Transcript Questions of Periodization

Questions of Periodization
The 20th Century World
(1900-Present)
I. Introduction
A. Problems in describing the 20th century:
1. Objectivity
2. End
a) Not a new problem
B. Two Impulses Affect Study of 20th Century
1. Emphasize Continuities
a) Ex: Nationalism
Partner Discussion Question
• Where did you see the continuity of
Nationalism occur during this time
period? What were some other
major continuities from the previous
eras that you still witnessed during
the period from 1900 to the present?
Give examples of each.
I. Introduction
Nationalism forms Italy and
Germany in Previous Era
Nationalism Breaks Apart
Yugoslavia in This Era
I. Introduction
2. Emphasize Changes
a) 3rd Revolution
b) Unprecedented Environmental Changes
Partner Discussion Question
• Give some specific examples of
major technological and
environmental changes that
took place during this new
period from 1900 to the
present.
I. Introduction
Technological Innovations
I. Introduction
I. Introduction
C. Key Question
1. Did the 20th century begin a new era or did it
only modify the basic patterns of the previous
era?
2. New eras have met 3 criteria:
a) Geographic rebalancing
b) Increase in contact
c) Parallel patterns in civilizations
3. 20th century met all three of these criteria
Group Discussion
• During the previous era, the Western
nations became dominant over other
regions of the world. Has the West
continued that same degree of
dominance? If so, how? If not, why
not? What areas of the world
weakened Western dominance?
II. Repositioning of the West
A. The West Declines… WHY???
II. Repositioning of the West
B. Western population percentage decreases
rapidly… HOW???
1. Birth Control
Practices
2. Rapid population
growth
3. Immigration
II. Repositioning of the West
C. Decline of Western Empires
1. Colonial Territory
2. No longer the ONLY world power
Colonies in 1945
Partner Discussion
• What are possible causes of the
West’s decline? Come up with at
least TWO reasons why you think
the West’s status in the world
decreased.
II. Repositioning of the West
3. Why do they lose their dominance?
a) Lose technological and weaponry monopoly
b) Guerilla warfare tactics
c) No longer unchallenged manufacturing leader
1)
2)
World economic structure remains similar – exploitation of raw
materials
New competition WHERE???
d) Independence Movements and New Countries
1)
New Leaders
Group Discussion
• It is often said that “the world
has grown smaller.” What do you
think is the basis for this common
belief? What evidence can you
provide to support this assertion?
III. International Contacts
A. International
1. Multinational Corporations
III. International Contacts
2. Researchers and scientists shared knowledge
III. International Contacts
3. Diplomatic and cultural contacts
III. International Contacts
4. International Relations
a. International Agencies
1)
Actually began in last era (Ex. Olympics, Red Cross)
Partner Discussion
• Compare the era in world history in
which you currently live to the era
between 1750 and 1900. What political
changes have occurred? What social
changes have also occurred? Has
anything stayed the same in politics or
society from 1750-1900 to today?
IV. International Challenges in
Politics and Culture
A. Most governments change
1. Monarchies replaced
2. New government roles
3. Changes in belief systems
a) 1850 – Major belief systems
b) 1950 – Replaced
1)
Secular (non-religious) belief systems
IV. International Challenges in
Politics and Culture
4. Displacement of rigid social inequalities
a) Began in last period (when???) and was continued
b) Ideas of inequality attacked
a)
b)
c)
Communism in Russia and China
Nationalism in Asia and Africa
Caste systems and aristocracies end
c) Inequality
V. The 20th Century as a New
Period in World History
A. Period split into 3 phases
1. 1900-1945
a) Two World Wars and International Depression
b) Political upheaval
2. 1945-1980’s
a) Decolonization
b) New social mobility and gender relations
c) Military buildups
1)
Cold War
***WHY is it called the “Cold War?”
V. The 20th Century as a New
Period in World History
3. 1990’sa) Regional conflicts
b) Pressure for global changes
1)
2)
Information technology
Worldwide manufacturing
4. 21st century
a) 2001 – start of a new era???