Transcript Coronal View

What is the cerebrum?
The
largestispart
of the
brain (comprises
approximately
2/3 of all
Dementia
a result
of dysfunction
of the brain,
especially in those
neuroglia
in cerebrum
body). known as the association areas.
parts of the
FACT: THE
CEREBRUM IS ALSO
KNOWN AS THE
TELENCEPHELON!!!
This combines
perception,
action Each
and thought
to enable
Divided
into two
differentpurposeful
hemispheres.
hemisphere
is a
person into
to adjust
survivelobes
in his or
her environment.
turned
fourand
different
(Frontal,
temporal, parietal,
occipital). Each lobe on each side has a unique function on that
A person who has Dementia is losing intellectual abilities he or she
side
of the brain. If one lobe is injured, the other usually does
once had.
not help (unless the individual is very VERY young).
My grandmother's mom had dementia. She did live to an old age, but
The
handles
conscious
intellect,
analysis
shecerebrum
had lost herself
a while
back. Shebehavior,
was over my
house once,
and of
sensory
and
took ourinput,
shoes to
thevoluntary
bathroom.movement.
She also took cell phones that were
on the kitchen table and put them into the laundry room closet. She
no longer
knew who
anyone
was, but her
daughter.
The
cerebrum's
billions
of neurons,
conduct
all cognitive
functions such as: thought,
http://static.themetapicture.com/media/funny
language,
and memory.
-brain-heart-fight.jpg
History of the Cerebrum
460-379 B.C. - Hippocrates states that the brain is
involved with sensation and is the seat of
intelligence
ca. 390 - Nemesius develops the doctrine of the
ventricular localization of all mental functions
1573 - Constanzo Varolio is first to cut brain
starting at its base
Benjamin Libet- experimented with initiation of
action and “free will”
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikip
edia/commons/4/45/The_Thinker,
_Auguste_Rodin.jpg
(http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/hist.html)
FACT:
MOST OF of
THE
Components
Cerebrum
Frontal
Lobe: Thought,
and BODY
voluntary muscle
actions
NEURONS
INspeech,
THE
ARE
Temporal lobe: Auditory information; language, and word
SCHWANN
CELL MYELINATED
meanings
WHITE
MATTER,
THEtaste,
Parietal
Lobe: Sensory
informationBUT
such as touch,
pressure, pain, temperature
REALLY
IMPORTANT
STUFF
IS
Occipital Lobe: Visual information
OLIGODENDROCYTE
White matter vs. Grey matter: White matter is composed of
prototypical myelinated neurons. Grey matter is composed of
MYELINATED
GREY MATTER!
the less common unmyelinated neuron that gets myelinated
by oligodendrocytes.
What is another name for the cerebrum?
Answer: Telencephelon
Sagittal View Primary Sensory Cortex
Cognition
Primary Motor Cortex
Information Processing
Pain and Touch Sensation
Spatial Orientation
Visual Perception, Color Recognition.
Speech
Motor Functions
Damage to the occipital lobe can cause
Higher
Order
Functions
Visual
Perception
Auditory Cortex and Olfactory
blindness
Planning,
Reasoning
Cortex,
Damage
to the parietal lobes can
Auditory
Perception
causeJudgement
spacial
recognition issues.
Memory
Impulse Control
Speech
Memory
Visual
Cortex
emotional
responses
Damage
to the frontal lobe can
visual cause
perception
memory loss, decreased
Damage
to the Temporal
lobe can cause
judgemental
skills, and
uncontrollable
speech
disorders, and
decreasedanger,
reasoning
skills.
memory loss
Corpus CollosumGyri
Coronal View
White matter;
Splits left
hemisphere
from right,
deals with
communication
between
hemispheres
White Matter
http://www.umich.edu/~lanp/c
Grey Matter
Medial Longitudinal Fissure
What is the difference between white matter
and grey matter?
Answer: White matter is myelinated by
Schwann cells, grey matter is myelinated
by oligodendocytes
Transverse View
Auditory Cortex
(right ear)
General
interpretive
center
(language and
mathematical
calculation)
Auditory Cortex
(Left ear)
Spatial
visualization and
analysis
Visual cortex
(right visual
field)
Visual cortex
(left visual
field)
Personal Experiences
My Great Uncle has alzheimer’s. And even though I don’t really know him that well, I
can still see how he has changed. The doctors say that he has lost a lot of brain mass
and he doesn’t really remember things anymore. He gets confused a lot and can’t
see that much. He can’t recognize sounds and has to have a nurse take care of him
daily. Its just really sad to see someone deteriorate so much in such a small amount
of time.
My
Aunt was born with hypoxia. Somehow the doctors didn’t notice
that even though she was breathing, she was also turning blue. They
realized this a little bit too late and part of her brain died. She still
doesn’t have a lot of cognitive function and is considered to be
intellectually impaired. This just goes to show how even though a small
part of her brain died, she was still enormously damaged.
Sources Cited
Bailey, Regina. “Anatomy of the Brain - Cerebrum.” About.com Biology.
About.com, Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Feb. 2012.
<http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/p/cerebrum.htm>.
- - -. “Frontal Lobes.” About.com Biology. About.com, Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Feb.
2012. <http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/p/Frontal-Lobes.htm>.
- - -. “Occipital Lobes.” About.com Biology. About.com, Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Feb.
2012. <http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/p/occipital-lobes.htm>.
- - -. “Parietal Lobes.” About.com Biology. About.com, Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Feb.
2012. <http://biology.about.com/library/organs/brain/blparietallobe.htm>.
- - -. “Temporal Lobes.” About.com Biology. About.com, Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Feb.
2012. <http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/p/temporal-lobes.htm>.
Martini, Frederic H., et al. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology. San Francisco:
Pearson Education, Benjamin Cummings, 2007. N. pag. Print.
Schwartz, Kendall J. “Parietal Lobes.” Center For Neuro Skills. Center for Neuro Skills,
2011. Web. 1 Feb. 2012. <http://www.neuroskills.com/brain-injury/parietallobes.php>.