Transcript Sensation & Control

Sensation & Control
Sensation & Response without Nerves
Cnidaria:
Cnidocyte
discharge
Sensation & response without nerves
• Ctenophore
apical
organ
Sensation & Control: generalized insect ns
Mechanoreceptors
• Insect haltere
335 strain
receptors, 11
muscles –
functions as a
gyroscope,
detecting slight
changes in pitch,
etc. transmitting to
the brain, eyes,
and some directly
to wing pitch
muscles
Crustacean Sensory Systems
• Lobster
Statocyst
• Copepod
median eye
Chemorecptors
• Molluscan
Osphradium
• A) marine
gastropod
• B) marine pelagic
gastropod
Mixed sensory structures
• Insect
Sensilla
Mixed Sensory Structures
• Cnidarian
Rhopalium
Photosensory
• Annelid
eyes
Photosensory
• Cephalopod
camera eye
Photosensory
• Compound Eye Ommatidia dark/light adapted
appositional & superpositional eyes
Photosensory
• Neural
Superpositional
eye
Nervous Systems
Nerve Net &
Nerve Ring in
Hydra oligactis
From: Koizumi 2007 Brain Behav Evol 69:151-159
Hydra Nerve Ring Function
Possible origin of a
Central Nervous
System?
From: Koizumi 2007 Brain Behav Evol 69:151-159
Central Nervous Systems
Squid Giant Axons
Crayfish escape reflex:
fixed action pattern
• Tail flip
Processed Response
Moth & Bat 1
• Sensory neurons
with different
thresholds
Processed Response
Moth & Bat 2
Moth &
Bat 3
• Comparisons of a1
signals from
different sides and
in relation to wing
position.
• Responses
adjusted.
Processed response:
problem solving
• Jumping Spider
• Detour experiments
Processed Response:
Learning – memory input
• Octopus
Cephalopod Responses
• Skin
coloration I
Cephalopod Responses
• Skin
coloration 2
• CNS control
Cephalopod Response
Skin coloration
organized,
along with skin
texture and
body posture,
to create
repeatable
patterns
Bobtail Squid (Euprymna scolopes) Light Organ
• Light is
provided by
a luminous
bacterial
symbiont
Vibrio
fischeri
From: Nyholm and
McFall-Ngai
2004 Nature
reviews vol.2
August 2004
Bobtail Squid Light Organ II
• Young squid must
pickup symbiont
from the
environment.
• The symbiont
induces
morphological
changes in host
creating functional
light organ
From Nyholm & McFall-Nagai
2004 Nature vol.2 August
Bobtail squid light organ III
From Nyholm & McFall-Ngai 2004 Nature vol 2 August
Cephalopod
communication
• Body Patterns