Transcript SOL#2

SOL#2
__________ emerged in east Africa
between 100,000 and 400,000 years
ago.
Homo sapiens
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Homo sapiens migrated from
______ to Eurasia, Australia, and
the Americas.
Africa
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Early humans were _________ whose
survival depended on the availability of
wild plants and animals.
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Hunter-gatherer societies lived
during the ______ (Old Stone Age).
Paleolithic Era
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During the ________ the first tools,
including simple weapons were
first used.
Paleolithic Era
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During the ______ humans learned
how to make and use fire.
During the _________ humans
lived in clans and made cave art.
hunters and gatherers
Paleolithic Era
Paleolithic Era
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During the _______ humans developed
oral language in their tribes.
Paleolithic Era
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During the _______ humans were
nomadic, migrating in search of
food, water, shelter.
Paleolithic Era.
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During the _________ humans
developed agriculture.
Neolithic Era
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Animals and plants were
___________ during the Neolithic
Era.
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More advanced tools were used
during the _______ (New Stone
Age).
Neolithic Era
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People made pottery and the
development of weaving skills
occurred during the ________.
Neolithic Era
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___________ study past cultures by
locating and analyzing human remains,
settlements, fossils, and artifacts.
Archaeologists
domesticated
Archaeologists apply scientific tests,
such as ________, to analyze fossils and
artifacts.
carbon dating
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_________ is an example of an archaeological
site in England that was begun during the
Neolithic Age and completed during the
Bronze Age.
Stonehenge
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______ and ______ are examples
of early cities in the Fertile
Crescent studied by archaeologists.
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________ is an example of a Neolithic
settlement currently under excavation
in Anatolia (Asia Minor)
Aleppo/ Jericho
Çatalhöyük
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Tigris and Euphrates River surround
______ the cradle of civilization.
Mesopotamia
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The Egyptians’ civilization
depended on the ______ for life.
Nile River
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_______ River valley is where
Chinese civilization started.
Huang He
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A triangular peace of land at the mouth
of a river is called a _________.
Delta
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The _______ settled between the
Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan
River Valley.
Hebrews
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The ________ settled along the
Mediterranean coast and were some of
the best traders in ancient times.
Phoenicians
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The ________were located on the
upper (southern) Nile River.
Nubians
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The ________ was the world’s first
code of law.
Code of Hammurabi
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_______ was a very hash code of
laws made by a Babylonian King.
Code of Hammurabi
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The ________ were the moral code
of law for the Hebrews.
Ten Commandments
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__________was practiced by most
early civilizations.
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Monotheism was practiced by the
______- the first to worship this
way.
Hebrews
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A belief in more than one god?
Polytheism
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A belief in one god?
Polytheism
Monotheism
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________ is the father of Judaism.
Abraham
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_______ led the Hebrews out of
slavery in Egyptian exile and found
the Ten Commandments.
Moses
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_____ is one of the most holy cities in the
world. Three major religions consider it so.
Jerusalem
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The ________ contains the written
records and beliefs of the Jews.
Torah
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_______ state moral and religious
conduct for Jews and Christians
Ten Commandments
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The first written language was
_______ in Sumer.
Cuneiform
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Hieroglyphics was the written
language in _______.
Egypt
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The first Phonetic Alphabet was the
_________ Alphabet.
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The________ was known for its
tolerance of conquered peoples and the
fact that it developed an imperial
bureaucracy.
__________ was the religion of Persia,
where it had a belief in two opposing
forces in the universe.
Phoenician
Persian Empire
Zoroastrianism
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Physical barriers, such as the Himalayas,
the Hindu Kush, and the Indian Ocean,
made invasion difficult for the ________.
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The_____ and ______were the
important rivers in the Indian
subcontinent.
Indus/ Ganges
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Two early Indus River valley civilizations
were _______ and _____, which were
both native Indian civilizations
Harappa and
Mohenjo-Daro
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The _____migration to India was
very important and is how the
caste came to India.
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_____ was a large Indian Empire
that continued the political
unification of much of India.
Mauryan Empire
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______ was a Mauryan King that
spread of Buddhism through out
Asia.
Asoka
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The Golden Age of classical Indian
culture was the _______ Empire.
India
Aryans
Gupta
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_______ made contributions to India in the areas of
mathematics (concept of zero), medical advances
(setting bones), astronomy (concept of a round
earth), new textiles, literature
_________ is a rebirth based upon
karma.
Gupta
Reincarnation
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__________ is knowledge that all
thoughts and actions result in
future and a belief in Hinduism.
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The sacred writings of Hinduism is
the ________and ________.
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______ means the “in lighted one” .
Buddha
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_________ was a Indian religion
which was spread along major trade
routes.
Hinduism
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Buddha’s name was __________.
Karma
Vedas and
Upanishads
Siddhartha Gautama
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Siddhartha Gautama left Hinduism
because his belief that a ______ system
was unneeded in a religion.
Four Noble Truths and the
_____________ are the beliefs in
Buddhism.
Caste
Eightfold Path to
Enlightenment
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________’s missionaries and their
writings spread Buddhism from India to
China and other parts of Asia.
Asoka
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__________built the Great Wall as
a line of defense against invasions.
Qin Shi Huangdi
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__________ was built as a line of
defense against invasions in China.
The Great Wall
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The _______facilitated trade and
contact between China and other
cultures as far away as Rome.
Belief that humans are good, not bad
Respect for elders
Code of politeness (still used in Chinese society today)
Emphasis on education& Ancestor worship
Silk Road
Confucianism
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Humility
Simple life and inner peace
Harmony with nature
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The _____ and ________represented
opposites for Confucianism and Taoism.
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Greek cities were located on the
_______ and Peloponnesus
peninsula, Europe, Asia Minor
Balkan
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Athens, Sparta, and ______are
Greek city states.
Troy
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Agriculture is limited in Greece
because of the small amount of
______.
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Because of Greece's ______terrain
it both helped and hindered the
development of city-states.
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Colonization was prompted by
___________and the search for arable
land.
Taoism
Yin & yang
arable land
Mountainous
overpopulation
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Greek mythology was based on
_________religion.
polytheistic
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Greek ________offered
explanations of natural phenomena,
human qualities, and life events
mythology
_______ was the king of the Greek
gods.
Zeus
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________ was the Greek goddess of
marriage and was the wife of Zeus.
Hera
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_______ was the twin brother of
Artemis and the god of light.
Apollo
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______ was the twin sister of
Apollo and was the goddess of the
hunt.
Artemis
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______ was the goddess of Athens
and is the goddess of wisdom.
Athena
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______ was the Greek goddess of
love.
Aphrodite
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In Greece _______(free adult males)
had political rights and the responsibility
of civic participation in government.
Citizens
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In Greece ______, slaves, and
foreigners had no political rights.
Women
The Stages in the evolution of Athenian
government were Monarchy,
aristocracy, tyranny, ___________.
democracy
________ was a tyrant that made a
hash code of law in Athens.
Draco
________ was a tyrant that ended
Debtors prison in Athens.
Solon
Athens had a _________democracy.
Direct
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______ in Greece had a Oligarchy
as their government.
Sparta
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The Greek city state of ______ had
Rigid social structure
Sparta
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Sparta was a ________and
aggressive society
Militaristic
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The ________ wars united Athens
and Sparta against the Persian
Empire.
Persian
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________victories over the Persians at
Marathon and Salamis left Greeks in
control of the Aegean Sea.
Athenian
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Athens preserved its independence and
continued innovations in government
and culture after the__________.
Persian War
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________was in the Delian
League.
Athens
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_____ was a War between Athens
and Sparta
______was part of the
Peloponnesian League.
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The result of the ____________ was the
slowing of cultural advance and the
weakening of political power in Greece.
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The Golden Age of _______mostly
occurred between the Persian and
the Peloponnesian Wars.
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_______extended democracy to
most adult males and gave an equal
voice in Athens government.
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Pericles had Athens rebuilt after
destruction in the Persian Wars; the
________is an example of this
reconstruction.
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Wrote the Iliad and Odyssey
Peloponnesian War
Sparta
Peloponnesian War
Pericles
Pericles
Parthenon
Homer
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This Greek is the worlds first
historian?
Herodotus
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Who was the first Greek to write
history like a science?
Thucydides
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______ was a great Greek made
many great Sculptures.
Phidias
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_______was a great figure in the
history of Medicine.
Hippocrates
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He is one of the greatest scientist in
Greek history ?
Archimedes
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The Father of Geometry was
_______.
2
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2
Euclid
2
A + B= C
Pythagoras
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This philosopher was put to death
for corrupting the youth of Athens?
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What philosopher wrote the
Republic?
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________ was the philosopher that
was the tutor of Alexander the
Great.
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____________of Macedon
conquered most of Greece.
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____________ established an
empire from Greece to Egypt and
the margins of India
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He extended Greek cultural
influences?
The ____________ is the blend of
Greek and oriental elements
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
King Philip II
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great
Hellenistic Age
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_______ is centrally located in the
Mediterranean Basin and distant from
eastern Mediterranean powers
Rome
Rome is located on the _________
Italian
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Peninsula.
Rome is protected from the North
by the largest Mountain chain in
Europe called the ______.
Alps
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Roman mythology is based on the
_______polytheistic religion.
Greek
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_______ was the king of the Roman
gods.
Jupiter
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________ was the Roman goddess
of marriage and was the wife of
Jupiter.
Juno
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There was wars resulted in Roman victory, the
destruction of Carthage, and expanded trade
and wealth for Rome.
Three
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_______ was the twin brother of
Diana and the Roman god of light.
Apollo
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______ was the twin sister of
Apollo and was the Roman goddess
of the hunt.
Diana
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______ was the Roman goddess of
wisdom.
Minerva
______ was the Roman goddess of
love.
Venus
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The ______ were the powerful
nobility in Rome and were few in
number.
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The _________made up the
majority of the population in Rome
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In Rome ______was not based
on race.
Patricians
Plebeians
Slavery
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To be a ______________ of Roman
one had to be a Patrician or
plebeian men.
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Roman had a representative
democracy called a ________.
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There were two __________in the
senate and they could be become
dictators in times of war.
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The laws of Rome were called
the______________.
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Rome fought ___________ in the
Punic Wars.
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Rome and Carthage were in
competition for trade which lead to
the first ______________.
_______invaded the Italian
Peninsula in the Second Punic War.
Citizen
Republic
Consuls
Twelve Tables
Carthage
Punic War
Hannibal
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Rome conquered _______(modern day
France) and started the invasion of
British Isle under Julius Caesar.
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The spread of _______crushed the
agricultural system Rome.
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There was Civil war in Rome by
_______ when he Rubicon River
with his army.
Gaul
slavery
Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar, Marcus Crassus, and
Pompeius Magnus
First triumvirate
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Julius Caesar seized power and
than was _________by the senate
on the Ides of March.
assassinated
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Augustus Caesar had a Civil war
with ______ and defeat him.
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________ was Rome’s first emperor
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Marc Anthony
Augustus Caesar
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One of the failures of the Roman
empire was to provide for peaceful
succession of the_________.
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_______ was two centuries of
peace and prosperity under
imperial Roman rule.
The Pax Romana
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During __________ there was an
expansion / solidification of the Roman
Empire, particularly in the Near East
The Pax Romana
During the Pax Romana there was a
established uniform system of______,
which helped to expand trade
money
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During the Pax Romana there was
guaranteed safe travel and trade
on Roman______.
roads
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Christianity had its roots in_______.
Judaism
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The founder of Christianity
was__________, who was proclaimed
the Messiah.
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Emperors
Jesus of Nazareth
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Christianity is a ________religion.
Monotheist
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Jesus as both _____and incarnation
of God.
Son
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Christians believe in ______after
death.
Life
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The_________, containing accounts of
the life and teachings of Jesus, as well as
writings of early Christians
New Testament
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Christian _______ were established
by early church councils.
doctrines
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Christianity was carried by the
Apostles, including______,
throughout the Roman Empire.
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Many early Christians were ______or
dyeing for their beliefs which inspired
many other Romans.
Paul
martyrs
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The Emperor _______converted to
Christianity and made it legal.
Constantine
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Because Emperor _______ became a
Christian Christianity would 40 years later
became the official state religion of Rome.
Constantine
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The Church of Rome became a
source of ______authority rather
than the Emperor.
moral
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Loyalty to the ______became more
important than loyalty to the
Roman Emperor.
Church
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The ________of Rome became the
main unifying force of Western
Europe.
Church
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The _____ was the domed temp to
the Roman gods.
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The ______ was a giant stadium used
for gladiator fights and other games
in the city of Rome.
Pantheon
Colosseum
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The ______was a giant Roman
market place.
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The Romans used a ________to
carry fresh water to there cities.
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The Roman _____was a major
design that was used in the making
of aqueducts and the Colosseum.
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_______was a Roman scientist
whose textbooks help many future
generations.
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The Romans spoke the
_________language.
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______’s Aeneid was wrote to
inspire patriotic feels among his
fellow Romans.
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Rome losses its iron Military and the Army
membership started to include non-Romans,
resulting in decline of__________.
Forum
aqueducts
arch
Ptolemy
Latin
Virgil
discipline
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Move of the capital by Constantine from
Rome to Byzantium, renaming
it_______________.
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Survival of the Western Roman
Empire until ________a.d when
Rome fell to the Germanic Tribes.
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________ was the year when
Rome ceased to have a Emperor.
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The Eastern Roman Empire became
known as the _______Empire.
Byzantine
SOL#11
The ______ civilization is
represented by the city of Chichén
Itzá.
Mayan
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The _________ civilization was
located in the Mexican and Central
American rain forests.
Mayan
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The early American people called
_________ lived in groups of city-states
ruled by kings
Constantinople
476
476 a.d.
Mayan
The Mayans based there economy
based on _____and trade.
agriculture
Mayans had a polytheistic religion
in which they used _______ as
places of worship and sacrifice.
Pyramids
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The ____________ were located in
a arid valley in central Mexico.
Aztec
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Tenochtitlan was a _____________
city in the Americas.
Aztec
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The _______ were ruled by an
emperor and lived in Central
Mexico.
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Aztec
The Aztec economy based on
agriculture and _________from
conquered peoples.
tribute
The Aztecs had a ________religion in
which they used Pyramids in there
religious rituals.
Polytheistic
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The Inca were located in the
___________Mountains of South
America
Andes
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The ________ are represented by
Machu Picchu, the city in the
clouds.
Incan
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The ________ economy based on
high-altitude agriculture.
Incan
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The _________ Empire was the largest
in the Americas and because of its size
they built a large Road system to help
control it.
Incan
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The Pope anointed
__________Emperor in 800 A.D.
(C.E.)
SOL#9
The __________served religious
and social needs of the people
during the Middle Ages..
SOL#9
_______preserved Greco-Roman
cultural achievements during the
Middle Ages.
Charlemagne
parish priests
Monasteries
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Missionaries carried Christianity and
Latin alphabet to the ______tribes.
SOL#9
In Feudal society during the Middle
Ages if you were given a peace land it
was called a ________.
Fief
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A __________ had feudal
obligations to there lord.
Vassal
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___________lived on Manors and
had no real rights except the
protection the manor provided.
Serfs
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The _______system during the
Middle Ages had a Rigid class
structure.
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_______during the Middle Ages
were self-sufficient.
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The ___________emerged as a force in
Western Europe in the early Middles
Ages.
Germanic
Manorial
Manors
Franks
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During the Age of ______the power of
the Church was established in political
life.
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During the Age of Charlemagne
__________culture was
reinterpreted.
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Under the leadership of the great
Frankish King _________ new Churches,
roads, and schools were built to unite the
empire.
SOL#9
The Germanic tribes of the Angles
and Saxons migrated from
continental Europe to_________.
Charlemagne
Roman
Charlemagne
England
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The Magyars migrated from
Central Asia to__________.
Hungary
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The _______migrated from
Scandinavia to Russia.
Vikings
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Manors with __________provided
protection from invaders, reinforcing
the feudal system.
castles
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During the middle ages invasions
disrupted trade, towns declined, and
the _______system was strengthened.
feudal
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________the Conqueror, leader of
the Norman Conquest, united most
of England in 1066 A.D..
William
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Common law had its beginnings in
England during the reign of______ .
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King _____signed the Magna Carta
in 1215, limiting the king’s power.
SOL#12
The________’ War between
England and France helped define
England as a nation.
SOL#12
_________ government is ran by
the Parliament (House of Commons
& House of Lords).
SOL#12
Hugh Capet established the French throne
in_______, and his dynasty gradually
expanded their control over most of France.
Henry II
John
Hundred Years
England
Paris
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_____was a unifying factor in France
during the Hundred Year’s War.
SOL#12
Ferdinand and Isabella of
________unified the country and
expelled Jews and Moors.
Spain
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The _______Empire in the Western
Hemisphere expanded under
Charles V.
Spanish
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__________threw off the rule of the
Mongols, centralized power in Moscow,
and expanded the Russian nation.
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The Power of Russia was
centralized in the hands of the
there________.
The Russian _______Church
influenced unification of Russia
after the Mongols.
The __________were carried out by Christian
political and religious leaders to take control
of the Holy Land from the Muslims.
Joan of Arc
Ivan the Great
tsar
Orthodox
Crusades
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Pope________’s speech made a speech
(counsel of Clermont) that started the
Crusades.
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The city of ________ was capture
by Christians after the first
Crusades.
Urban
Jerusalem
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________was recaptured by the
Muslims under Saladin.
Jerusalem
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The Crusaders Sacked the city of
_________in the fourth Crusaded.
Constantinople
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The Crusades stimulated
________throughout the Mediterranean
area and the Middle East
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The ___________ invaded Russia,
China, and Muslim states in Southwest
Asia, destroying cities and countryside
Mongol armies
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_________fell to the Ottoman
Turks in 1453, ending the
Byzantine Empire
Constantinople
trade
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The Black Death was also known
as the_______.
Bubonic plague
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The ________made a decline in the
population and made a Scarcity of
labor opening up the economy.
Black Death
The _______caused a decline of
Church influence because they
could not spot it
plague
In the Middle Ages ______scholars
Were among the very few who
could read and write
Church
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The ______left a legacy of
bitterness among Christians, Jews,
and Muslims.
Crusades
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In the fourteenth century, the
____decimated the population of much
of Asia and then the population of much
of Europe.
SOL#12
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SOL#7
Location of the city of _______was a distance from
Germanic invasions in the western empire and Easily
fortified site on a peninsula bordered by natural
harbors.
Black Death
Constantinople
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_________was the seat of the
Byzantine Empire until Ottoman
conquest.
SOL#7
Byzantine Emperor ______made a
codification of Roman law called Justinian's
Code which had a impact on European legal
codes through out the Middle Ages.
Justinian
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Byzantine Emperor ______ made
reconquest of the former Roman
territories.
Justinian
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An ______ is a religious images.
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A _______is a picture made out of
small tiles and are in public /
religious structures.
Mosaic
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The _______is a Byzantine domed
church in Constantinople.
Hagia Sophia
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In Byzantine culture the ____language
was spoke in contrast with Latin in the
West.
Greek
Constantinople
Icon
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In _____culture Greek Orthodox
Christianity is practiced.
SOL#7
Much of the Greek and Roman
knowledge was preserved in
Byzantine _________.
SOL#7
The division between Western and Eastern Churches
was over the authority of the ____which was
eventually accepted in the West and the authority of
the Patriarch accepted in the East.
SOL#7
The adoption of ____Christianity
by Russia and much of Eastern
Europe.
SOL#7
The adoption of Greek alphabet for
the Slavic languages by St. Cyril
lead to the _________alphabet.
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SOL#8
The origins of Islam _____is the
Prophet.
Mecca and Medina on the
____Peninsula and are early Muslim
cities.
Byzantine
libraries
Pope
Orthodox
Cyrillic
Muhammad
Arabian
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Muhammad was from the city of
__________, now the most holy city in
all of Islam.
Mecca
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______is a Arabic word for God.
Allah
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The ________is the word of God
for the religion of Islam and is
there holy book.
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The _______of Islam are the major
beliefs such as daily prayer and
taking a hajj to Mecca.
SOL#8
Muhammad and his followers
spread the religion of_________.
Islam
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The ______language spread with
Islam and facilitated trade across
Islamic lands.
Arabic
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After the death of Ali the Muslims split
into two fractions called ________ and
________
Qur’an (Koran)
Five Pillars
Sunni-Shi’a
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The Muslim conquered the cities of
Jerusalem and ______ in the Fertile
Crescent.
SOL#8
The Islamic capital was moved to
__________one most advanced cities
on earth.
SOL#8
The Muslim defeat at the Battle of
_____ by the Franks stopped the
advancement of Islam into Europe.
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The fall of Baghdad to the ______was a
turning point in Islamic history and the
start of the decline of the Islamic
Empire.
Mongols
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The _________was a masque in built over
the stone on which Muhammad went into
heaven from and is one of the most beautiful
building in the world.
Dome of the Rock
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The Dome of the Rock is a
beautiful masque in the city of
______.
SOL#8
The ______numerals adapted from
India, including number zero.
Damascus
Baghdad
Tours
Jerusalem
Arabic
Silk Road
SOL#10
________is a trade route that across Asia
to the Mediterranean basin.
SOL#10
______was a major trade idem from
West Africa.
Gold
SOL#10
Mountainous islands of Japan make
a _____four main islands.
archipelago
SOL#10
_________is the ethnic religion
unique to Japan.
SOL#10
Shinto places importance of natural features,
forces of nature, ancestors, and State religion
with worship of the_______
SOL#10
The _______is located relative to the
Ethiopian Highlands /Nile River and is a
Christian kingdom.
SOL#10
_______was located between the
Zambezi and Limpopo rivers and the
Indian Ocean coast.
Shinto
emperor
Axum
Zimbabwe
SOL#10
The city of “Great_______” as capital of
a prosperous empire of Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe
SOL#10
Location of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai
empires relative to _______River and
the Sahara.
SOL#10
The West African kingdoms had an
importance in gold and _____to
trans-Saharan trade.
SOL#10
The West African city of
_______as a center of trade and
learning.
Timbuktu
______, Venice, and Genoa had access
to trade routes connecting Europe with
Middle Eastern markets
Florence
SOL#13
Florence, Venice, and Genoa were
initially independent
_____governed as republics.
city-states
SOL#13
________wrote a book about
government called The Prince.
SOL#13
Niger
salt
Machiavelli
SOL#13
_______maintains that the end justifies the
means and advises that one should not only do
good if possible, but do evil when necessary.
Machiavelli
SOL#13
Medieval art and literature focused
on the ______and salvation
Church
SOL#13
________art and literature focused
on individuals and worldly matters,
along with Christianity.
Renaissance
SOL#13
Leonardo da Vinci painted
the______ and_________.
SOL#13
_______painted the ceiling of the
Sistine Chapel in Rome.
SOL#13
Michelangelo made the statue of
_______ which was 12 feet tall.
SOL#13
______was a Sonnet writer, and
was the father of humanism.
Mona Lisa/ The Last
Supper
Michelangelo
David
Petrarch
SOL#13
______is the celebration of the individual and
stimulated the study of classical Greek and
Roman literature and culture
SOL#13
The ____Renaissance was made out of
the growing wealth in Northern Europe
supported Renaissance ideas.
SOL#13
The Northern Renaissance thinkers
merged ______ideas with
Christianity.
humanist
__________ movable type printing
press and the production and sale of
books helped disseminate ideas of the
Northern Renaissance.
Gutenberg’s
SOL#13
_____ invented the movable type
printing press one of the most
important inventions in history.
Gutenberg
SOL#13
One Northern Renaissance writer
was ______ who wrote The Praise
of Folly in 1511A.D.
Erasmus
SOL#13
One Northern Renaissance writer was
_____who wrote the Utopia in 1516
A.D.
SOL#13
Humanism
Northern
Sir Thomas More