Transcript Early Modern Art - White Plains Public Schools

Practice Test
World History AP #8
Most of the earliest civilizations developed in
(A)Areas around the Mediterranean Sea
(B)Inland areas in moderate climates
(C)Areas with abundant rainfall
(D)The Western Hemisphere
(E)River valleys in warm, dry climates
(E) River valleys in warm, dry climates
Most experts believe that agriculture first
originated in
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
The Middle East and then spread by cultural
diffusion to many other areas of the world
The Andes Mountain area and China about the
same time
China and then spread by cultural diffusion to
many other areas around the world
The Middle East but also began later as
independent invention in many other areas of the
world
Several areas in both the Western and Eastern
Hemispheres about the same time
(D) The Middle East but also began later as
independent invention in many other areas of
the world
Which of the following economic activities is
most likely to produce a surplus?
(A)Hunting and gathering
(B)Shifting cultivation
(C)Sedentary agriculture
(D)Pastoral nomadism
(E)Horticulture
(C)Sedentary agriculture
One of the earliest cultural hearths in the
Americas was developed by
(A)Harappans
(B)Olmec
(C)Akkadians
(D)Maya
(E)Hittites
(B) Olmec
One common effect of the process of
agricultural settlements developing into
civilizations was
(A) The
rulers came to be seen as gods
(B) The religions became more centered on
spirits and nature
(C) A growing nostalgia for the more nomadic
lifestyle
(D) The people generally didn’t have to work as
hard as nomads did
(E) The status of women fell
(E) The status of women fell
Which of the following is true of both ancient
Egypt and Ancient Mesopotamia?
(A) Both
were politically organized into citystates.
(B) Both had polytheistic religions.
(C) Neither had a written language.
(D) Both had to cope with very rainy climates
(E) Neither had written law codes.
(B) Both had polytheistic religions.
“I have not blasphemed a god,
I have not robbed the poor.
I have not done what the god abhors,
I have not maligned a servant to his master.
I have not caused pain,
I have not cause tears…”
The above is an excerpt from a confession that Egyptians
gave to
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
The pharaoh before being sentenced to death
The priest before being sacrificed to the gods
The king of the underworld after death
Spouses during wedding ceremonies
The river gods before the flooding season
(C) The king of the underworld after death
The best single explanation for why so little is
known about the Indus River Valley people is
that
(A)They had no written language
(B)Their civilization was less developed than that of
the Egyptians and Mesopotamians
(C)Most of their artifacts were destroyed by invaders
(D)Inscriptions on artifacts are too brief to allow the
interpretation of their language
(E) Their sites are more difficult to excavate than
those of most other ancient peoples
(D)Inscriptions on artifacts are too brief to
allow the interpretation of their language
One of the most important political legacies of
the Zhou Dynasty in Ancient China is
(A) A written law code
(B) The establishment of a theocracy
(C) The tradition of having two rulers instead
of one
(D) Participation by citizens in the decisionmaking process
(E) The Mandate of Heaven
(E) The Mandate of Heaven
Which of the earliest civilizations generally
differed from the others in its emphasis on the
supreme importance of the family, life on
earth rather than life after death, and learning
and literacy?
(A)China
(B)Egypt
(C)Mesopotamia
(D)Mycenae
(E)Indus Valley
(A)China
The cultural hearth
pictured above is
geographically different
from most others in the
Eastern Hemisphere
because it is NOT
(A)Next to an ocean
(B)Centralized in one place
(C)In a river valley
(D)In a warm climate
(E)In an area with a great deal of rainfall
(C) In a river valley
Which of the following classical civilizations
was composed of city-states?
(A)Greece
(B)Rome
(C)Mauryan India
(D)Gupta India
(E)Han China
(A)Greece
Which of the following civilizations is
mismatched with an accomplishment?
(A)Phoenicia/alphabet based on sounds
(B)Greece/democratic government
(C)Rome/building of aqueducts
(D)Gupta India/Hellenistic synthesis
(E)Han China/bureaucracy based on merit
(D)Gupta India/Hellenistic synthesis
Which of the following is true of both Athens
and Rome?
(A)Neither valued philosophy or art.
(B)Neither were patriarchies.
(C)Neither made use of slave labor.
(D)Both were monotheistic.
(E)Both had strong military organizations.
(E)Both had strong military organizations.
“The Great King, King of Kings, King in _____,
King of countries” were ways of addressing
the ruler of
(A)Greece
(B)The Roman Republic
(C)The Roman Empire
(D)Persia
(E)Mauryan India
(D)Persia
One difference between Rome and Han China
is that
(A)High government positions were more likely to be
based on scholarly accomplishments in China
(B)Engineering accomplishments were more
significant in China
(C)Religious leaders were more likely to have
political power in Rome
(D)Rome had more trouble guarding its borders than
China did
(E) Rome experienced more problems with free
peasants clashing with wealthy aristocrats
(A)High government positions were more
likely to be based on scholarly
accomplishments in China
Which of the following is often seen as an
important accomplishment of Ashoka?
(A)He unified India into a long-lasting political
dynasty.
(B)He probably kept Buddhism from dying
out.
(C)He promoted the spread of Hinduism to
Southeast and East Asia.
(D)He built a great Indian navy.
(E)He forged an alliance with the Roman
Emperor.
(B)He probably kept Buddhism from dying
out.
In comparison to the Mauryan Dynasty, the
Gupta Dynasty
(A)Controlled much more territory on the
Indian subcontinent
(B)Built a more complex government
bureaucracy
(C)Rose from the same powerful area in
northern India
(D)Did not practice as much “theatre state”
(E)Did not practice Hinduism
(C)Rose from the same powerful area in
northern India
The most significant common reason for both
the collapse of early civilizations around 1200
B.C.E. and the classical civilizations in the
years before 600 C.E. was probably
(A)A problem of interdependence
(B)Attack by nomadic groups
(C)Overuse of natural resources
(D)A serious climate change
(E)The growing incidence of crime and
corruption
(A) A problem of interdependence
A technological invention used to maneuver
the waters of the Indian Ocean was the
(A)Square sail
(B)Trireme
(C)Large-hulled boat
(D)Sextant
(E)Lateen sail
(E)Lateen sail
Although much about
them is mysterious, these
clay soldiers were
probably created to
(A)Demonstrate Chinese artistic abilities
(B)Frighten simple nomadic groups from entering
Chinese borders
(C)Symbolize the power of Shi Huangdi
(D)Symbolically protect commerce on the Silk Road
(E) Protect the tombs of early Confucian scholars
(C) Symbolize the power of Shi Huangdi
The most important reason that the Chinese
civilization did not lose its identity after the fall of
the Han Dynasty was
(A)The rapid rise of another equally powerful
dynasty
(B)A shared belief in Confucianism
(C)The relative weakness of nomadic groups that
surrounded Chinese borders
(D)The leadership of Shi Huangdi
(E) Its relatively small geographical size
(B) A shared belief in Confucianism
Which of the following is NOT a concept
central to Buddhism?
(A)The Four Noble Truths
(B)Atman
(C)The Eightfold Path
(D)Nirvana
(E)The importance of meditation
(B) Atman
Which of the following belief systems
originated on the Indian subcontinent?
I. Buddhism
II. Hinduism
III. Confucianism
IV. Daoism
(A)I and II only
(B)II only
(C)II and III only
(D)II, III, and IV only
(E)IV only
(A) I and II only
Which of the following was a universalizing
religion of the era before 600 C.E.?
(A)Hinduism
(B)Judaism
(C)Daoism
(D)Christianity
(E)Confucianism
(D)Christianity
Which of the following factors was MOST
supportive of the rapid spread of Islam in the
years after its founding in the early 7th
century?
(A)Strong communications and travel networks on
the Arabian Peninsula
(B)Its appearance in the post-classical era, with
weaker organized states to oppose it
(C)The support of elite rulers in the areas that the
religion spread
(D)The lack of other strong religions in the areas
where the religion spread
(E) The high literacy rates in the Middle East and
northern Africa
(B) Its appearance in the post-classical era,
with weaker organized states to oppose it
One reason that Pope Urban II called for the
Crusades in 1095 was to
(A)Support the Seljuk Turks in their efforts to
capture Constantinople
(B)Defend Europe from attack by the Seljuk
Turks
(C)Promote Eastern Orthodoxy
(D)Improve trade relations between Europe
and the Middle East
(E)Unite the knights in a common cause for
Roman Catholicism
(E) Unite the knights in a common cause for
Roman Catholicism
Which of the following is an inaccurate
statement regarding “big picture”
characteristics of the period 600 to 1450?
(A)No one political format dominated the era.
(B)Trade and communications networks were
weaker than they had been before 600.
(C)Belief systems were unifying forces for
societies.
(D)Eastern and Western Hemispheres were
not joined.
(E)Most societies remained patriarchies with
clear social distinctions.
(B)Trade and communications networks were
weaker than they had been before 600.
Which of the following is true of both South
America and west Africa during the period 600
– 1450?
(A)Large, organized political states rose in
both areas.
(B)The economy in both areas was based
mainly on trade.
(C)Both areas traded regularly with Europe
and the Middle East.
(D)Civilizations in both areas centered on
river valleys.
(E)The main crops in both areas were
potatoes, maize, and beans.
(A)Large, organized political states rose in
both areas.
The religious split between Sunni and Shi’ite
Muslims originated in disagreement about
(A)Strategies for expansion of the faith
(B)Whether or not Muhammad was a divine
being
(C)The basis for succession of the caliph
(D)The location of the capital city of the
caliphate
(E)The treatment of conquered peoples
(C)The basis for succession of the caliph
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of
the political systems of western Europe and Japan
during the era 600 – 1450?
(A)Both areas were ruled by a highly centralized
government
(B)Japan’s political system was highly centralized;
western Europe developed multiple monarchies
(C)Political systems in both areas were based on
feudalistic ties among elites.
(D)The western European political system was
highly centralized; Japan’s political system was
headed by two rulers in two different places.
(E) In both systems, political legitimacy was based
on the belief that rulers were gods on earth.
(C)Political systems in both areas were based
on feudalistic ties among elites.
Which of the following was the most
important commodity controlled by west
African states in the long-distance trade
networks between 600 and 1450?
(A)Slaves
(B)Exotic animals
(C)Rice
(D)Gold
(E)Guns
(D)Gold
The architecture of the church
interior in this photograph is
an example of
(A)Gothic architecture
(B)The influence of the Romans
(C)The revival of interest in Greek architecture
(D)The triumph of the Eastern Orthodox
Church
(E)Renaissance architecture
(A)Gothic architecture
Among Muslims, the “People of the Book”
were
(A)Jews and Christians
(B)Devout Sunni Muslims
(C)Devout Shi’ite Muslims
(D)Scholars who interpreted Islamic principles
to common people
(E)Those who lived in urban areas of the
Middle East
(A)Jews and Christians
Islamic law codes that became well developed
during the Abbasid times are called
(A)The Qu’ran
(B)Hadith
(C)Shari’a
(D)Qanun
(E)The Five Pillars of the Faith
(C)Shari’a
The photograph of Todai-ji
Temple in Japan is an
example of
(A)Shinto architecture
(B)The influence of Confucianism in Japan
(C)The power of the shogun
(D)Respect for the emperor
(E)The influence of Buddhism in Japan
(E)The influence of Buddhism in Japan
Which of the following was NOT one of the
Germanic tribes that settled in Europe after
the fall of the Roman Empire?
(A)Visigoths
(B)Franks
(C)Huns
(D)Vandals
(E)Angels
(C)Huns
“That no one shall presume to rob…the churches of God, or widows, or orphans, or
pilgrims, for the lord emperor himself…has constituted himself their protector and
defender…
That no one shall presume to neglect a summons to war from the lord emperor; and that no
one of the Counts shall be so presumptuous as to dare to excuse any one of those who owe
military service…
…no one shall dare to neglect to pay his dues or tax.
…That the counts…shall provide most carefully, as they desire the goodwill of the emperor,
for the missi who are sent out…
Murders, by which a multitude of the Christian people perish, we command in every way to
be shunned and to be forbidden…”
The quote above from the Capitulary on the Missi issued in 802 was meant to solidify the
power of
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
The pope
The lords
King John of England
Charlemagne
Local priests
(D) Charlemagne
Franciscans and Dominicans are examples of
(A)Patriarchs in the Eastern Orthodox Church
(B)Bishops in the Roman Catholic Church
(C)Abbots in the Roman Catholic Church
(D)Jewish religious orders in medieval Europe
(E)Wandering religious orders in the Roman
Catholic Church
(E)Wandering religious orders in the Roman
Catholic Church
The reorganization of Roman law codes in a
format still used in the west was the work of
(A)Charlemagne
(B)Constantine
(C)Justinian
(D)Urban II
(E)Clovis
(C) Justinian
The mit’a labor system was used by the
(A)Maya
(B)People of Teotihuacan
(C)Toltecs
(D)Aztecs
(E)Incas
(E) Incas
Which of the following was NOT characteristic
of all Mesoamerican civilizations between 600
and 1450?
(A)Ball games were an important part of life.
(B)All used chinampas to raise agricultural
produce.
(C)All were polytheistic.
(D)All practiced human sacrifice.
(E)None relied heavily on animals to get their
work done.
(B)All used chinampas to raise agricultural
produce.
One difference between Roman Catholicism
and Eastern Orthodoxy during the period 1450
to 1750 is that in Eastern Orthodoxy
(A)Priests could not marry
(B)A separation exists between political and
religious leaders
(C)Gothic architecture was used for churches
(D)Theology was more influenced by Greek
philosophy
(E)Religious art conveyed Jesus as suffering
for the sins of mankind
(D)Theology was more influenced by Greek
philosophy
In all Mesoamerican civilizations the highest
social status was given to
(A)Merchants
(B)Artisans
(C)Priests
(D)Land owners
(E)Bureaucrats
(C)Priests
A difference between the Tang and Song
Dynasties of China is that during the Tang
Dynasty
(A)China was militarily weaker
(B)Culture was more refined
(C)China had less land space
(D)Women had more freedom to move about
(E)The ruling family was Han Chinese
(D)Women had more freedom to move about
An important religious clash occurred during
the late Tang era between
(A)Buddhism and Confucianism
(B)Islam and Buddhism
(C)Daoism and Confucianism
(D)Shintoism and Daoism
(E)Hinduism and Confucianism
(A)Buddhism and Confucianism
During the era of the Tang Dynasty, a tributary
state that cooperated with the Chinese but
operated with a great deal of independence
was
(A)Vietnam
(B)Minamoto Japan
(C)Silla on the Korean Peninsula
(D)The Jurchens
(E)The Uighurs
(C)Silla on the Korean Peninsula
The Tale of the Genji was the first book to be
written in
(A)Chinese
(B)Japanese
(C)Korean
(D)Vietnamese
(E)Mongolian
(B)Japanese
The nomadic group that formed the largest
empire in world history was the
(A)Huns
(B)Turks
(C)Uighurs
(D)Jurchens
(E)Mongols
(E)Mongols
During the period from 600 to 1450 the Indian
subcontinent experienced
(A)Competition between Buddhism and
Hinduism
(B)The introduction of Hinduism
(C)Islamic rule
(D)Sustained political fragmentation
(E)Economic prosperity based on trade
(C)Islamic rule
Which of the following political states was
(were) MORE powerful in 1750 than in 1450?
I. Britain
II. Ottoman Empire
III. Mughal Empire
IV. Russia
V. Japan
(A)I only
(B)I, II, and IV only
(C)II and III only
(D)I, IV, and V only
(E) IV and V only
(D) I, IV, and V only
All of the following were important events that
affected the development of Christianity
between 1450 and 1750 EXCEPT:
(A)The Protestant Reformation
(B)The initial split between Roman
Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy
(C)Missionary efforts by Jesuits in the
Americas, China, and Japan
(D)The Catholic Reformation
(E)The promotion of Russian Orthodoxy by
Russian tsars
(B)The initial split between Roman
Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy
Which of the following is true of both Spain
and France in the period between 1450 and
1750?
(A)Both had strong parliaments.
(B)Both were stronger in 1750 than in 1550.
(C)Both practiced absolutism.
(D)Both preferred to finance exploratory
voyages through joint-stock companies.
(E)Neither had significant land claims in the
Americas.
(C)Both practiced absolutism.
Which of the following did NOT live during the
period 1450 to 1750?
(A)Shi Huangdi
(B)Michelangelo
(C)Martin Luther
(D)Akbar
(E)Suleiman the Magnificent
(A)Shi Huangdi
Which of the following was MOST negatively
affected by the infusion of New World silver
into the world economy?
(A)Portugal
(B)Britain
(C)China
(D)Russia
(E)Ottoman Empire
(E)Ottoman Empire
Sati, the practice of a widow throwing herself
onto her husband’s funeral pyre, was most
commonly practiced in
(A)The Ottoman Empire
(B)Ming China
(C)Tokugawa Japan
(D)The Russian Empire
(E)The Mughal Empire
(E)The Mughal Empire
Which of the following was the LEAST
politically unified during the 16th century?
(A)Renaissance Italy
(B)Ming China
(C)Spain
(D)The Mughal Empire
(E)The Ottoman Empire
(A)Renaissance Italy
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(A)Guns
(B)Sugar
(C)Tobacco
(D)Slaves
(E) Gold
Which of the following
was most commonly
carried on “Leg Two”
of the Atlantic Circuit?
(D)Slaves
Which of the following profited the MOST
from the Atlantic Circuit during the 16th
century?
(A)Kongo
(B)France
(C)Spain
(D)The English colonies in North America
(E)The Swahili states
(C)Spain
In Russia, the position that most closely
matched the position of the “daimyo” in
Japan was
(A)Tsar
(B)Boyar
(C)Vizier
(D)Opricniki
(E)Patron
(B)Boyar
Which of the following correctly described
Britain during the early 18th century?
(A)It had established colonies in South
America.
(B)It had established a constitutional
monarchy.
(C)It controlled trade on the Indian Ocean.
(D)It was politically and economically weaker
than Spain.
(E)It had established a stable and growing
trade with Japan.
(B)It had established a constitutional
monarchy.
Most sugar plantations in the New World were
located in
(A)The southern British colonies and Mexico
(B)The Caribbean and Peru
(C)The French colonies in North America and
Brazil
(D)New Granada and La Plata
(E)The Caribbean and Brazil
(E)The Caribbean and Brazil
Which of the following had the LEAST real
political power during the era 1450 – 1750?
(A)The Spanish king
(B)The Ottoman sultan
(C)The Safavid shah
(D)The Japanese emperor
(E)The Russian tsar
(D)The Japanese emperor
Most people that lived in the Safavid Empire
during the 16th century were
(A)Sunni Muslim
(B)Shi’ite Muslim
(C)Sikhs
(D)Hindu
(E)Buddhist
(B)Shi’ite Muslim
The architecture depicted
in the photo is best
described as
(A)Medieval Gothic
(B)Arab Islamic
(C)Persian Islamic
(D)Hindu
(E)Renaissance
(E)Renaissance
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of
the African slave trade to the Middle East and the
African slave trade to the Americas?
(A)The overall number of slaves that went to the
Middle East was much larger.
(B)Women made up a larger percentage of the total
slave trade to the Americas.
(C)Women made up a larger percentage of the total
slave trade to the Middle East.
(D)A larger percentage of the slaves that went to the
Middle East were destined for work in plantations
fields.
(E) The Africans controlled the slave trade to the
Americas; Middle Easterners controlled the slave
trade to the Middle East.
(C)Women made up a larger percentage of the
total slave trade to the Middle East.
Which of the following rulers most directly
applied sea-based technology to his landbased empire?
(A)Kangxi
(B)Suleiman the Magnificent
(C)Abbas the Great
(D)Peter the Great
(E)Babur
(D)Peter the Great
“I do not feel obliged to believe that the same god who has
endowed us with senses, reason, and intellect has intended
to forgo their use and by some other means to give us
knowledge which we can attain by them.”
The quote above from Galileo’s Letter to the Grand Duchess
Christiana in 1615 most directly reflects a belief in
(A)Scholasticism
(B)Humanism
(C)Roman Catholicism
(D)Orthodox Christianity
(E)Mercantilism
(B)Humanism
Which of the following had the highest social
status in Latin American colonies?
(A)Peninsulares
(B)Creoles
(C)Amerindians
(D)Mestizos
(E)Mulattos
(A)Peninsulares
Which of the following most accurately compares
the relationship that English and Spanish colonists
had with Amerindians?
(A) Both English and Spanish colonists rejected Amerindian
crops and planting techniques.
(B) The English colonists dominated Amerindians; Spanish
colonists pushed Amerindians out of the way.
(C) The English colonists pushed Amerindians out of the
way; the Spanish colonists put Amerindians to work for
them.
(D) English colonists were more likely to marry Amerindians
than the Spanish colonists were.
(E) The English colonists were more interested in converting
Amerindians to Christianity than Spanish colonists were.
(C)The English colonists pushed Amerindians
out of the way; the Spanish colonists put
Amerindians to work for them.