Transcript B. fMRI - Blue Valley Schools

Review for Modules 7&8
Psychology
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Regulates vital functions like heart rate, blood
pressure and breathing.
Medulla
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Schizophrenia is most closely linked with
excess receptor activity for the
neurotransmitter:
Dopamine
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The somatic nervous system is part of the
_____________ nervous system.
Peripheral NS
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Part of the nervous system responsible for the
fight or flight response.
Sympathetic NS
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Name the three structures that part of the
limbic system which are involved with
learning, memory, emotion, hunger, sex and
aggression.
Hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala
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The peripheral nervous system consists of:
A. association areas.
B. the spinal cord.
C. the reticular formation.
D. sensory and motor neurons.
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After suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira
has difficulty walking in a smooth and
coordinated manner. It is most probable that
she has suffered damage to her:
A. amygdala.
B. angular gyrus.
C. cerebellum.
D. corpus callosum.
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If you are scared a lot you might have an
overactive one of these. Linked to emotion.
Amygdala
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Part of the temporal lobe which helps to piece
together sound and sight. People with
damage to this area, may have problems
understanding speech.
Wernicke’s Area
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Known as the little brain. Responsible for
balance and coordination.
Cerebellum
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neurotransmitters associated with depression.
Serotonin and Norephinephrine
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Which region of the brain appears to have the
oldest evolutionary history?
A. frontal lobes
B. limbic system
C. brainstem
D. corpus callosum
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Due to an automobile accident, Jenny suffered
damage to her cerebral cortex in Broca's area.
Jenny is most likely to experience:
A. auditory hallucinations.
B. Aphasia (impairment of language – either
speaking or understanding).
C. memory loss.
D. paralysis of her left limbs.
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In which of the following parts of the brain
would a lesion most likely result in aphasia?
A. corpus callosum
B. amygdala
C. hypothalamus
D. Wernicke's area
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Following massive damage to his frontal
lobes, Phineas Gage was most strikingly
debilitated by:
A. Irritability – his emotions were out of
control.
B. memory loss.
C. auditory hallucinations.
D. a reward deficiency syndrome.
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When a person has decreased levels of
dopamine in their body – what disease is that
associated with? Name one famous person
who has this disease.
Parkinson’s Disease
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What disease is related to degeneration of the
neuron’s myelin sheath?
A. Parkinson’s disease
B. multiple sclerosis
C. Alzheimer’s disease
D. schizophrenia
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Jack accidentally touches a hot stove. Such a
strong stimulus:
A. increases the intensity of a neuron’s
action potential.
B. affects the speed that a neuron fires.
C. triggers more neurons to fire.
D. does not affect how often a neuron fires.
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Antidepressants such as Prozac target which
neurotransmitter?
A. serotonin
B. glutamate
C. GABA
D. acetylcholine
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Which technique is most useful for seeing
which regions of the brain are most active
while a person reads a poem?
A. EEG
B. fMRI
C. EKG
D. PET
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Only sense not relayed by the thalamus to
different parts of the brain.
Olfaction / smell
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A new superhero emerges on the scene. This superhero is
able to stay awake and vigilant for extended amounts of time.
He helps the intelligence community by being able to stay in
surveillance for extended amounts of time without losing
concentration and can always be paying attention to what is
happening. A study of this superhero’s brain might show that
the ____________ is more advanced and developed than a
non-superhero’s.
A. frontal lobe
B. amygdala
C. reticular formation
D. occipital lobe
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You are a neurologist in a large hospital. The wife of a
construction worker visits you and describes that her husband
has experienced a serious injury to his frontal lobe. She is
perplexed by his behavior. Which of the following would
you tell her is “normal behavior” for a person with frontal
lobe damage?
A. not much decline in memory or intelligence
B. poor judgment
C. irritability and other personality changes
D. ALL of these are commonly seen in frontal lobe damage
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As Allison reaches for a box in her garage, out jumps
a big spider. Her heart immediately begins to race as
she withdraws her hand, but soon she realizes that
the spider is harmless, and she begins to calm down.
Which part of her nervous system is responsible for
brining her back to a normal state of arousal?
A. sympathetic nervous system
B. somatic nervous system
C. parasympathetic nervous system
D. skeletal nervous system
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If Dr. Barnes wanted to cause a cat to take on
an attack posture, which of the cat’s brain
structures should he electrically stimulate?
A. amygdala
B. hypothalamus
C. hippocampus
D. cerebellum
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A split-brain patient’s right hemisphere is presented
with a key. How is he most likely to respond?
A. say the word “key”
B. select a key from a group of objects presented to
his left hand
C. select a key from a group of objects presented to
his right hand
D. he will not be able to say “key” or to pick out a
key from a group of objects with either hand
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Consists of the brain and spinal cord
CNS
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Space between the axon terminals of one
neuron and the dendrites of another.
Information must cross this junction in order
to be passed between neurons.
Synapse
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This part of the neuron receives incoming
signals from other neurons
Dendrites
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A brief electrical charge.
Action Potential
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Area where the motor cortex is located.
Frontal Lobe
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Lobe which contains the sensory cortex
Parietal Lobe
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This structure allows our left hemisphere to
communicate with our right hemisphere.
Corpus Callosum
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Auditory stimulation is first registered in this
part of the brain.
Temporal Lobe
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When reading something out loud, what part
of the cortex is initially active.
Occipital Lobe
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Chemicals like Ach that are stored in the sacs
in the axon terminals.
Neurotransmitters
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reabsorption of excess neurotransmitter
molecules by a sending neuron is called this
Reuptake
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Our natural body’s pain killers.
Endorphins
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Fatty substance that surrounds and protects
the axon.
Myelin Sheath
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What do the family of drugs called SSRIs do?
Blocks the reuptake of serotonin.
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If this part of the brain is damaged the person
can form the ideas but cannot turn those ideas
into coherent speech.
Broca’s area
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Outer layer of the brain. Body’s ultimate
control and information processing center.
Cerebral Cortex
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Located near the part of the motor cortex that
controls muscles in the face used for
speaking. Damage to this area will cause
difficulty in speaking clearly.
Broca’s Area