Transcript An Introduction to the Basics of SAP R/3

IS 466
ADVANCED TOPICS IN
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
LECTURER : NOUF ALMUJALLY
3 – 10 – 2011
College Of Computer Science and Information, Information Systems Department
Objectives
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SAP AG
SAP R\3 Architecture
SAP R\3 Basics
SAP Modules
SAP
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Systems, Applications, and Products in Data
Processing (SAP)
Name of the company
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SAP AG
SAP America
SAP America is a subsidiary of SAP AG
Name of the software
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SAP R/2 – Mainframe version
SAP R/3 – Client/Server version
SAP AG
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Founded in Germany (1972)
World’s fourth largest software provider
World’s largest provider of Integrated Business
Solutions software
SAP R/3
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World-wide usage
Designed to satisfy the information needs for business
sizes (small local to large all international)
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Multi-lingual
Multi-currency
Designed to satisfy the information needs for all
industries (industry solutions)
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Hospital
Manufacturing
Chemical
Government
SAP R/3
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Enables a company to link it’s business processes
Ties together different business functions (integrated
business solution)
Helps the organization run smoothly
Real-time environment
Architecture
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Central relational database (e.g., Oracle, Microsoft
SQL and many others)
Client/Server – (three-tiered)
ERP business modules (FI, MM, SD, CO, PP, HR)
Add-ons:
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Customer Relationship Mgmt (CRM)
Supply Chain Mgmt (SCM)
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Product Lifecycle Mgmt (PLM)
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Relational Database
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Tables: Defines and links thousands of tables of
information
Advantages
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Consistent and accurate data
Common definitions for terms
Shared, but restricted usage
Eliminates data redundancy
SAP Overview
Client/Server Environment
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Client
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Software/hardware combination that can make a request
for services from a central repository of resources
Server
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Software/hardware combination that can provide services
to a group of clients in a controlled environment
Client Process
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The client is a process (program) that sends a message to a
server process (program), requesting that the server perform a
task (service).
Client programs usually manage the user-interface portion of
the application, validate data entered by the user, dispatch
requests to server programs, and sometimes execute business
logic.
The client-based process is the front- end of the application
that the user sees and interacts with.
The client process also manages the local resources that the
user interacts with such as the monitor, keyboard, workstation
CPU and peripherals.
Server Process
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A server process (program) fulfills the client request
by performing the task requested.
Server programs generally receive requests from
client programs, execute database retrieval and
updates, manage data integrity and dispatch
responses to client requests.
Sometimes server programs execute common or
complex business logic.
Three-tier Client/Server Architecture
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Application
Server
Application
Server
USER PCs
USER PCs
Database
Server
Application
Server
Application
Server
Two Tier Client/Server System
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Database and
Application
Server
User PCs
Basis System: Three-Tier Computer Hierarchy
Central Database
(Storage of all data)
Access to Database:
(Read / Write data)
Database
Input / Output
of data to users
Processing of data
using application logic
Application
Presentation
Presentation of the
processed data to
the user
SAP Enterprise System
PCs, Laptops, etc.
Browser Client
Network
Web Server
Internet
Transaction
Server
Presentation
Application
Application
Servers
Database
Database
Three-Tier SAP Structure
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In a three-tier configuration, you use your own host
for the three tiers. Using data from the database
server, several different application servers can
operate at the same time.
To ensure that the load on individual servers is as
even as possible and to achieve optimal
performance, you can use special application
servers for individual application areas such as
sales planning, distribution or financial accounting.
Three-Tier SAP Structure
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To web-enable the SAP Applications, a Web Server
and an ITS (Internet Transaction Server) are
needed.
The web-service and the services for the ITS can run
on one server or on two dedicated servers.
The presentation in this configuration is provided by
an Internet Browser.
The new SAP Web platform is NetWeaver.
SAP R/3 Basics
SAP R/3 Basics
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Instance – each install of the SAP R/3 software on
an individual application server
Configurable – each instance can be particularly
configured to fit the needs and desires of the
customer (within limits)
Most of the infrastructure decisions, including
configuration decisions, occur during project
implementation
Configuration
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The process of tailoring SAP software by selecting
specific functionality from a list of those supported
by the software, very much like setting defaults
(e.g., Word, Access)
DOES NOT involve changes to the underlying
software code
Programming Code Modifications
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Changes to the delivered code
ABAP/4 – Advanced Business Application
Programming (ABAP)
If you change the code, SAP will no longer support
you.
This should be done carefully as it can make
migration to new versions of the software much
more difficult
SAP R/3 Document Principle
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Each business transaction that writes data to the
database creates a uniquely numbered electronic
document
Each document contains information such as
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Responsible person
Date and time of the transaction
Commercial content
Once created, a document can not be deleted from
the database
SAP Organizational elements and
Modules
SAP ERP Modules
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MM
SM
Service
Mgmt.
SD
FI
Sales and
Distribution
Financial
Accounting
Materials
PP Mgmt.
Production
Planning
R/3
Controlling
PM
Plant Maintenance
AM
Fixed Assets
Mgmt.
Client / Server
Integrated Business
Solution
QM
Quality
Mgmt.
CO
PS
WF
Workflow
HR
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Human
Resources
Industry
Solutions
Project
System
EC
Enterprise
Controlling
Business Modules
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Collections of logically related transactions within
identifiable business functions
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MM (“Buy”)
PP (“Make”)
SD (“Sell”)
FI and CO (“Track”)
HR
Business Process Integration
FI
MM
Rules
FI
MM
SD
SD
Logistics
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Materials Management (MM)
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Sales and Distribution (SD)
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Production Planning (PP)
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Quality Management (QM)
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Plant Maintenance (PM)
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Service Management (SM)
Accounting and Finance
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Financial Accounting (FI)
Controlling (CO)
Enterprise Controlling (EC)
Fixed Asset Management (AM)
Project Systems (PS)
Human Resources
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Human Resources (HR)
Questions ??
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