Transcript Document

Welcome to the Museum of
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Museum Entrance
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Room One
Cold War Culture
Curator’s
Offices
Caitlin Quigg
Curator’s
Office
I am in Mr. Collins World History class and
my powerpoint is over all the cultural aspects
of the cold war.
[email protected]
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Room 5
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Artifact 1
Following World War II, their were many
clashes between the democratic US and the
communist Soviet Union. The soviets had long
carried out espionage in the united states. The
US decided to do something about this, so
Truman had a loyalty program which startled
the country since they followed concepts of
personal liberty and freedom.
"Red Scare." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 20 Apr.
2014.
http://apus-b.wikispaces.com/post%20war%20foreignpolitical%20cartoons
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Artifact 2
The HUAC (House Un-American Activities
Committee) was formed in 1938 to investigate
communist activities. Their investigations
frequently exposed communists working inside
the federal government. The advances of
communism around the world convinced many
US citizens that there was a real danger of
“Reds” taking over their country. The red scare
continued to influence peoples lives, they were
hounded by law enforcement and fired from
their jobs.
"Red Scare." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d.
Web. 20 Apr. 2014.
http://carriestoyberg.edublogs.org/2010/11/18/house-unamerican-activities-committee/
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Artifact 3
As the tension in cold war grew between the
United States and Soviet Union, the
communists in the US posed a threat which
was known as the Red Scare. The Red Scare
led to actions that ended up effecting the US
government and society. Federal employees
were analyzed to see if they were loyal to their
government and US senator McCarthy
investigated elements in the country.
"Red Scare." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 20 Apr.
2014.
http://chrismaury.com/post/53327361208/what-if-prismexisted-during-the-red-scare
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Artifact 4
The cold war was a war full of spies and
secrets. Since this war was a conflict between
two different systems, it effected many aspects
of peoples lives. An important person during
this time would be James Bond who was used
in lots of propaganda. He was in films and
novels being portrayed as a hero.
http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/whic/NewsDetailsPage/NewsDetailsWindow?
failOverType=&query=&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&contentM
odules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=News&limiter=&u=leag7757
3&currPage=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&sou
rce=&search_within_results=&p=WHIC%3AUHIC&action=e&catId=&ac
tivityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CA348853188
http://www.techweekeurope.co.uk/news/uk-and-us-linkfor-lurid-storm-of-cyber-attacks-40504
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Artifact 5
Southeast Asian leaders mostly controlled their
interactions with the united states and the
soviet union for their own political goals. They
shaped their post war cultures by looking at
themes of independence and sovereignty that
had already emerged during the colonial era.
After the war, nationalist, socialist, and
communist ideas emerged to resist the reestablishment of the former colonies.
Lui, Mary Ting Yi. "Cultures at war: The Cold War and cultural
expression in Southeast Asia." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 44.2
(2013): 357+. World History in Context. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://faculty.headroyce.org/~us2001/aarons/Pics.html
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Artifact 6
In 1958, Soviet Leader, Nikita Khrushchev
demanded that post war issues be resolved in
a matter of months. A final peace treaty ended
up being signed with Germany and the creation
of a nuclear-free Germany to act as a buffer
zone between the two powers. Soviets
threatened the Germans by saying if they didn’t
sign the treaty they would officially split
Germany in two.
TULLOCH, DAVID. "Berlin Wall." Encyclopedia of Espionage,
Intelligence and Security. Ed. K. Lee Lerner and Brenda Wilmoth
Lerner. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 103-106. World History in Context.
Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyI
d=105633878
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Artifact 7
In 1961 the Berlin Crisis occurred, the borders
crossing between the Eastern Soviet Zone of
Berlin and the Western American, British, and
French controlled zones began to be sealed. At
first barbed wire was used as the barrier but
over time it was replaced by concrete and a
deadly no mans land that became known as
the Berlin Wall. This Wall became a powerful
symbol of the Cold War, separating a city, a
people, and tearing apart family and friends.
This represented the deep divide between
Easter and Western Berlin physically and
politically.
TULLOCH, DAVID. "Berlin Wall." Encyclopedia of Espionage,
Intelligence and Security. Ed. K. Lee Lerner and Brenda Wilmoth
Lerner. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 103-106. World History in Context.
Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/whic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDet
ailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=no
rmal&contentModules=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Reference
&limiter=&u=leag77573&currPage=&disableHighlighting=false&displ
ayGroups=&sortBy=&source=&search_within_results=&p=WHIC%3
AUHIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GAL
E%7CCX3403300077
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Artifact 8
Cold War propaganda reached its heights in
the 1950s and 1960s, they attempted to
demonize communism and show the virtues of
democracy and capitalism. American values
were plainly shown through film, art, music,
and literature. Although over time their pro
democracy propaganda become more subtle
and the government produced less of it. Things
such as school, community, obedience, and
loyalty were openly promoted in the 1950s.
"Cold War Propaganda." The Cold War. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.
http://www.designer-daily.com/examples-of-americancold-war-propaganda-2918
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Artifact 9
50 years ago Harvard and other universities
competed against schools in other countries for
superior education. American universities didn’t
want to be behind in anything, especially
behind the soviets in educating the next
generation. Professors at American universities
responded to the Soviets release of the first
man made satellite, Sputnik, into space. A lot of
fundraising was done to bring in money for
better teachers. Overall they wanted to improve
their education system and they fought to stay
ahead of each other.
"The Harvard Crimson." Cold War Conflict Prompted Education Arms
Race | News |. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://cronacheletterarie.com/2012/06/26/sputniksweetheart-by-haruki-murakami/
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Artifact 10
The launch of Sputnik led to a whole lot of state
and federal money going to schools. It was
emphasized that getting a good education was
our duty and our contribution to winning against
the Soviets. Math and Science classes were
better funded with new books and equipment.
There was more money available for college
grants and loans. At least twice a day the bells
would go off and the children in schools all over
America would have to get down on the floor
and do a drill as if we were preparing for an
attack.
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/ed416/ae8.html
"H-Net Reviews." H-Net Reviews. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014
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Artifact 11
The launch of Sputnik also made people
realize that there was a new frontier to be
explored. Putting a man on the moon became
an official government priority. Nasa was
created in 1958 to bring together people to
develop rockets, build space capsules and
satellites, and to hire astronauts to become
spacemen. In 1969, astronauts Neil Armstrong
and Buzz Aldrin were the first humans to walk
on the moon. Space flight became a real
possibility and kids around the country started
imagining their own trips to the moon.
"NebraskaStudies.Org." NebraskaStudies.Org. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr.
2014.
http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0900/frameset_reset.ht
ml?http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0900/stories/0901_0
105.html
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Artifact 12
Anti-Nuclear protests started in the late 1950s
and early 1960s. In 1961 about 50,000 women
marched in 60 cities in the United States to
protest against nuclear weapons. The women
came together in a group called “Women’s
Strike for Peace”.
In the early 1980s the revival of the nuclear
arms race triggered large protests yet again.
Millions of people took to the streets in cities all
over the world to protest against nuclear
weapons.
Woo, Elaine. "Dagmar Wilson Dies at 94; Organizer of Women's
Disarmament Protesters." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 30
Jan. 2011. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Women_Strike_for_Peac
e_NYWTS.jpg
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Artifact 13
There were many protest songs during the
1980s that reflected the increasing tension with
the Soviet Union. Ronald Reagan (US
President) and Margaret Thatcher (UK Prime
Minister) raised awareness throughout the
world against the Soviets building their arms.
Some musical artists wore military uniform-like
costumes to reflect the feelings of the people
that a country should maintain a strong military
capability and be prepared to use it.
"Sting's Russians Was Inspired by Illegal Satellite Viewings." Daily
Express Showbiz RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014
http://www.rferl.org/content/spies-spooks-and-rock-nroll-at-twilight-of-the-cold-war/25354132.html
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Artifact 14
Songs during the Cold War expressed a fear of
a possible World War III. The song “Russians”
sung by Sting, has a very well known lyric in
which the singer states “I don’t subscribe to his
point of view” in which Sting is telling people
that he doesn’t agree that Reagan will protect
Europe. He also doesn’t believe that the
Russian president will not bury the West. The
song speaks to both sides because it describes
the thoughts of ordinary citizens that both
superpowers are wrong.
"Sting's Russians Was Inspired by Illegal Satellite Viewings." Daily
Express Showbiz RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://www.express.co.uk/news/showbiz/187070/Sting-sRussians-was-inspired-by-illegal-satellite-viewings
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Artifact 15
In the 1980s punk rock bands attacked cold
war era politics. Some examples of these
bands would be “The Clash”, “Government
Issue”, and “Fear”. In an attempt to promote
international peace around the world, the
compilation band “P.E.A.C.E”, released an
album in 1984. The acronym stands for
“Peace, Energy, Action, Cooperation,
Evolution”.
"Various - International P.E.A.C.E. Benefit Compilation." Discogs. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P.E.A.C.E./War
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Artifact 16
Cold War tensions between the US and the
Soviets were also obvious during sports
competitions, especially in hockey. In 1972 at
the summer Olympics, the Soviets defeated the
US in a gold medal game. In 1980, the US
defeated the Soviets in the winter Olympics.
John Soares, "Very Correct Adversaries: The Cold War on Ice from
1947 to the Squaw Valley Olympics," International Journal of the
History of Sport 30 (July 2013), 1536–53.
http://www.frontpagemag.com/2014/lloyd-billingsley/nbcolympics-coverage-burying-cold-war-history/
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Artifact 17
In 1980, the summer Olympics were boycotted
by the United States. At the next Olympics in
1984, the Soviet Union boycotted the games.
The 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
spurred the United States President to protest
the war by boycotting the Olympics. This was
an effective symbolic protest because of the
visibility to the citizens of the Soviet Union. The
athletes became the victims of these boycotts.
The US was joined by some 65 countries in
boycotting the games.
Smothers, Ronald. "Bitterness Lingering Over Carter's Boycott." The
New York Times. The New York Times, 18 July 1996. Web. 21 Apr.
2014.
http://www.clipartbest.com/olympic-symbols-clip-art
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Artifact 18
“The Manchurian Candidate” by Richard
Condon portrayed a communist conspiracy
against the United States. In the book they
were accusing many people of being
communist agents as a way of diverting
attention from the actual communists. Basically,
the story features an alliance between power
hungry communists attacking the free world,
with profit driven capitalists undermining their
efforts for financial gain.
http://entertainment.time.com/2012/09/05/the-15-best-political-films-ofall-time-the-votes-are-in/slide/the-manchurian-candidate/
http://www.amazon.com/The-Manchurian-CandidateFrank-Sinatra/dp/0792838289
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Artifact 19
The US and the Soviet Union engaged in
competition in the arts. The Russians excelled
at ballet and the Americans excelled at jazz.
The US funded its ballet troops and both
countries used ballet for political propaganda.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the United States
department sent its finest Jazz musicians to
show off music that appealed to the youth. Also
to demonstrate racial harmony at home.
David Caute, The Dancer Defects: The Struggle for Cultural
Supremacy during the Cold War (Oxford University Press, 2003)
Lisa E. Davenport, Jazz diplomacy: Promoting America in the cold
war era (U. Press of Mississippi, 2010).
http://keepswinging.blogspot.com/2008/08/kenny-garrettbeyond-wall.html
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Artifact 20
Historians debate about the spread of
American style consumerism to Western
Europe and Japan was part of the cold war.
American consumer power and influence
shaped the vision of a rich society by
developing distinctly un-American values. PostWar wealth promoted the social consumer who
practiced public consumption. An example of
this was buying your own car rather then using
public transportation.
"Project MUSE - One Foot Out of the Plastic Cage: The UnAmericanization of West German Consumer Society." Project MUSE One Foot Out of the Plastic Cage: The Un-Americanization of West
German Consumer Society. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2014.
http://www.polyp.org.uk/cartoons/consumerism/polyp_car
toon_DVD.jpg
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