Transcript Napoleon PPTx

The Age of Napoleon
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The Rise of Napoleon (1769 – 1821)
 Background and education
 Born in Corsica
 Military education
 Liked reading philosophes and generals
 Married Josephine in 1794
 Napoleon’s military career
 Commissioned a lieutenant, 1785
 Promoted to brigadier general, 1794- saved the NC
 Victory in Italy, 1797- “They knew I was their patron”
 Defeat in Egypt, 1799- abandons his army for better glory
 Napoleon in Control
 Coup d’état, 1799: Napoleon as first consul
 Bicameral legislature and three consuls (“decision of the First… shall suffice”
 First consul for life, 1802
 Crowned Emperor Napoleon I, 1804
Napoleon as a Young Officer
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The Domestic Policies of Emperor
Napoleon
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Napoleon and the Catholic Church
 Concordat of 1801: stabilization of regime
 Pope wins because they can reopen seminaries, etc
 Napoleon wins because the pope acknowledges the revolution, is not the
state religion, does not get its land back
A New Code of Laws
 Code Napoléon (Civil Code)
 Preservation of revolutionary gains and property rights
 Equality of all citizens before the law
 Curtailment of rights for women (divorce, lawsuits, property)
The French Bureaucracy
 Centralization of administration: the prefects (career government agents)
 Tax success
 Balanced budget
 Meritocracy aristocracy
Napoleon’s Growing Despotism
 Still have an aristocracy
 Conscription for military
 Censorship and inequality
The Coronation of Napoleon
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Napoleon’s Empire and the
European Response
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Fighting the Coalitions
 Peace of Amiens, 1802 with Russia, Great Britain, and Austria- “the
French Revolution is not finished so long as the scourge of war lasts”
 Renewal of war in 1803 with ^ + Prussia joins in; victories, 1805-1807
 Treaty of Tilsit: the end of the wars
Napoleon’s Grand Empire
 Three states: French empire, dependent states (such as Spain), and allied
states (such as Austria)
 Attempted reform: the last of the enlightened absolutists?
The Problem of Great Britain
 Lost at Trafalgar on the seas
 The failed Continental System, 1806-1807: attempted to stop British
exports
Nationalism
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Napoleon’s French conquering led to other counties arising in nationalism
Johann Gottlieb Fichte: Germany
MAP 19.3 Napoleon’s Grand Empire in 1810
Map 19.3 p591
Francisco Goya, The Third of May 1808
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The Fall of Napoleon
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The Quest for Victory
 Invasion of Russia, 1812 because they defected from
the Continental System
 Defeat, April 1814
The Defeated Emperor
 Exiled to Elba
 Escape, 1815
 “If there is a man among you would kill his
emperor, here I am!”
 Battle of Waterloo, June 18, 1815 against Britain and
Prussia
 Exile to St. Helena
CHRONOLOGY The Napoleonic Era, 1799–1815
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Chapter Timeline
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Discussion Questions
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What role did the Enlightenment play in the
American and French Revolutions?
Compare the urban and rural revolutions in France.
How did other European states respond to the
French Revolution, and why?
What impact did the French Revolution have on the
Catholic Church in France?
What changes in society were brought about by the
French Revolution?
Examine Napoleon’s rise to power. What lasting
changes did his reign have on Europe? What were
his military mistakes?