Transcript Paleolithic Man - Ms. Ferrari's PRE

ENRICHMENT
1st
WHAP
7:30 – 8:17
2nd
PRE-AP W
8:23 – 9:10
3rd
PRE-AP W
Enrichment
9:16 – 10:03
10:03 – 10:33
B LUNCH
4TH PRE-AP W
10:39 – 11:26
LUNCH
11:26 – 11:56
5TH PRE-AP W
12:02 – 12:49
6th
CONFERENCE
7th PRE-AP W
12:55 – 1:42
1:48 – 2:35
To-Do: 8/26/14
• Get the warm up off of the back & complete.
• Do a QUICK go over of website/expectations/STUFF
in room
– www.MsFerrari.com
• Go over Key Concepts
• Go over Key Vocabulary terms for Paleolithic Notes.
• Notes: Paleolithic Era
– you will need paper for note-taking
KEY CONCEPTS
Key Concept 1.1. Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth
•
EVERYTHING in
the key
concepts could
be on the
WHAP Exam
The term Big Geography draws attention to the global nature of world history. Throughout the
Paleolithic period, humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas. Early humans
were mobile and creative in adapting to different geographical settings from savanna to desert to Ice
Age tundra. By making an analogy with modern hunter forager societies, anthropologists infer that these
bands were relatively egalitarian. Humans also developed varied and sophisticated technologies.
I. Archeological evidence indicates that during the Paleolithic era, hunting-foraging bands of humans
gradually migrated from their origin in East Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas, adapting their
technology and cultures to new climate regions.
A.Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators, and to adapt
to cold environments.
B. Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to
tundra.
C. Economic structures focused on small kinship groups of hunting foraging bands that could make what
they needed to survive. However, not all groups were self-sufficient; they exchanged people, ideas, and
goods.
Key Vocabulary to watch for.
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•
Foraging Societies
Nomadic
Paleolithic
Egalitarian
Homo Sapiens
Paleolithic Man
(and woman!)
Lucy (Australopithecus)
3.2 million year old hominid
• Human technological prehistory can be
divided into three periods:
– The Stone Age
– The Bronze Age
– The Iron Age
• The Stone Age is further subdivided into:
– The Paleolithic
– The Mesolithic
– The Neolithic
• Archeological evidence indicates that
during the Paleolithic era, huntingforaging bands of humans gradually
migrated from their origin in East Africa
to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas,
adapting their technology and cultures to
new climate regions.
Interactive Migration Map
http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/journey/
• Early humans were mobile and
creative in adapting to different
geographical settings from
savanna to desert to Ice Age
tundra.
• By making an analogy with modern
hunter-forager societies, anthropologists
infer that these bands were relatively
egalitarian
• Humans developed varied and sophisticated
technologies.
• Humans used fire in new ways: to
aid hunting and foraging, to protect
against predators, and to adapt to
cold environments.
• Humans developed a wider range
of tools specially adapted to
different environments from
tropics to tundra.
• Economic structures focused on
small kinship groups of huntingforaging bands that could make
what they needed to survive.
However, not all groups were selfsufficient; they exchanged people,
ideas, and goods.
The Beginnings of Belief System
• Intentional burial, particularly with
grave goods may be one of the earliest
detectable forms of religious practice
• Neanderthals were the first hominids
to intentionally bury the dead, doing so
in shallow graves along with stone
tools and animal bones
Neandertal Burials
In an Israeli cave archaeologists discovered
a woman who died at the end of Paleolithic
times buried with roasted tortoise shells and
bones
Closing
• How did the technology of the Paleolithic era
change and adapt to the needs of the time?
Give at least three examples with explanation.
Warm-Up
• Use the following words in a sentence using
correct historical context for the era.
1. Foraging Societies
2. Nomadic
3. Paleolithic
4. Egalitarian
5. Homo Sapiens
TO-Do:8/27/14
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Warm-UP: Vocabulary
Key Concepts
Notes: Neolithic Revolution
Video Crash Course Agricultural Revolution
The Neolithic Revolution
AKA – The Agricultural Revolution
c. 8000 BCE
First Farming – c 8,000 BCE
•People deliberately planted seeds and harvest
their crops ON PURPOSE is agriculture
•People could become sedentary
•Land is chosen for it’s fertile soil and production
potential
•Humans settled in 6 areas with similar
characteristics
First Farming Areas
•Southwest Asia
•Mesopotamia -- between Tigris and Euphrates
Rivers
•North Africa
•Nile River
•East Asia
•Huang He or Yellow River
•South Asia
•Indus River (aka Harappan)
•Central America
•Southern Mexico (aka Mesoamerica)
•South America
•Andes Mountains
First Agricultural Sites
Old World
New World
Neolithic Timeline
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8000 bce – Mesopotamia, Nile
6000 bce – Indus, Huang He
2500 bce – Mesoamerica, Andes
Domestication of Animals
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Taming of wild animals for human use and
consumption
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Dog, cat, goat, sheep, cow, chicken, pig
Beasts of burden – horse
No horses in the Americas used llama and
alpaca
Closer contact with animals = higher disease
transference
Technological Developments
Increase Food Production
○
More efficient planting and harvesting led to
more available food
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Wooden plows, wheels, sickles
More food and storage led to population
growth
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Clay pots, tightly woven baskets
Technological Developments
Increase Food Production
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Irrigation
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canals, reservoirs, shaduf
Metallurgy
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Melting and working with metal
Bronze
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Mixture of tin and copper
Greatly valued for sharp edge
Iron
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Much more durable than bronze
Population Grows
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The more food, the healthier people are
Healthy people are stronger, live longer and
have more children
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Population growth led to development of cities
Storage and accounting of food became a
major concern
The need for accounting for food availability
and distribution led to the first writing systems
Specialization of Labor and
Social Structures
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With adequate food supply people tended to
stay in one place
Better technology allowed for fewer farmers to
feed the growing population
Instead of concentrating on producing food,
people could focus on other types of
production
Specialization of Labor and
Social Structures
○
Craftspeople
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Warriors
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Sprits tied to harvest
Scribes
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defense
Religious leaders
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Construction, food storage
recordkeeping
Kings
○
Organized all of the above
Crash Course
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yocja_N5
s1I&list=UUX6b17PVsYBQ0ip5gyeme-Q
Closing Assignment
• BIG PICTURE QUESTION:
– The Agricultural Rvolution marked a decisive
turning point in human history. What evidence
might you offer to support this claim, and how
migh you argue against it?
ANSWER
• SUPPORT:
– The ability of humankind after the Ag. Rev. to support much
larger populations; the beginning of the dominance of the
human species over other forms of life on the planet; an
explosion of technological innovation, including techniques for
making potters, weaving textiles, and metallurgy; the growing
impact of humans on their environments.
• OPPOSITION:
– It could be said that the Ag. Rev. was a long term process and
not a turning point, and that even today it is not practiced
universally by all humankind. The Agricultural Revolution was
part of a longer process of more intense human exploitation of
the earth that began long before the first permanent
agricultural settlements took shape.
The 5 Themes of AP World History
• Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the
Environment
• Theme 2: Development and Interaction of
Cultures
• Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict
• Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction
of Economic Systems
• Theme 5: Development and Transformation of
Social Structures