Transcript World War I

Kony 2012 Writing Assignment
Extra Credit
KONY 2012 – Video Link
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y4MnpzG5Sqc
Slactivism: The act of participating in obviously pointless activities
as an expedient alternative to actually expending effort to fix a
problem. (ex: wearing a wristband rather than working in a soup
kitchen)
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Task: Choose to defend the Kony 2012 video against slactivism
OR attack the Kony 2012 video for furthering slactivism.
Responses should 2 pages double spaced. Use examples from
the video to explain why Kony 2012 is or is not an example of
slactivism. Try and give examples of other slacktivist activities in
your argument.
Use complete sentences and proper grammar.
World War I
Great War
“War to End All Wars”
War
Revolutionary
War
Number
Serving
Battle
Deaths
Disease &
Accidents
Woun
ded
Total
Casualties
NA
4,435
NA
6,188
NA
War of 1812
286,730
2,260
NA
4,505
NA
Mexican War
78,718
1,733
11,550
4,152
17,435
2,213,363
140,414
224,097
281,88
1
646,392
306,760
385
2,061
1,662
4,108
4,743,826
53,513
63,195
204,00
2
320,710
16,353,659
292,131
115,185
670,84
6
1,078,162
Korean War
5,764,143
33,651
NA
103,28
4
NA
Vietnam War
8,744,000
47,369
10,799
153,30
3
211,147
467,539
148
145
467
760
Civil War
SpanishAmerican War
World War I
World War II
Persian Gulf
War
World War I
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War fought between 1914-1918
# mobilized in the war
French 8.5 mill
Brit 9 mill
Russia 12 mill
Germ 11 million
US 4.3 mill
“One out of every 4 men who went out to
World War did not come back again/” “those
that do come back are maimed, blind, and
some are mad.”
Central Powers
(Triple Alliance)
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empire
Allies
(Triple Entente)
Great Britain
Serbia
Montenegro
Belgium
Japan
Italy
(switched sides)
France
Russia
Romania
Greece
Portugal
Green Allies, Orange Central Powers, Gray Neutral
Conscription
 Conscription-All
nations set up a
draft.
 Gov raised taxes borrowed
money, rationed food.
 Propaganda, both sides.
Causes of WWI
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Militarism
 Building
up strong armed forces
and an overall praise of the
military.
 Before WWI tension and rivalry
amongst European nations led
countries like Germany and
Britain to expand the army and
navy in preparation for war
Alliances
 Agreement
between nations to
help and support one another in
war.
 Before WWI rivalry and tension
caused the nations of Europe to
form secret alliances in which
they promised to support one
another in case of an attack.
Imperialism


Extending political, military and
economic control over another area.
Before WWI the major powers of
Europe competed with one another for
colonies in Africa, Asia and the Pacific.
Increased rivalry and tension between
the major powers of Europe.
Nationalism


Pride in one’s country. Major powers of
Europe were anxious to show off their
military might and prove their strength
and power to their rivals.
Different ethnic and language groups
often did not match the political
borders in Europe prior to WWI
leading to tension.
Kaiser Wilhelm II
 1888 he became ruler of Germany
 Built a colonial empire; began
shipbuilding program to compete
with Britain.
Austria and Russia at odds
 Serbia had a large Slavic population.
 Russia (mostly Slavic) supported
Serbian nationalism and they could
finally get an easy route to the Med
Sea.
 Austria-Hungary did not support Serbian
nationalism because it threatened their
power.

In 1914 Bosnia/ Herzegovina was controlled
by Austria. Austria had annexed Bosnia in
1908, a move that was not popular with the
Bosnian people.
How War Began
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“Powder keg of Europe” Area on the
Balkan Peninsula; mountainous region in
SE corner of Europe.
June 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir
to Austrian throne) visited Bosnian capital
Sarajevo.
Serbian Nationalist Gavrilo Princip shot
Archduke and his wife in a crowd.
Serbia and Austria in war, but pulled others
from alliances into conflict.
Domino Effect
 7/28
Austria declares war.
Russia mobilizes troops along
Austrian and German border.
 8/1 Germany declares war on
Russia.
 8/3 Germany declares war on
France.
Schlieffen Plan
Germany’s military plan to first attack France
using 90% of the military force then race east
to attack Russia
Purpose: Avoid two front war
 Schlieffen Plan in ruins; Germans must fight on
TWO fronts.
 Quick victory in the West not possible; Russians
already attacking in the East.
Why Schlieffen Plan
unsuccessful?
Russia mobilized quicker than
expected.
 Britain declared war on Germany
following Germany’s attack on
Belgium.
 Germany had no back up plan.

Western Front
Stretched from Belgium in the North to
Switzerland in the South.
 German army crossed Belgian border in
1914 occupying Brussels before entering
France.
 British and French armies marched to
stop the German advance
 By September prevented the Germans
from marching on Paris.

BELGIUM
GERMANY
FRANCE
Trench Warfare on W. Front
Crossed France from the Belgian coast to
the Swiss Alps.
By 1915- Miles of deep parallel ditches dug
out of the earth muddy, filled with rats.
To avoid losing land Germs build trench,
Allies build their own.
Area btwn two trenches called “no man’s
land”.
On orders soldiers would come “over the
top” out of the trenches to attack the
opposing troops.
NO
BARBED
WIRE
MANS
BRITISH
TRENCHES
LAND
GERMAN
TRENCHES
NO MAN’S
LAND
ENEMY
ELBOW
REST
Effects of Soldiers
 Filth,
lice, rats, and polluted water
caused dysentery.
 Stench of decaying bodies, inhaled
poison gas, lack of sleep, “shell
shock” emotional collapse,
 “Trench foot”-standing in cold wet
trenches for long periods of time
without dry socks. Toes
amputated, sometimes whole foot.
Foot inspection. Trench foot, caused
by Standing for long periods in cold,
wet trenches caused many casualties
Lusitania
1915- U Boat sank Lusitania ship
on coast of Ireland. 1,198 lives
lost. 128 Americans.
 Germany response- Ship had
ammunition on it.
 3 months later another U Boat
sank (more American lives lost).

War impact women
Women replaced men in the
factories
 Served non combat positions
such as nurses.

1914-1915 Stalemate
 Neither
Germ nor French could
dislodge each other from
trenches.
 Trenches kept both sides in
same positions for years
War at Sea
Britain's tactic-keep German ships in
German ports and to block supplies
from reaching Germany. (Germ ppl
starve)
 Germany's tactic - post U-boats
(submarines) in the Atlantic ocean and
destroy ships taking supplies from
America and other countries to Britain
 US remained neutral but traded
with Brit more.

U-BOAT
Zimmerman Note
Alliance btwn Mexico and Germany.
 Telegram Promised if war broke out in
the U.S., Germany would support
Mexico in recovering “lost territory in
Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.
 1917-US entered war
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Convoy System
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British had heavy guarded destroyers
escort merchant ships back and forth
across Atlantic.
English nurse on 90 degree day
“ stopping hemorrhages, replacing
intestines, draining rubber tubes
with gruesome human remains
heaped on the floor.”
Eastern Front
GERMANY
RUSSIA
POLAND
Eastern Front
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Btwn Russia and Germany and AustriaHungary
Germany launched counter-offensive and
pushed Russia back.
Attack and counter-attack continued for
the first two years of the war
Eastern Front changed position as land
was captured and lost by both sides.
Eastern Front
Russia made early gains but pushed
back by German army.
More mobile war along this border,
however stalemates and large
casualties still common.
 Italy broke their alliance and entered
war on Allies side attacking Austria
1915. (secret alliance with France)
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Russia
March 1918 – Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
signed, removed Russia from the war
against Germany.
 Following two revolutions in 1917 Czar
Nicholas removed and Vladimir Lenin was
placed in power in Russia, (Bolshevik
party)
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Russia was short on food and fuel.
 Russia
surrendered lands to
Germany (Finland, Poland,
Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia and
Lithuania).

Russia became communist March
1918
Global Conflict
Success in SW Asia
 British
“helped” the Arab
people rise up against Turkish
rulers; Arabs led raids agst
Turkish rulers and helped the
Allied armies took control of
Baghdad, Jerusalem and
Damascus.
Asia/Africa
Japanese overran Germany outposts in
China and Germany’s colonial possessions in
the South Pacific.
 English and French troops attacked four
African possessions and gained control over
three.
 Other Allied powers – India, South Africa,
Senegal, Egypt, Algeria and Indochina

Weapons
New Weapons of War
Poison Gas, Rifle, Machine
Gun, guns shells exploded
on impact) Tank, Airplane,
Submarine.
Rather than speeding war up
the new weaponry slowed
war down.
Gas
German army -first to use chlorine
gas in 1915.
 Caused burning sensation in the
throat and chest pains.
 Suffocate to death
 If the wind is in the wrong direction
it could end up killing your own
troops rather than the enemy.

British soldiers blinded by mustard gas

British Gas 1914-1918
Deaths
Non Fatal
Chlorine
Mustard Gas
1,976
4,086
164,457
16,528
One nurse, Vera Brittain, wrote:
"I wish those people who talk about
going on with this war whatever it
costs could see the soldiers suffering
from mustard gas poisoning. Great
mustard-colored blisters, blind eyes,
all sticky and stuck together, always
fighting for breath, with voices a mere
whisper, saying that their throats are
closing and they know they will
choke."
Mustard gas deadly weapon used.
It was fired into the trenches
 colorless and takes 12 hours to
take effect.
 blistering skin, vomiting, sore
eyes, internal and external
bleeding. Death can take up to 5
weeks.

Zeppelin
 Also
blimp, airship by the
Germans
 carried machine guns and
bombs.
 abandoned because they were
easy to shoot out of the sky.
Tanks & Planes used for
first time
Tanks- maximum speed was 3mph
and it could not cross trenches.
 Planes-Fights between two planes
in the sky became known as
'dogfights'
 (Planes did not have great impact)

U Boats
Underwater ships launch
torpedoes, guided underwater
bombs.
 Germans blow up ships carrying
supplies from America to Britain.

End of War
Central Powers crumble
 Bulgarians
& Ottomans drop out.
 Austrian-Hungary goes into revolution in
October and drops out.
 Finally, on November 9, 1918 Wilhelm is
forced to step down; Germany looks to
ends war.
War Results
 Deaths
22 million, ½ civilian
deaths
 8-9 million soldiers killed.
 29 million wounded
 10 mill refugees.
Armenian Genocide
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1915-Turkish gov systemically
murdered Armenian (minority) men
and expelled women and children
400,000 died marching through
deserts Syria and Iraq
1 million Armenians dead.
John McCrae a Canadian fighting in the trenches in
Flanders wrote a poem called 'In Flanders Fields'. The
poem was published and the poppy was adopted as a
symbol for those who had lost their lives in battle.
In Flanders Fields by John McCrae May 1915
In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place; and in the sky
The larks, still bravely singing, fly
Scarce heard amid the guns below.
We are the Dead. Short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie
In Flanders fields.
Take up our quarrel with the foe:
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high.
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep,
Though poppies grow
Armistice
 Armistice
– agreement to stop
fighting.
 Armistice was signed on
November 11, 1918 WWI ended
Why Germany Gave up
British naval blockade, poor weather
and civil unrest. German lack of
resources, America entering the war.
 Germany fought long, 2 front war=
difficult.

Interesting Facts….
Famous Alumni of World War I
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Walt Disney, Ernest Hemmingway,
Winston Churchill, Adolf Hitler, Benito
Mussollini, Harry Truman, General
George Patton, General E. Rommel,
General Douglas MacArthur, F. Scott
Fitzgerald,
Dog Stories
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Seeing eye dogs helped the blind.
1917 - "Stubby" a mutt, who wandered into the
Connecticut National Armory, goes overseas with
the 102nd Inf. Regiment during WW1. The dog
saves his regiment from surprise mustard gas
attacks and locates wounded soldiers. "Stubby" was
decorated for Valor by Gen. John Pershing.
1918 - "Rin Tin Tin" a German Shepherd dog was
born in a trench in 1918 and rescued by an
American Soldier. The dog became the nation's
most famous dog and starred in more than 40
films.
War Slang

Over the Top, Trench Coat, Ace, Buddy,
Pushing up the Daisies, Red Tape, Zoom,
Sniper, Washout, Cootie,
Tune Up, In the Pink, Zero Hour, Zoom,
Busted , Guy , Ticked Off, Put a Sock in it,
Hit the Deck, Washout, Rookie, Coffin nail,
Seconds, Fed Up, Rise & Shine, Pipe down,
Mess up, Get knocked off, Hike, Gadget,
Kick the Bucket, Rank & File, Chow Down,
Bull, Cushy, Scrounge, Humdinger, Missed
the Bus, Basket Case