Transcript Finishing Napoleon

Finishing Napoleon
His Government
Napoleonic Era
 NAPOLEON’S RISE TO POWER – He
was a military hero and seized power of
the government through a coup d’etat
 NAPOLEON’S GOVERNMENT – kept the
form of a Republic but he was really a
dictator
 CONSULATE – was made up of 3
Consuls but Napoleon was the 1st Consul
Napoleon’s Government
Napoleon’s
Government
Napoleon’s Government
 Concordat
 Official recognition that most French citizens
were Catholic, but it still allowed religious
freedom
Napoleon’s Government
 Napoleonic Code
 All French law organized under Napoleon’s
direction
 Think of when mom or dad says, “What I say
goes!”…except for a whole country
Napoleon’s Government
 Bank of France
 A central bank supported by the government
Napoleon’s Government
 Public Education
 System of schools including high schools,
universities, and technical schools to improve
France’s future
 Elementary education was left to the control
of churches and local governments
Napoleon’s Government
 Ended the Alliance of France’s Former
Enemies
 By 1802, Napoleon was able to either make
peace with Great Britain, Austria, and Russia
or get them to desert each other
Napoleon’s Empire
 Look at the picture on p. 332
 Why do you think Napoleon takes the
crown from the Pope and puts it on
himself?
 Answer: To show that the power of the
empire rests with Napoleon, not the Pope
Napoleon’s Empire
 Why did Napoleon’s successes lead to the
collapse of the coalition vs. France?
 Who was in that coalition?
 Answer: Great Britain, Austria, Russia vs.
France and Spain; by continually winning on the
battlefield the coalition collapsed
Napoleon’s Empire
 Look at the map on p. 333
 How did Napoleon expand France’s empire?
 Answer: He used his military strength to force
Austria and Prussia to sign peace treaties with
him as he expanded east; Russia aligned with
France
 What happened to the Holy Roman Empire?
 Answer: Napoleon abolished it; all of Italy was
united and became part of the French Empire
 EMPEROR – 1804 – PLEBISCITE
 French Empire- Emperor Napoleon I
 Expansion of France – Conquered most of Continental
Europe and then blockaded the British Isles which was
called the Continental System
 REORGANIZATION OF EUROPE – He placed members
of his family on the thrones of conquered lands (for
example Joseph Bonaparte became King of Spain)
 MILITARY PROBLEMS
 Nationalism – Napoleons actions led to increased
feelings of Nationalism in the conquered countries
 PENINSULAR WAR – 1808 TO 1814 – Duke
Wellington joined with Portugal and Spain; this
weakened his military
 CATASTROPHE IN RUSSIA – Czar Alexander I
 France decided to attack Russia when the czar of Russia started
trading with Britain again
 France invaded Russia with 600,000 troops in 1812
 Russians used a scorched-earth policy and burned Moscow after it
was captured, leaving the French without housing as a harsh winter
approached
 Since Napoleon had already lost many soldiers to disease, cold,
hunger, and battle, he ordered a retreat on October 19, 1812
The Beginning of the End
 But to retreat, people have to go back where they came
from—and so much had been burned down
 The soldiers were without proper clothing and supplies,
leading to many deaths by cold and starvation and were
under attack from Russians in the countryside
 This led western European monarchs to break any
alliances with France
 Prussia, Britain, Austria, and Russia aligned to crush
France; Paris was captured in 1814 and Napoleon gave
up all claims to the throne
 FINAL DEFEAT – 1814 - LOUIS XVIII is put on the Throne
 100 DAYS – ELBA – MARCH 1, 1815
 Waterloo - Duke Wellington
 St. Helena
Extra Slide
 Explain the Hundred Days.
 Answer: Napoleon regained the faith of the
French army and forced King Louis XVIII to flee.
 However, Prussia, Great Britain, and the
Netherlands sent armies to stop Napoleon and
he was defeated for the final time on June 18,
1815