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Welcome to World History AGENDA: 1. Seating Chart – (sit anywhere for now, you will be moving when I take attendance, so don’t get too comfortable in this seat). 2. Information Cards 3. Syllabus – Procedures/Rules 4 . Quiz tomorrow- Geography Information Card 1. Full name/ name you go by (academically) 2. Class schedule 3. Your email 4. Parent’s email/ contact info. 5. What grade you hope to make in this class 6. What you plan to do to make the grade in #5 7. What do you like/dislike about history? 8. Favorite historical person/event and why. 9. Do you have internet access at home? Geography Quiz- tomorrow 1. Continents 2. Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Oceans 3. Nile, Mississippi, Amazon Rivers 4. Mediterranean Sea 5. Map Key 6. Compass with directions 7. England, France, Italy, Russia, China, India, Egypt, USA, Brazil, Saudi Arabia Warm Up #1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ On p. 4 of the text, analyze the map showing the earliest fossil sites in the world and answer questions. P. 9- Read and explain in 1-2 detailed sentences what is “The Out of Africa Theory”. Write a ½ page essay on what is history and how we know about the past. Geography QUIZ UNIT 1: Prehistory and Early River Civilizations John Green’s Crash Course World History http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yocja_ N5s1I Introduction to Prehistory Prehistory: the time before we have any written records How do we know about prehistory? 1. Anthropology Focuses more on culture and human remains/ human fossils. 2. Archaeology Studies past societies by what they left behind, called artifacts. (tools, household items, weapons) Key Concept: We analyze the remains to draw conclusions about people’s lives and culture. Paleolithic Age: Hominids- creatures that walk upright 1. Paleo = old Lithic = Stone – circa 1,000,000-18,000 BC 2. Lived in caves (natural dwellings) 3. Learned to control fire (migrated to colder regions) 4. Developed a spoken language (communication) 5. Early religion (belief system) Religion- explains the workings of nature and the existence of things (why are people here, why did something happen) Animism- the belief that all things in nature have spirits. As Humans progressed, their spiritual practices developed. A few groups of early humans would bury their deadshowing a belief in an afterlife. 6. Early art (cave drawings left behind) Hall of Bulls- Lascaux, France Analyze the Stone Age Art on p. 10 of the text and answer the questions below. 1. What is the subject of the art? 2. Why might the people who made the art have provided more details for some animals over others? 3. What skills and materials would artists have needed to create these images? Stone Age People: – Nomads- moving from place to place following their food source: the migrating herds of animals – Relied on natural resources lived in small groups (couldn’t feed large numbers) – Hunter-gatherers: men hunted, women cared for children (think about WHY) survival was necessary – (if women hunted and were killed, the tribal group would die out, thus women were protected because only they could carry on a civilization/people group through reproduction) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Read “Spreading Around the World” on p. 8 and the top of 9 in the text. Answer in your notes: “How did the ice ages influence early human migration”? 1. Neo = New lithic= stone – 10,000 – 4500 BC 2. Neolithic Revolution: the domestication of plants and animals – Transition of people groups from being hunter-gatherers to farming (growing crops and raising animals) – People settle and build permanent structures/ settlements 3. Mother Goddess: – Religion centered on a female deity/goddess (only women could bring forth life, thus it made sense that a woman was the all-powerful spiritual being) Neolithic Age Changes during the Neolithic Revolution led to the emergence of civilization Acquire surplus of food on a regular basis Rise of permanent villages w/ government Trading of goods, division of labor Civilization Catal Huyuk: A Farming Village Analyze the visual on Catal Huyuk on p. 16 of the text and answer # 1 & 2. ~Catal is Turkish for "fork" ~Höyük for "mound” Review- Rise of Civilization Cause Effect The planting of crops and the domestication of animals began. People had access to a regular food supply; people built settlements, houses, and storage shelters that were more permanent. People produced weapons and jewelry for trade. People of Çatal Hüyük traded with neighboring people. Communities were exposed to new technology and different goods. Wealth increased and society became more complex. People formed armies, built walled cities, and developed governments. Men became more active in farming and women cared for the children. Men took a more dominant role in society. Craftspeople in Asia learned to create bronze by melting copper and tin. The Bronze Age began. Writing was developed. People began to keep records. From Villages, Cities, to Civilization Cities: – Larger, more densely populated – More diversity- many unrelated people – Defensive walls – Center of trade for surrounding areas – More formal organization Temples, palaces, monuments, government buildings and marketplaces Characteristics of Civilizations: Civilization : a complex society with many characteristics – 1. Cities – 2. Government – 3. Religion – 4. Specialization of Labor – 5. Social Structure – 6. Writing/ Records – 7. Art/ Literature Civilization Activity:( be neat and creative; graded assignment) 1. You will develop a civilization of your own. What conditions would you want for your civilization? – Must be 1 full page in length – In complete sentences with detail. – Must include a visual. – Make sure to include: Government/ laws? Religion? Traditions? Farming/ Markets/ Trade ($) Towns? Or nomadic people? Warm Up #2 Economic Systems Read the “History and Economics” box on p. 22 and explain each economic system. – – – – Traditional Economy Command Economy Market Economy Mixed Economy Foldable: Changes in Civilization Create 3-tiered foldable (fold and cut) Label front of each tier with: – 1. Environmental Influences – 2. Spread of Early People and Ideas – 3. Expansion and Warfare Using p. 22-23, complete foldable on inside fold Be sure to add one nice visual for each Foldable: Changes in Civilizations 1. Environmental Influences – Dependence on farming- nature could devastate crops and destroy civilizations Storms/floods- wipe out cities(droughts kill livestock) Food shortage- weaken a civilization and make it vulnerable to outside attack – People needed outside resources they lacked Trees, metals, stones, etc TRADE! Foldable: Changes in Civilization 2. Spread of People and Ideas – Movement of people through trade, migration, and conquest helps to spread ideas and culture Traveling merchants- learned new languages Migrants- brought languages, customs, and traditions with them to new areas Civilizations imposed their own culture on conquered peoples – Cultural Diffusion- the spread of ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology from one culture to the next Advances in writing, religion, art, farming, etc. spread Foldable: Changes in Civilization 3. Expansion and Warfare: – Civilizations grew and needed more land and resources to support and sustain their population Conflicts arose over rich farmland, important sea ports, or regions with valuable resources As a result- some civilizations developed into states and kingdoms – Conflicts between nomadic tribal groups and civilizationsbecause of land – Nomads- usually skilled warriors; domestication of the horse helped nomads and mobility (raided villages and cities)