Transcript Napoleon As Emperor

Napoleon As Emperor
“Great ambition is the passion of a great
character. He who is endowed with it, may
perform either very great actions, or very
bad ones; all depends upon the principles
which direct him.”
---Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Becomes Emperor
1804, Napoleon
declared himself
Emperor and took
complete control of
France.
Conflict with Britain
France and Britain
signed a treaty in 1802
to halt fighting between
the nations.
By 1805, Napoleon
wanted to break the
treaty and invade
Britain.
Battle of Trafalgar—
Napoleon attempted a
naval invasion of Britain
but was defeated.
Continental System
Napoleon tried to weaken
Britain economically
He forbade his conquered
lands to trade with Britain
Britain responded by
blockading ships headed
towards European ports
Britain maintained control
of the seas, and the
French economy suffered
from the Continental
System
Napoleon’s Empire
By 1812, Napoleon
controlled most of
Europe
He controlled land
from the Russian
border down to Spain
Nationalism
Napoleon’s dominance
in Europe created a
strong sense of
nationalism in
conquered territoriespride in one’s country &
desire for self-rule
In 1812, Spanish
nationalists overthrew
French forces and
reinstated their old king
Conflict with Russia
1811, Russia resumed
trade with Britain and
prepared to fight with
France
1812, Napoleon
assembled 600,000 men
to invade Russia
Russia adopted the
Scorched-Earth Policy—
to destroy everything
before the French could
seize it.
Russia continued…
By the time the French
retreated from Russia,
400,000 men had died of
starvation, exposure to
the extreme Russian
winter, or battle wounds.
October 1813, Russia,
Prussia and Austria
joined together to defeat
France.
Napoleon’s Demise
March 1814, Napoleon
was forced to abdicate
and power was restored
to Louis XVIII (brother
of Louis XVI)
Napoleon was exiled to
the island of Elba and
French borders were
restored to where they
had been prior to 1792
Napoleon’s Defeat
March 1, 1815 Napoleon
returned to France and won
the support of many people
The Hundred Days: the
period Napoleon ruled but
claimed no more territorial
claims
June 1815 Britain, Prussia
and the Netherlands began
an invasion towards France
Napoleon met them in
Waterloo (Netherlands)
Napoleon was easily
defeated and placed under
house arrest on the island of
St. Helena. He died there in
1821.
Napoleon’s Legacy
Stopped the French
Revolution
Spread ideas of equality
before the law
Religious toleration
Advancement by merit
rather than birth
Reformed tax system
Promoted education
Improved agriculture and
industry
Europe After Napoleon
Congress of Vienna:
Britain, Austria, Prussia
and Russia met in Vienna
(1815)
Wanted to work out a
peace agreement for
Europe
Hoped to restore balance
of power in Europe by
changing national
borders and settling
disputes among nations
Europe after 1815
As a result of the
Congress of Vienna,
France lost all
territory that had been
conquered by
Napoleon
Prussia, Russia,
Austria, and Britain
divided up the
territory amongst
themselves