
 Viewed Buddha & other holy
beings as compassionate gods
 Describe an afterlife filled with
many heavens and hells