Transcript GHSGT

GEORGIA HIGH SCHOOL
GRADUATION TEST
Social Studies
CIVICS / AMERICAN GOVT
U.S. History
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Article II of the U.S.
Constitution deals
with?
Executive Branch
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Government with a
King?
Monarchy
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System of government
in which two
governments share
power?
Federalist
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Power of Supreme
Court to declare laws
unconstitutional?
Judicial Review
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Role of the Legislative
Branch?
Makes the law
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Checks & Balances
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Federalism
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English philosopher that
influenced Thomas
Jefferson’s Declaration of
independence?
John Locke
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First ten amendments
to the United States
Constitution known as?
Bill of Rights
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Role of the Judicial
Branch?
Interpret the law
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Article III of the U.S.
Constitution deals
with?
Judicial Branch
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Supreme Court Case
that established
Judicial Review?
Marbury v. Madison
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Role of the Executive
Branch?
Enforce the law,
carry out the law
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Article I of the U.S.
Constitution deals
with?
Legislative Branch
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This settled how each state
would be represented in
Legislature at the
Constitutional Convention?
Great Compromise
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Reapportionment is
mandated by the U.S.
Constitution to happen this
often?
10yrs / Census
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Principle of the U.S.
Constitutional that makes
government officials abide by
the law?
Rule of Law
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Principle of the U.S.
Constitution that restricts
both national and state
governments?
Limited Government
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Individual that influenced U.S.
Constitution to include
principles of separation of
powers and Checks and
Balances?
Montesquieu
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th
5
th
14
The
&
Amendment
both have what protection
for citizens?
Due Process of Law
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Created so no one branch
of government could
become stronger than the
others?
Checks & Balances
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Supreme Court Justice that
served for 34 years and
strengthened the federal
government?
John Marshall
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Religion, Assembly,
Petition, Press, and
Speech?
st
1
Amendment
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Constitutional Amendment
that gave 18 year olds the
right to vote?
th
26
Amendment
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Abolished Slavery?
th
13
Amendment
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Gave African American
males suffrage?
th
15
Amendment
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Provided for the Direct
Election of Senators?
th
17
Amendment
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This is the privacy
amendment?
th
4
Amendment
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Equal protection clause
found in this Amendment?
th
14
Amendment
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First form of government in
1781?
Articles of
Confederation
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Father of the Constitution
and youngest member at
Constitutional Convention?
James Madison
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First two political parties?
Federalist/
Democratic
Republicans
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Leader of Federalist?
Alexander Hamilton
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Leader of Democratic
Republicans?
Thomas Jefferson
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Federalist desired which
government to be strong?
National
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Democratic Republicans
desired which government
to be strong?
State
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This is the solution used to
determine how slaves
would be counted in
population for
Representation purposes ?
3/5ths Compromise
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Document that separated the
American Colonies from Great
Britain?
Declaration of
Independence
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The Federalist were written
to?
Convince states to
approve the
Constitution
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Concept in the Declaration of
Independence that means
citizens of the U.S. have rights
given by their Creator?
Natural Rights
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Concept in the Declaration of
Independence that means
governments must protect
citizens life, liberty, and
property?
Social Contract
Theory
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This individual convinced many
in the U.S. to want to declare
independence against Great
Britain?
Thomas Paine
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Pamphlet written to convince
many in the U.S. to want to
declare independence against
Great Britain?
Common Sense
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Author of the
Declaration of
Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
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This group refused to ratify the
U.S. Constitution without a Bill
of Rights?
Anti-Federalist
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9 of 13 to pass laws; all 13
to amend; no executive; no
judicial; could not tax?
Weakness of Articles
of Confederation
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Reconstruction
Amendments
th
13 ,
th
14 ,
15th
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Plessy v. Ferguson
established this
Doctrine?
“Separate But
Equal”
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Supreme Court case
that reversed Plessy v.
Ferguson?
Brown v. Board of
Education
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1963 Supreme Court case
that expanded the rights of
those accused of crimes?
Miranda v. Arizona
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This abolished slavery
in the U.S.?
th
13
Amendment
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This gave African
American’s suffrage?
th
15
Amendment
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Granted Women’s
Suffrage?
th
19
Amendment
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Caused Prohibition?
th
18
Amendment
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Repealed Prohibition?
st
21
Amendment
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1973 Supreme Court case
that determined women
had a right to an abortion?
Roe v. Wade
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th
17
The
Amendment,
Initiative, Referendum,
Recall are examples of?
Direct democracy
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This group of people
th
benefitted from the 17
Amendment?
Voters
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th
17
The
Amendment,
Initiative, Referendum,
Recall are from what
historical era?
Progressive Era
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Reason Bill Clinton
impeached?
Perjury (Lying under
Oath)
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Bill Clinton was
impeached in the?
House of
Representatives
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Bill Clinton was
acquitted, found not
guilty, in the?
Senate
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The Election of 2000 was
significant because it?
Emphasized the role
of the Electoral
College
U.S. HISTORY TO 1865
U.S. History
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This Frenchmen helped
Benjamin Franklin get French
assistance during the American
Revolution?
Marquis de Lafayette
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Class warfare in the
Colonial Virginia?
Bacon’s
Rebellion
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Exposed the Weaknesses
of the Articles of
Confederation?
Shay’s
Rebellion
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Showed Government strong
under U.S. Constitution?
Whiskey
Rebellion
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Individual Selected to be
Commander of Continental
Army during Revolution?
George
Washington
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Colony that provided
religious toleration?
Rhode Island/
Roger Williams
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This Congressional Act left
it up to the voters of
territories to determine if
their state would be slave or
free?
Kansas-Nebraska Act
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In this, King George III warned
American Colonists not to
cross the Appalachian
Mountains?
Proclamation of
1763
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Economic system used by
Great Britain where colonies
supplied raw materials and GB
sold colonies manufactured
goods?
Mercantilism
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Voyage where African
Americans come to the United
States by force?
Middle Passage
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This was caused by unsettled
social and religious conditions
in colonial Massachusetts?
Salem Witch Trials
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The Mayflower Compact
created a government deriving
power from?
Consent of the
Governed
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This caused Great Britain to
began taxing colonists which in
turn caused the Revolutionary
War?
French & Indian War
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First direct British tax on
the colonist to be put on
paper documents?
Stamp Tax
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British tax on tea, glass,
and paint?
Townshend Act
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Colonial Strategy to get
parliament to repeal
stamp Act & Townshend
Acts?
Boycott
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This ended the French
& Indian War?
Treaty of Paris 1763
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President of the
Confederate States of
America?
Jefferson Davis
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Lewis & Clarke were
looking for
Northwest route to
the Pacific Ocean
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The Louisiana Purchase
did this to the United
States?
Doubled its size
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Principle where people got
to determine whether their
state would be slave or
free?
Popular
Sovereignty
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Primary reason War of
1812 happened?
British refused to
leave forts in Ohio
River Valley
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Territorial Expansion in
the U.S. west was
caused by this belief?
Manifest Destiny
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The U.S. warned European
nations to stay out of the
Western Hemisphere?
Monroe Doctrine
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The caused the North &
South to sectionalize along
the 36 30 line of latitude?
Missouri
Compromise
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This outlawed the slave
trade in Washington DC and
allowed California to enter
as a free state?
Compromise of 1850
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Idea that a state can declare
void, or refuse to enforce, a
national law if the state
considers it
unconstitutional?
Nullification Crisis
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1832 conflict over a Tariff or
tax on imported goods
between South Carolina and
the U.S. government?
Nullification Crisis
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Primary Conflict in the 1832
Nullification Crisis?
National Rights vs.
States Rights
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54- 40 concerns what in
U.S. History?
Oregon Territory
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Reason California’s
population exploded in
1849?
Gold Rush
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First Women’s rights
Convention?
Seneca Falls
Convention
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Reformer that organized the
Seneca Falls Convention?
Elizabeth Cady
Stanton
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Term that explains when
Ordinary citizens got the
chance to vote by removing
land ownership requirement?
Jacksonian
Democracy
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Civil War began here?
Fort Sumter
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General of the Army of the
Potomac that accepted the
South’s surrender?
Ulysses S. Grant
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Civil War General that went
on the March to the Sea
from Atlanta to Savannah?
William T. Sherman
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Civil War battle that split the
Confederacy in half?
Battle of Vicksburg
U.S. HISTORY SINCE 1865
U.S. History
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Reduced gov't
reg. & low taxes
increase business
profits
Prices
Rose
Business
profits decline/
further
unemployment
Poor lost
buying power;
wages didn't
increase
Business
Overproduction
Underconsumption
Causes of Great Depression
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FDRs plan to end the
effects of the Great
Depression?
New Deal
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RRR – purpose of
New Deal programs?
Relief, Recovery,
Reform
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A severe economic
recession in the 1930s
that affected all the world’
industrialized nations?
Great Depression
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A serious drought that caused
many farmers to lose their
farms during the Great
Depression?
Dustbowl
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Geographic location
of the Dustbowl?
Great Plains
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This provided government
jobs, flood control, and rural
electricity during the New
Deal?
Tennessee Valley
Authority
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Reform during FDR’s New Deal
that established collective
bargaining rights for workers
and prohibited unfair labor
practices.
Wagner Act
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This provided old age
insurance for retirees 65 or
older, unemployment, aid for
the disabled and families with
dependent children?
Social Security Act
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This person had a
monopoly on Oil in the
United States?
John D. Rockefeller
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October 1929 the U.S. was
beginning to show signs of
slowing down; stockholders
panicked and sold their stock
causing this?
Stock Market Crash
1929
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Immigrants in urban
neighborhoods
benefited from?
Jane Addams
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Era in U.S. history when
U.S. government called on
to correct social ills in
society?
Progressive Era
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Union Leader of the
American Federation of
Labor?
Samuel Gompers
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Muckraker who wrote The
Jungle?
Upton Sinclair
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The Jungle influenced
Congress to pass what
law?
Meat Inspection Act
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Laws in the United States
that separated the races in
public & private facilities?
Jim Crow Laws
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Laws passed after
Reconstruction to keep
African Americans from
having social equality?
Black Codes
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Group that used
intimidation, violence, and
Murder to keep blacks from
voting?
KKK
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This person created Electric
Power stations that helped
average citizens by replacing
manual labor with Electric
energy in homes?
Thomas Edison
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Edison invention that
allowed people to work in
factories at night?
Light Bulb
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This person invented the
Cotton Gin and
Interchangeable parts?
Eli Whitney
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Artistic and Music movement
that celebrated African
American culture?
Harlem
Renaissance
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This person made
automobiles cheap and
affordable by mass
producing them in an
assembly line?
Henry Ford
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This addition to the Monroe
Doctrine by President
Theodore Roosevelt was
called?
Roosevelt Corollary
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The Roosevelt Corollary
caused the U.S. to
become?
More involved in Latin
America
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The United States
attempted to help Cuba win
its independence from
Spain in this war?
Spanish American
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This shortened the distance
from New York to California
by Sea travel; improved
trade and national defense?
Panama Canal
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This helped President
Johnson push through the
Civil Rights Act in 1964?
Assassination of
JFK
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Edison inventions
replaced human labor
with?
Electricity
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Geographic Location of
the Dust Bowl?
Plains
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Sputnik I was a?
Satellite
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The Launch of Sputnik I
made the U.S. realize?
Soviet Union was
leading in
technology
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1968 incident that caused
people to oppose the
Vietnam War?
Tet Offensive
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This 1973 Scandal during
Nixon’s presidency that
caused people to distrust
the government?
Watergate
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This speech, made in Washington
D.C. urged equality of the races
and influenced passage of the
Civil Rights Act?
“I have a dream”
speech
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Group of people Martin Luther
King, Jr. was writing to
defending the use of Civil
Disobedience?
White Ministers
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Cell phone & Personal
computer caused this in the
United States?
Communications
Revolution
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This Caused the growth
of international
business?
Computers
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The Kennedy / Nixon
debate of 1960 was
impacted by this?
Television
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This ended Jim Crow and
discrimination in public
accommodations like hotels
& busses?
Civil Rights Act of
1964
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This President integrated
the U.S. government & U.S.
Military by Executive
Order?
Harry Truman
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This ended discrimination in
housing and was passed
after MLK, Jr’s
Assassination?
Civil Rights Act of
1968
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This made it illegal for
states to use grandfather
clause and literacy tests to
keep blacks from voting?
Voting Rights Act of
1965
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Movement during WWI when
African Americans moved
North to take jobs?
Great Migration
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Symbol representing
Women working in
factories during WWII?
Rosie the Riveter
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Dramatic Increase in
births after WWII?
Baby Boom
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Soldiers coming back
home after WWII and the
Baby Boom caused
these to be built?
Levittowns
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In the 1950s Congress
authorized a system of
highways be built in this
Act?
Interstate Highway
Act
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The Interstate Highway
Act & Levittowns
resulted in this?
Expansion of the
Suburbs
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This person come to power,
as a result of fear brought
about by the fall of China and
Korea to communism?
Senator Joseph
McCarthy
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Paranoia that the U.S.
government had been
infiltrated by Communist spies
during the Red Scare?
McCarthyism
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13 day standoff when the U.S.
and Russian come close to
having a nuclear war under John
F. Kennedy’s Presidency?
Cuban Missile
Crisis
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First African American to
integrate professional
sports?
Jackie Robinson
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Geographic location
where the Civil Rights
movement began?
Atlanta, GA
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The main goal of this
organization was equal pay
and equal rights for women?
National
Organization of
Women (NOW)
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This was the MexicanAmerican leader of the United
Farm Workers (UFW) Union?
Cesar Chavez
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Rachel Carson was the author
of this book?
Silent Spring
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Silent Spring led the
environment movement by
opposing use of this in
farming?
Chemicals/Pesticides
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Silent Spring led the
environment movement by
opposing use of this particular
insecticide?
DDT
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April 22 intended to inspire
awareness and appreciation
for the earth’s environment?
Earth Day
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Federal Agency with the
purpose of enforcing laws
aimed at maintaining a safe
and clean environment?
Environmental
Protection Agency
WORLD HISTORY
U.S. History
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Treaty that ended WWI?
Treaty of
Versailles
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Year U.S. entered WWI?
1917
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Why U.S. entered WWI?
Unrestricted
Submarine Warfare
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Woodrow Wilson’s plan to
end all world wars in
1918?
Fourteen Points
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Reason U.S. senators did
not approve Treaty of
Versailles after WWI?
Opposed Wilson’s
League of Nations
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International
peacekeeping
organization proposed by
Woodrow Wilson?
League of Nations
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Reason U.S. senators did
opposed Wilson’s League
of Nations?
Isolationism/ didn’t want
to get in European
business
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Surprise Attack by the
Japanese on Dec. 7, 1941
that caused the U.S. to
enter WWII?
Pearl Harbor
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This U.S. action caused
Japan to attack pearl
harbor?
U.S. embargo on
petroleum to Japan
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Year U.S. entered
WWII?
1941, Because of
Pearl Harbor
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Purpose of FDR’s Executive
Order 9066 after the bombing of
Pearl Harbor?
Japanese Internment
Camps
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Great Britain, France, and
the United States During
World War II were known
as?
Allied Powers
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Allied invasion of Normandy
in France during WWII to
push Nazi Germany troops
out of France?
D-Day
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Geographic Location
of Pearl Harbor
Pacific
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Reason Harry Truman made
the decision to drop the
Atomic Bombs on Japan?
Save American
Lives
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Tensions between the Soviet
Union and the United States
caused by differences in the
ideologies of Communism &
Capitalism from 1945-1989?
Cold War
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An alliance made by Capitalist
Nations in the Atlantic (Great
Britain, France, U.S.) to
oppose the Spread of
Communism during the Cold
War?
NATO
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NATO stands for?
North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
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This was the U.S’s policy
to stop the spread of
Communism during the
Cold War?
Containment
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The idea that if one country fell
to communism those beside it
would soon fall too?
Domino Theory
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This was the U.S. Plan to
provide money to rebuild
countries in Europe after
WWII?
Marshall Plan
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1947 presidential plan that
committed the U.S. to
fighting Communism
throughout the world?
Truman Doctrine
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Closest U.S. came to
nuclear war with the Soviet
Union during the Cold War?
Cuban Missile Crisis
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President during the Bay of
Pigs Incident?
John F. Kennedy
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Group of Countries that
control the world’s supply of
Oil and manipulates prices to
oil importing nations?
OPEC
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OPEC stands for?
Organization of
Petroleum Exporting
Countries
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U.S. Financial plan to rebuild
Europe after WWII to combat
communism?
Marshall Plan
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Economic alliance between
Canada, Mexico, and the
United States to limit trade
restrictions?
NAFTA
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NAFTA stands for?
North American Free
Trade Agreement
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The building of large armies
and navies, glorification of
military and expansion, a
cause of WWI and WWII?
Militarism
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Period in World History where
a rebirth of learning and
important social changes
occurred emphasizing the
importance of the Individual?
Renaissance
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Era in World history when
Catholic Church challenged
and split into Catholic and
Protestant religions because of
efforts to change the Catholic
church?
Reformation
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Invented the printing press
to make books faster and
cheaper?
Johann Gutenberg
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Effects of the Printing
press?
Spreading of ideas
and a more literate
society
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The idea that the sun is the
center of the Universe and
the planets revolve around the
sun?
Heliocentric Theory
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Used a telescope and math to
publish the heliocentric
theory?
Galileo
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Galileo furthered the work of
this scientist on the
Heliocentric theory?
Copernicus
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Come up with the idea that
the sun was at the center of
the Universe?
Copernicus
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Early explorer that laid land
claims for Great Britain in the
1500s which set the stage for
later colonization?
John Cabot
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Preached people gain
salvation through faith, bible
more important than priests,
leader of protestant
revolution?
Martin Luther
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Separated England from the
Catholic Church and created
protestant religion because he
wanted a male heir?
King Henry VIII
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Movement where thinkers
applied the principle of human
reason and thought to solve
problems ?
Enlightenment
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Germany, Italy, and the
Japan during World War II
were known as?
Axis Powers