Transcript World History (11/3)

World History (11/3)
 Do
Now: What is
the country in red
on the map at
right?
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A. India
B. Pakistan
C. Japan
D. China
China intro
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Each of the following statements reflects a
key belief from one of three key Chinese
philosophies (Confucianism, Legalism, or
Daoism)
Record the statement in your notes
Agree or disagree with the statement and
explain your rationale
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The reason you think the way you do
Be prepared to share your thoughts with the
class
Chinese philosophies: Agree or
disagree? Why?
 Statement
#1: Harmony results when
people accept their place in society.
 Statement #2: Avoiding conflict and
yielding (giving in) is virtuous.
 Statement #3: Humans are evil by nature.
 Statement #4: The best government
governs least.
 Statement #5: The best ruler is the one
who leads by example.
Chinese philosophies
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Statement #6: Humans are naturally good.
Statement #7: Strength is a ruler’s greatest virtue.
Go back to the text (pp. 90-92)
Provide a definition for each of the three philosophies:
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Confucianism
Legalism
Daoism
Which statements match each philosophy? Write the
name of the matching philosophy by each statement.
Look back at the statements you agreed with: are you
more of a follower of Confucianism, Legalism, or
Daoism? Why?
World History

Do Now: In 1974 near
the city of Xian, China,
a farmer digging a well
unearthed this (check
the pic to the right):
What do you think it is?
Who would have put it
there? What might it
suggest about the
person/persons who
put it there?
The tomb of Shi Huangdi (the
first emperor of China)
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Contained thousands of terra
cotta (clay) soldiers and horses
(6.500 in one pit alone)
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Estimated that 700,000 people
built the underground tomb/city
complex
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With bronze chariots and weapons
A model of the capital city
(Xianyang)
Bronze sarcophagus (coffin)
floating on a river of mercury
Obsessed with finding immortality
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Drank potions of all sorts (including
mercury)
Died at age 49
The Qin Dynasty
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The Warring States
period (475-221 BCE)
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Shi Huangdi
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Conflict among small
states/kingdoms
No unity
Spends twenty years
conquering these
warring states
Creates a strong
central government
and works to unify
China (rules from 221210 BCE)
What did he do in his
time as emperor?
What did Garrett Morgan
patent on 11/20/1923?
 Hints:
 It
signals three commands at different
intervals
 It can be found all over our city
 It has prevented thousands (if not millions)
of accidents
 What
is it? How did you know?
The three position traffic signal
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Morgan, the child of two former slaves, was born in
Kentucky in 1877. When he was just 14 years old, he
moved north to Ohio to look for a job. First he worked
as a handyman in Cincinnati; next he moved to
Cleveland, where he worked as a sewing-machine
repairman. In 1907, he opened his own repair shop,
and in 1909 he added a garment shop to his
operation. The business was an enormous success,
and by 1920 Morgan had made enough money to
start a newspaper, the Cleveland Call, which
became one of the most important black
newspapers in the nation.
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What did Morgan have that enabled him to become
a success?
What else did he do?
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Morgan was prosperous enough to have a car at a time when
the streets were crowded with all manner of vehicles: Bicycles,
horse-drawn delivery wagons, streetcars and pedestrians all
shared downtown Cleveland’s narrow streets and clogged its
intersections. There were manually operated traffic signals
where major streets crossed one another, but they were not all
that effective: Because they switched back and forth between
Stop and Go with no interval in between, drivers had no time
to react when the command changed. This led to many
collisions between vehicles that both had the right of way
when they entered the intersection. As the story goes, when
Morgan witnessed an especially spectacular accident at an
ostensibly regulated corner, he had an idea: If he designed an
automated signal with an interim “warning” position—the
ancestor of today’s yellow light—drivers would have time to
clear the intersection before crossing traffic entered it.
Shi Huangdi’s empire: What
was it like?
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Jigsaw instructions
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Meet as whole group and read your short excerpt
One person stays as your group expert to explain your
excerpt to the visitors
Everyone else in the group visits ONE of the other sections
and takes down the following notes (to report back to the
group later):
A summary OR the key points of this section (this may be bullet
points)
 Any questions you have about Shi Huangdi, the excerpt,
vocabulary, etc. (the expert should be able to answer these
questions before you head back to your group)
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Regroup and share your findings (record the bullet points in
your notes)
Shi Huangdi’s empire: What
was it like?
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AFTER JIGSAW: Discuss your group’s position on the
following:
Fact or fiction: Shi Huangdi was a positive influence on China
who created a successful model for future dynasties to
follow.
 Three to four COMPLETE sentences (individual response after
discussion)
 Use evidence from the jigsaw to support your answer
 Separate sheet of paper (will be turned in to me-10 point
writing assessment)
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Take a position (2pts.)
Supporting evidence (3pts.)
Analysis-how/why you feel this way (5pts.
World History (11/5)
 Do
Now Questions: Confucianism placed
an emphasis on relationships in hopes of
keeping _____________________ in society.
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A. Joy
B. Conflict
C. The mandate of heaven
D. Harmony
World History (11/5)
 Confucianism
and Daoism are similar in
that they both:
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A. Placed a high importance on conflict
and aggression.
B. Believed in a rigid class structure.
C. Rejected conflict within the government
and the empire.
D. Believed in education to create a class
of scholars.
World History
 Do
Now: What did
Keith Tantlinger
invent? What
impact did he
have on China?
 Hint: Check out the
picture to the right.
Created the modern shipping
container
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Stackable
Fits easily on ships,
trains, and tractor
trailers
Makes shipping
cheaper and easier
Leads to globalization
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Trade and economic
connections
What does this have to
do with ancient China?
The Han Dynasty
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Arises after death of Shi
Huangdi
An illiterate peasant
farmer (Liu Bang) claims
the Mandate of Heaven
Unifies China but moves
back to Confucianism
Most famous
emperor=Wudi
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Secured China’s borders
Economic expansion
Based on this…what is it?
Silk, of course
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Can be traced back as
far as 3000 BCE (possibly
earlier)
Fabric reserved for those
of high status
Could be punished with
death if secrets of its
production were revealed
Smuggled out of China in
hollowed out walking
sticks by a pair of monks
Spurred trade between
China, the rest of Asia,
and the Mediterranean
Snapshot-How difficult to
travel this road?
Take a journey on the Silk
Road
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Your goal:
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Step one-Chose your
mode of transport
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To travel safely
across China in
search of valuable
trade goods
Which of the
following would you
choose? Why?
The camel
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Carries more weight
and needs less water
Silk Road stage one: City of
Xian
This metropolis is home
to nearly a million people, and
another million live just outside the
imposing walls. Imperial buildings,
temples and markets line the
streets, and the city buzzes with
activity. Foreign merchants,
ambassadors, scholars and
musicians flock to this urban
center, stocking the markets with
exotic goods and filling the streets
with sights and sounds from
distant lands.
What are these items
(pictured at right)? For what are
they used? Why might people
want them?
Stop #2: Turfan
After leaving the fertile
lands around Xi’an,
prepare to enter the
harsh, unforgiving deserts
to the northwest. Travel is
slow and tedious through
the shifting sand dunes,
some almost as tall as a
skyscraper! Watch for the
brilliant red cliffs called
the Flaming Mountain—
when the sun beats
down on them, they
appear to shimmer and
move as if on fire.
The Takla Makan Desert
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What challenges
might you face
crossing this desert?
Make a list
How could you
minimize these risks?
Explain
What are you going
to do with your
cargo when you
reach Turfan?
More trade goods!
 Which
of these trade goods might you be
interested in? Why?
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Fresh fruit
Bird feathers
Animal tails
Spices-salt, pepper, mustard
Incense/perfumes
Dyes (from plants and minerals)
Cotton
Stop #3: Samarkand
Samarkand became a
major city more than 2,000
years ago as the capital of
Sogdia, a group of
kingdoms in present-day
Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
From this region, Sogdian
merchants travelled
widely. Turfan, Xi’an and
many other Chinese cities
had thriving Sogdian
communities that
channeled wealth to
relatives back home.
World History
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Do Now: Which of
these items was most
valuable along the
Silk Road? Why?
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Fresh Fruit
Animal tails
Bird feathers
Spices
Acceptable
responses  supply
and demand
Trade object: Scroll w/story
In ancient times a ferocious lion lived in the forest, killing without remorse.
The other animals were terrified. To stop the lion’s deadly hunts, some
animals offered to provide him with food each day. Some animals would
still die, of course, but the rest would live in peace. The lion agreed and
enjoyed months of the easy life. One day it was the hare’s turn to present
himself to the lion. Although small, the hare was very crafty. “Lion, lion,”
the hare cried out as he approached. “Help me, help me! Another lion is
trying to eat me. But I am to be your dinner! You must stop him!” Furious
that someone was trying to steal his food, the lion demanded, “Take me
to the thief. I will make him pay for this mischief!” The hare and the lion
made their way through the forest, and eventually reached a deep well.
There the lion looked down and saw his own reflection in the water.
Thinking he had found the creature who tried to steal his food, the lion
jumped down, ready to fight. Alas, the lion never came out of that well,
and the animals lived in peace from that day on.
-Why might this story be told along the Silk Road?
-Why might this scroll ultimately prove valuable (hint: what is it made out
of?)?
Paper
Invented by the
Chinese (50 BCE)
 Pulp mashed and
formed into sheets
(bamboo or other
plant material)
 Why was the spread of
paper technology so
important? Complete
this cause effect chain
Creation of paper 
recording of language
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Diffusion of other innovations
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The compass
Silk production
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Worms smuggled out of
China by a Han
princess
Printing (movable type)
Gunpowder
All info excerpted from:
http://www.nma.gov.au/_
_data/assets/pdf_file/0012
/361200/NMA-Silk-Roadunit-bw.pdf
What else was diffused?
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Look again at the map
to the right
What other
ideas/goods might
have been diffused as
a result of the Silk
Road? Make a list in
your notes
Religions-Especially
Buddhism and Islam
Culture-art,
architecture, and
dance
Silk Road response
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On a separate sheet of paper, write one
complete sentence for each of the following
SPRITE elements that explains the importance
of the Silk Road.
S, I, T, E (extra credit for P and R)
Example: The journey along the Silk Road was
very dangerous and led many to travel in
caravans for protection (S).
When finished, provide an answer to the
following question: How does the Silk Road
allow China to build a larger empire?
How much do you know?
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See how you would do on this “test.”
Who wrote “To Kill a Mockingbird?”
The following line is from what work of
literature: …it (life) is a tale told by an idiot, full
of sound and fury, signifying nothing.”
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What does this line mean?
What philosopher said the following: Thoughts
are the shadows of our feelings — always
darker, emptier, simpler.
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What does this mean?
Answers
 Harper
Lee (the only novel she ever
published)
 Macbeth by William Shakespeare
 Friederich Nietzsche
 What
was your score?
 What made it so high/so low?
Civil Service Examinations
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The Han created civil
service exams to see who
should become officials
and help run the country
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Bureaucracy-government
broken down into different
departments (defense,
education, etc.)
The tests were given at the
local, state, and national
levels
What social, political, and
intellectual impact did
these exams have on Han
China?
Exam Time!!
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Hope you studied…
Question #1: A man spends his entire life caring for
his blind parents. When he dies, he is miraculously
revived. What did this man demonstrate that led
to his revival?
Answer=filial piety (respect for elders;
understanding of five key relationships)
Question #2: Part of filial piety is providing
nourishment for one’s family. However, the master
(Confucius) said, “dogs and horses too can
provide nourishment.” What then separates
people from animals?
Answer=the ability to show honor/respect
Exam Time!! (part two)
 Question
#3: Fill in the blank: The master
(Confucius) said, “The noble person does
not abandon _______________ for so much
as the space of a meal. Even when hardpressed he is bound to it, bound to it even
in time of danger.”
 Answer=humaneness (the ability to show
kindness/compassion)
Who would perform the best?
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This exam was the key
to social mobility (the
ability to rise above
your social class)
Which of these
individuals would have
the best chance to rise
to the highest social
level in Han society?
Rank them and provide
a brief rationale (reason
why)
What about women?
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Wives were obedient to
husbands (five key relationships)
Daughters in law obedient to
husband’s mother
Mothers could gain influence
through their sons
Male children more desirable
than female children
First born son most important
child – primogeniture = first born
son inherits property and position
What does this suggest about
how women were valued in Han
society?
Overall social, political,
intellectual impact of the exam
system on Han China?
Choose one of the groups
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Write a three to four sentence description of
how life changed for ONE of these groups
during the Han Dynasty
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Women
Scholars
Peasants
Write in first person (you ARE this person)
How would you respond to the changes
under the Han Dynasty (compare to the Qin)
It’s not the way it was…
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Example- Mr. Stern talks about how school was
different in his day.
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I remember my first day of class in Mrs. Zimmerman’s
room. We were not allowed to talk at all and she put
us in the corner of the room if we were bad. The only
books we had were on a metal shelf in the back of
the classroom. Now students have access to
technology that allows them to look up anything
they want whenever they need it. Their teachers post
everything they need on websites so they can
access the information twenty four hours a day. It is
much easier to be a student today than it was in
1979.
Quiz on China (empires)
 What
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to review:
Qin Dynasty (notes and response on Shi
Huangdi)
Mandate of heaven
Legalism, Confucianism, Daoism
Han Dynasty
Civil service examinations (rise of scholars)
Silk Road (SPRITE
connections/effects/supply and demand)