Transcript Napoleon and Latin American PPT

Warm Up
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In your spiral (page 19), answer the
following prompt.
After the French Revolution
(think of the video from last class),
what would the people of France
be looking for?
Napoleon, the Napoleonic Wars,
and Latin America’s Road to
Independence
Learning Goal 3: Explain how Napoleon’s rule
and the Napoleonic wars led to geographic
changes in Europe, the spread of nationalism
and democratic ideals, and independence
movements in Latin America
End of French Revolution
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Reign of Terror ends in 1794 with the
death of Robespierre
1795-1799 French ruled by the Directory
(five men who shared power)
1799 Napoleon overthrows the Directory
Napoleon’s Rise
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1799 the French government was
overthrown and Napoleon
become “First Consul”
Crowned himself emperor in
1804
French people accepted loss of
political rights
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Why?
They believed he would provide
stability & defeat France’s
enemies.
Napoleon at Strategic Genius
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napoleons strategic genius
Napoleonic Wars
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In ten years Napoleon conquered and ruled most
of Europe including Austria, Prussia, Spain,
Portugal, and some kingdoms in Italy
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He spread revolutionary ideas by writing
constitutions for the countries he conquered.
His army was severely weakened by the retreat
from his failed attempt to conquer Russia
European states revolted, invaded France, &
restored the monarchy (Louis XVIII)
He was exiled twice by the British, eventually
dying on the island of Elba
Napoleon’s Empire
Napoleon’s Legacy
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Napoleonic Code: abolished privileges based
on birth, promoted religious tolerance, and
stated government jobs should go to the most
qualified
Ended feudalism in Europe
His control of monarchies in Europe led to
independence movements in Latin
America
Continued hatred between British and French
Sale of Louisiana Purchase to the US
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Tons more land to USA!!!!!!!
Confederation of the Rhine led to
consolidation Germany (bringing Germany
together under one rule)
Significance of Napoleon’s Reign
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After Napoleon, the Congress of Vienna met and
restored the balance of power in Europe (reinstated
monarchies)
The French Revolution fueled a sense of nationalism
in France – begins nationalism in Europe
Nationalism fuels the competition between
European countries that culminates in WWI.
Nationalism continues as a force in the world today.
Napoleon Reading
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You will now read your assigned section of the Napoleon article.
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Group One (Napoleon, and Rise of Nationalism)
 Questions 1 and 5
Group Two (Napoleonic Code)
 Questions 2,3, and 4
Group Three (Napoleon’s Fall)
 Questions 6,7, and 8
Group Four (Congress of Vienna)
 Questions 9, 10 and 11
You will have 10-15 mins, then you will share your sections
answers
Record your answers and your classmates answers on your half
sheet of paper.
Later you will glue this in your spiral under your warm up
Latin America’s Road to
Independence
Basic Recipe
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American and French Revolution spread
ideas of the Enlightenment
European powers distracted by conflict in
Europe (usually caused by Napoleon)
Colonies get sick of repression, see the
success of the American and French
Revolution and revolt
Haiti
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The French colonial government in
Haiti had sent men to fight in the
American Revolution and they
returned with ideas about how to
change Haitian society.
Haitian Revolution
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During the French Revolution
civil war broke out in the French
Colony of Haiti
In that chaos a slave revolt
occurred in 1791, and spread
throughout colony
British and Spain attempted to
seize colony during revolt but
troops fell to yellow fever
Slave revolt ended in Haitian
Toussaint Louverture
independence from France
Lead by Toussaint Louverture
Nationalist Revolts
Napoleon overthrew
monarchies of Spain
and Portugal
Put Joseph
Bonaparte (brother)
on the Spanish throne
Colonists did not feel
loyal to France
 Revolutionary
rulers in Latin
America revolt
Colonial
Society
•Spanish Colonial Latin America
had a very strict social hierarchy.
•Peninsulares, people born in
Spain, were the only ones allowed
to have positions in the colonial
government.
•Creoles, people born in the
colonies from Spanish parents,
were not allowed to hold
government positions.
•Independence movements in
Latin America were started by
creoles because they resented
the political dominance of the
Peninsulares.
Mexican War of Independence
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Revolt led by Mexican born Spaniards and
Mestizos who wanted independence from
Spain
Miguel Hidalgo
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1st hero of Mexican Independence
September 16, 1810
Agustin Iturbide
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1st Emperor of Independent Mexico
1822
Latin America: Simon Bolivar
(1783-1830), was one of South
America's greatest generals. His
victories over the Spaniards won
independence for Bolivia, Colombia,
Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Bolívar is
called El Libertador (The Liberator) and
the "George Washington of South
America."
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Revolutionary leaders in Latin
America, such as Simon Bolivar were
inspired by the ideals of the
Enlightenment and the successes of
the American and French
revolutions.
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Once the person Napoleon had placed in power in
Latin America was dismissed Simon Bolivar was
appointed governor.
Even though Bolivar was part of the
privileged creole upper class he declared
independence from Spain.
Bolivar was influenced by the ideas of
Rousseau and established a national
congress.
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Bolivar realized that the success of
the revolt was dependent on the
support of the mixed-race classes
of Latin Americans.
He promised to fight for rights for
the lower classes and to
emancipate the slaves.
Bolivar hoped to create a united
South America modeled after the
United States, but regional
animosities and geographic
barriers kept this from
happening.
South America
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Jose de San Martin
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Spaniards should be removed from S. America
Started in Argentina and then Venezuela
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Continued on to rest of S. America
Joined with Simon Bolivar in Chile
Monroe Doctrine (1823)
Told European powers to stay
out of the Americas
Posters
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With your assigned group you will create a mini poster
about on of the leaders of the Latin American
Revolutions using your notes and the reading on your
desk.
You will only have 15-20 mins, then your group will
share your poster with the class.
Include the following:
 Name of leader
 Country/Countries they fought for/against
 Grievances/complaints
 Their role
 Their impact
As groups share you will fill in your Latin America Chart
Final Thoughts- Exit Ticket
On your own sheet of paper, answer the following
questions and hand it in before you leave
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What was Napoleons GREATEST impact?
What was the main reason for the start of the
different revolutions in Latin America?