Transcript Ch 26 Quiz Version B

Chapter 26 p. 749-765 Quiz
AP World History
VERSION B
1. What ideology questioned the
sanctity of private property?
A) Capitalism
B) Socialism
C) Manichaeism
D) Mercantilism
E) Liberalism
2. The nineteenth-century movement
that defended workers against their
employers was
A) Social Darwinism.
B) liberalism.
C) the labor union movement.
D) millenarianism.
E) the Wobblies.
3. Karl Marx defined “surplus value” as the
A) appropriate profit of business.
B) difference between wages and the
value of goods.
C) proper cost of goods in the
marketplace.
D) amount that business owners were able
to put into the bank.
E) sum total of all goods and services
produced in a country.
4. According to Marx, the end of worker exploitation
would occur when
A) “scientific socialism” was proven by the
intellectuals.
B) war broke down barriers of nationalism and
included colonist countries.
C) free democracy replaced all entrenched
monarchies in Europe.
D) workers tired of being “have-nots” and rose up
in violent opposition to their oppressors.
E) war broke out and the Western industrialized,
Christian world conquered the East.
5. The most influential idea of the
nineteenth century was
A) Darwinism.
B) liberalism.
C) existentialism.
D) authoritarianism.
E) nationalism.
6. Who was the most famous earlynineteenth-century nationalist?
A) Giuseppe Mazzini
B) Gavrilo Princip
C) Cecil Rhodes
D) Emma Goldman
E) John D. Rockefeller
7. The revolutions of 1848 convinced
politicians that
A) use of the media was the most
important tool in swaying public sentiment.
B) rubber bullets were an effective
deterrent to rioters.
C) they couldn't keep the people out of
politics forever.
D) democracy was an unworkable system.
E) the common person should never
participate in politics.
8. Bismarck's plan to unite most
German-speaking people into a single
state focused on using
A) liberalism and language.
B) industry and nationalism.
C) religion and conservatism.
D) ethnicity and race.
E) democracy and liberalism.
9. Bismarck gave the vote to all adult males
in order to
A) counteract the wealth of the
aristocracy.
B) ensure the equality of German
elections.
C) weaken the influence of middle-class
liberals.
D) guarantee the loyalty of the army.
E) make a show of limiting his own power.
10. A significant point of dispute between
France and Germany was
A) Germany's seizure of Alsace and
Lorraine.
B) Germany’s assault on French naval
supremacy.
C) Germany's desire that France get out of
Africa.
D) Germany’s support for Alfred Dreyfus.
E) France’s insistence that Strasbourg
speak French.
11. The British nineteenth-century
attitude toward Europe has been
called a policy of
A) “splendid isolation.”
B) arrogance and conceit.
C) ”laissez-faire.”
D) “divide and conquer.”
E) “ignorance is bliss.”
12. A significant source of conflict between Russia and AustroHungary was
A) Austria’s attempts to dominate the Balkans, which
undercut Russia’s role as “protector” of the Slavic peoples.
B) Austro-Hungary eyeing territories along the Black Sea
in anticipation of the demise of the Ottomans.
C) Austrian annexation of Albania.
D) Austria trying to dominate Christians in the Ottoman
Empire, which Russia felt was its domain because of
Orthodoxy.
E) Austria declaring an open-border policy to Jews
escaping Russian persecution.
13. One direct result of the Russo-Japanese
War in 1904–1905 was the
A) humiliation of the outdated Japanese
military and the stripping of Japanese
colonies in Asia.
B) acquisition of colonies in Africa.
C) popular revolt that forced the creation
of the Duma and a new constitution.
D) overthrow of the Russian tsar.
E) overthrow of the Japanese emperor.
14. In Tokugawa Japan, the political
power rested in the hands of the
A) bureaucracy.
B) shoguns.
C) emperor.
D) peasantry.
E) merchants.
15. The biggest weakness of the Tokugawa
Shogunate was an inability to resist invasion;
therefore,
A) the shogun instituted military reforms.
B) the bureaucracy proposed a centralized
government.
C) the emperor proposed intense military
training.
D) Japan closed its border to foreigners.
E) Japan welcomed foreigners and learned from
them instead.
16. Who demanded that Japan open its
ports for refueling and trade?
A) Robert Clive
B) Matthew Perry
C) Cecil Rhodes
D) Tsar Nicholas
E) Benjamin Disraeli
17. The Treaty of Kanagawa of 1854
A) was modeled on the unequal
treaties that the West had with China.
B) opened Japan and Korea to the
United States.
C) settled the Opium War.
D) put an end to the Taiping
Rebellion.
E) put an end to the Sepoy Mutiny.
18. Leaders of Meiji Japan planned to remain
free from Western imperialism by
A) negotiating with Western diplomats.
B) restricting Western access to Japan.
C) keeping out all foreign influences.
D) becoming a world-class industrial
power.
E) using propaganda to make Japanese
people hostile to Westerners.
19. The Meiji rulers sought to strengthen Japan by
A) attacking the United States naval bases in
Korea.
B) embracing foreign ideas, institutions, and
techniques.
C) defeating Russia in the Russo-Japanese War.
D) rejecting all foreign ideas and restoring
traditional Japanese customs.
E) increasing family values.
20. One of the most significant reforms
undertaken by Japan’s Meiji oligarchs was
A) building a military aristocracy.
B) opening schools to train Japanese
students in Western science and
technology.
C) limiting the power of the emperor.
D) adopting Marxist economic policies.
E) All of these
21. Japan's plan for imperialism as defined
by Yamagata Aritomo was to
A) impose Japanese military domination
over the world.
B) conquer India.
C) control the Aleutian Islands.
D) control a “sphere of influence” to
include Manchuria, Korea, and part of
China.
E) follow the lead of the United States and
pursue Manifest Destiny.
22. The Boxer Uprising was a series of riots
A) encouraged by Chinese officials
against foreign presence.
B) that rid China of the Japanese
presence.
C) that placed Japan under direct military
control.
D) that clearly demonstrated Japanese
nationalism.
E) that demonstrated the support for
Christianity in China.
23. This economic
system involves the
specialized
production of one or
a few natural
resources-for
example, cotton,
rubber, palm oil,
sugar, wheat, meat,
or guano-which are
sold to external
purchasers from
other countries.
24. This ideology
emerged as a
means of justifying
European
Imperialism during
the 19th century as
some thinkers
argued that
Europeans were
morally and
intellectually superior
to other races.
25. This political
belief hold that
people should
have pride in their
nation or ethnic
group and should
place one’s own
nation or people
above all others.
26. This 19th
century ideology
incorporated
scientist Charles
Darwin’s ideas of
survival of the
fittest to argue that
Europeans could
justifiably exploit
other, weaker parts
of the world.
27. This political
and economic
system, developed
by Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels,
opposes private
property, views
capitalism as
exploitive, and views
class struggle as the
dominant force
behind social and
historical change.
28. This political
philosophy exemplifies
the philosophy of Karl
Marx. According to
Marx, for ________ to
be established, a
violent revolution must
occur to overthrow
existing capitalist
structures and make
way for a society
based on equality.
29. This economic and
social class emerged
during this period as a
result of increased
industrialization. Karl Marx
defined the _________ as
those who sell their labor
power for use in industrial
production. Marx called for
a revolution in which the
________ class would
overthrow the bourgeoisie,
or the owners of capital
and business.
30. This political
theory rejects all
government, instead
holding that individuals
and groups should
freely and voluntarily
cooperate to form
societies. ________
first emerged as
serious political theory
during the mid 19th
century, partially in
response to capitalist
exploitation of
workers.
31. This happened in 1871
after lengthy military and
political efforts by Prussian
chancellor Otto von Bismarck.
After Bismarck orchestrated
military operations to secure
enough territory for a German
nation, he maneuvered
France into a declaration of
war as a pretext for unifying
the varying German states
into one nation(FrancoPrussian War). As a result of
this unification, Germany rose
as a major European power
as France’s power and
influence fell.
32. This event occurred
in 1870 after efforts by
revolutionary Giuseppe
Garibaldi and others
brought together the
diverse Italian regional
kingdoms. Sardinian
prime minister Comte
Camillo di Cavour
expelled Austrian forces
from northern Italy, and
the King of Sardinia
became the monarch of
a unified Italy.
33. This political
and economic
philosopher
created the
doctrine of
Marxism, which
holds that class
struggle is the
dominant force
behind social and
historical change.
34. This period of
significant reform to
Japan’s government and
economy began in 1868
due to increasing American
and European influences.
Japan underwent rapid,
government-supported
industrialization and
quickly emerged as an
economic, political, and
military force. Through
several wars, it proved its
dominance of the region
and showed the West it
had become a world
power.
35. This 1898 Chinese
reform effort attempted to
change China into a
powerful modern industrial
society through a series of
Confucian-influenced
reforms. Reforms included
a shift to a constitutional
monarchy, increased civil
liberties, and greater
foreign influence.
However, these reforms
failed due to imperial and
elite resistance, marking
the last major attempt at
reform in imperial China.
36. This unsuccessful
revolt occurred in
1900 when the
Chinese attempted to
expel all foreigners to
end foreign influence
on Chinese society.
Anticolonial
movements such as
the ________ arose
form increasing
questions of political
authority and
nationalism.
37. This Chinese reform movement
saw local leaders attempt to enact
military and economic reform in the
country by building modern shipyards,
railroads, and weapons industries as
well as founding scientific schools.
Although the movement experienced
some resistance, it encouraged
imperial policy reforms.
Chapter 26 p. 740-749 Quiz
AP World History
1. The “annihilation of time and space,”
extolled by the public and the press,
referred especially to
A) the development of aircraft.
B) submarine telegraph cables.
C) transcontinental railroads.
D) the science fiction musings of H.
G. Wells.
E) an accurate clock.
2. The largest railway network in the
world at the end of the nineteenth
century was in
A) Great Britain.
B) Canada.
C) Mexico.
D) Japan.
E) the United States.
3. Industrial chemistry was a great advantage
to Germany because Germany
A) controlled the sources for the raw
materials.
B) was the most innovative nation at that
time.
C) allowed the government to support
those industries.
D) had the most advanced scientific
institutions.
E) was forbidden to do military research.
4. The most prominent early use of
electric current was
A) in steel making.
B) for lighting.
C) for telegraph systems.
D) in the chemical dye industry.
E) the electric chair.
5. The negative environmental effects of nineteenthcentury industrialization included all of the
following except
A) smoke and particulate matter polluting the air.
B) large piles of waste product and slag left
behind.
C) chemical and dye materials dumped into the
rivers.
D) deforestation and reduction of agriculture for
areas used for mining coal, iron, and limestone.
E) depletion of the ozone layer.
6. By 1900, the nation that controlled
the majority of the world's trade and
finances was
A) Germany.
B) Great Britain.
C) Russia.
D) the United States.
E) Austria.
7. The most important urban
technological innovation was
A) gas lamps for lighting.
B) electric streetcars and subways.
C) paved roadways for transport and
travel.
D) pipes for water and sewage.
E) apartment buildings.
8. The growth of towns and cities was made
easier by railways, creating the commuter
society. This affected primarily which
class?
A) Students traveling to universities
B) Missionaries seeking to evangelize
C) Middle-class entrepreneurs escaping to
country estates on the weekend
D) Working-class laborers in the suburbs
E) The wealthy, who could afford train
tickets
9. The Victorian Age refers to rules of behavior and
family wherein
A) marriage was an economic contract between
male and female.
B) men and women began to share equally the
duties of child-rearing.
C) the home was idealized as a peaceful and
loving refuge.
D) male and female children were educated
away from the family in boarding schools.
E) women were finally encouraged to work
outside the home.
10. Families were considered middle
class only if they
A) had a second home.
B) were college-educated.
C) did not work with their hands.
D) owned their own horses.
E) employed a full-time servant.
11. When the typewriter and telephone were
first used in business in the 1880s,
A) businessmen found that they were ideal
tools for women workers.
B) only men could use them.
C) they created new jobs for immigrant
workers.
D) widespread job losses resulted.
E) they were a failure because people
feared new inventions.
12. Why were women considered well suited
for teaching jobs?
A) Women refused to do most other types
of work.
B) They were better educated than men.
C) Men were needed in factory work.
D) Teaching was an extension of the
duties of Victorian mothers.
E) Teaching was considered unimportant.