Configuring Tomcat - Oakland University

Transcript Configuring Tomcat - Oakland University

Installing JDK and Tomcat
Vijayan Sugumaran
Department of DIS
Oakland University
Downloading JDK
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JDK 6 (J2SE v1.6.0_03) installer can be downloaded
from the following url:
http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp
Click on the Download button
Click on Accept (license agreement) and continue
Click on the link for online installation:
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Windows Online Installation, Multi-language
Run the installer
Accept all the default settings. It will create a new
directory (C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_03) and there
will be a subdirectory called “bin” which contains all the
jdk tools (javac, java, etc.). There will also be another
subdirectory called “lib” that contains the .jar files
Setting Environment Variables
 In
order to access the java binary files
from any directory, we should set the
PATH environment variable
 To access .class files from other
locations, we need to set the
CLASSPATH variable.
 The CLASSPATH variable can also
indicate where to look for .jar files
Setting Path and Classpath
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Right mouse click on “My Computer” and select the
“Properties” option
The system properties panel will pop up. Click on the
“Advanced” tab.
Click on the “Environment Variables” button
If the Path and Classpath variables are already
defined, then you can add values at the end by
clicking on the “Edit” button.
The directories are separated by semicolon
If the variables don’t exist, then you can create them
by clicking on the “New” button, and enter the values
for those variables (see next slide)
The first value for the classpath variable should be
“.;” that indicates current directory
System Properties Panel
Downloading and Installing
Tomcat
 Download
url:
http://tomcat.apache.org/download-60.cgi
 Scroll down to the Binary Distributions
section and click on the zip link under
Core to download tomcat 6.0.14.
 The downloaded zip file needs to be
unzipped. You can put the contents under
Program Files or anywhere else you like.
Configuring Tomcat
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Make sure the “JAVA_HOME” environment
variable exists. If not, create this variable and
set it to C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_03 (or
the directory where jdk resides)
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For now, leave the port to 8080 (you can
change it to another port number later in the
server.xml file)
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Turn on Servlet Reloading
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Open the context.xml file (C:\Program Files\apache-tomcat6.0.14\conf\context.xml) using notepad
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In the context.xml file, change <Context> to (it is
case sensitive)
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<Context reloadable="true“ privileged=“true”>
Configuring Tomcat (Contd)
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Enable the Invoker Servlet
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Uncomment the servlet and servlet-mapping elements in the web.xml file (C:\Program
Files\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\conf\web.xml)
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 (remove this line)
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 (remove this line)
Configuring Tomcat (contd)
 Turn
on Directory Listings when there is
no welcome-file (optional)
 Edit
the conf/web.xml file as follows
<servlet>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>0</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>listings</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
Test the Server
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Start the server
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Click on C:\Program Files\apache-tomcat6.0.214/bin/startup.bat
Open a browser window and type the url:
http://localhost:8080/
The Tomcat page should show up
Try some simple HTML and JSP Pages
 Try executing the servlet examples
 Need to set up a development environment
so that you can compile your own servlets.
They need to be in a specific locaiton.
Directory Structure of Web Application
Setting up the Application
Directory Structure
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Create a directory for each application within
the webapps (C:\Program Files\apachetomcat-6.0.14\webapps) directory and the
necessary sub directories within it.
 Example:
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Create a directory called “HelloApp” for the “hello
world” application within the webapps directory
Within HelloApp, create a subdirectory called
“WEB-INF”
Within WEB-INF, create a subdirectory called
“classes”
The compiled servlets have to reside in the
“classes” directory
Creating, Compiling & Executing a Servlet
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Type the code for the Hello servlet using
notepad
 Save it as Hello.java in the following directory:
C:\Program Files\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\webapps\HelloApp\WEB-INF\classes
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Add the path for the servlet-api.jar and jspapi.jar files to the classpath variable
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(C:\Program Files\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\lib\servlet-api.jar;
C:\Program Files\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\lib\jsp-api.jar; )
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Compile the Hello.java file using javac
The Hello.class file will be created and it should
also reside in the same classes directory
 Executing the Hello servlet
http://localhost:8080/HelloApp/servlet/Hello
Creating a New Web Application
 Steps
to create a new web application
called “anotherapp”
 Create
the appropriate directory structure
 Restart Tomcat
 Add one or more servlets to the application
 Test the servlets
 To control the behavior of this application
add web.xml file to the WEB-INF directory
 If a web.xml file is not provided for this
application, the install_dir/conf/web.xml file
will be used
Creating the Directory Structure
(Review)
 Create
a folder called “anotherapp” (or
any other name you choose) within the
install_dir/webapps folder
 Create the “WEB-INF” folder within the
“myapps” folder
 Create the “classes” folder within the
“WEB-INF” folder
 For now, make sure that you don’t have
web.xml file within the WEB-INF
directory
Remaining Steps
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Restart Tomcat
Add one or more servlets to the “anotherapp”
application
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Create the servlet source file (.java file) in the
install_dir/webapps/anotherapp/WEB-INF/classes
directory
Compile the source file using javac
Alternatively, you can put the source file(s) anywhere
you want, compile them, and then move the .class
files into the install_dir/webapps/anotherapp/WEBINF/classes directory
Test the servlet (say you created Hello.class)
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http://localhost:8080/anotherapp/servlet/Hello
Deployment Descriptor File –
WEB-INF/web.xml
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The install_dir/conf/web.xml file controls the
behavior of all the web applications that are
under the webapps directory
 If you want a particular web application to
behave differently, then you add the web.xml
file within the WEB-INF directory
 It is not absolutely necessary that you should
have the web.xml file for the application
 Among other things, the web.xml file may
contain the values of parameters that would
be used during servlet initialization (calling
the init() method)