Transcript Bio 12 - Test Review..

Ch. 9 Test Review
Nervous System
Central Nervous System Peripheral
Nervous System
Question 1
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The Nervous System is responsible for
keeping a stable internal environment, this
is known as…
Question 2
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The Nervous System is divided into two
main divisions, they are:
Question 3
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The Central Nervous System consists of?
Question 4
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The Peripheral Nervous System is divided
into?
Question 5
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The Autonomic NS is divided into these two
systems; They act together in an “on-off”
fashion.
Question 6
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This is an example of an electrically
excitable cell that processes and transmits
information by electrical and chemical
signaling.
Question 7
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_____ Cells are nonconducting cells which
are important for structural support (Like
glue).
Question 8
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A sensory neuron that sends information
towards the body, is known as
Question 9
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A motor neuron acts in an opposite fashion
and sends information away from the body,
this is known as.
Question 10
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These neurons are found in the spinal cord
and act as a “middle” stage that link
neurons for the ‘reflex arc’.
Question 11
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Sensory neurons, interneurons and motor
neurons make up this response
Question 12
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The _____ neuron acts upon muscles,
glands and organs, it is known as ?
Question 13
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______ receive information or
impulses/stimuli (tree-like structure)
Question 14
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_______ is an extension of cytoplasm
that projects nerve impulses from the cell
body (usually long and thin)
Question 15
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The myelin sheath is made up of a fatty
substance that is created by
Question 16
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The ____ _____ insulates the axon and
prevents loss of charged ions from the
nerve cell.
Question 17
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Between each myelin sheath is a gap that
speeds up action potentials this is called
Question 18
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______ _______ occurs as the action
potential moves down the axon and it is
said to “jump” from node to node…
Question 19
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In Multiple Sclerosis and ALD patients,
this happens resulting in decreased
conduction of an action potential.
Question 20
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The two major ions involved in the action
potential are
Question 21
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A membrane is said to be _________ due
to the unequal distribution of positively
charged ions inside and outside the nerve
cell
Question 22
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The outside of the axon is said to have a
________ charge, while on the inside of the
axon we have a ______ charge
Question 23
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The voltage change across the membrane
in known as an ______ _______
Question 24
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The influx (flowing in) of Sodium ions
causes the membrane to become _______
Question 25
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During the ______ period, a neuron will not
generate another action potential
Question 26
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The _______ / _______ pump works to
return the neuron back to resting
membrane potential
Question 27
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At the synapse, The two major chemical
components are…
Question 28
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The function of Cholinesterase in the
Synaptic cleft is to…
Question 29
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This process helps a stimulus reach
threshold to generate an action potential
Question 30
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Thin protective membranes that provide
protection for the brain and spinal cord are
called ?
Question 31
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The increased size of this has “separated”
humans from all other species (allowing
them to become more sophisticated).
Question 32
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This structure in the brain is located below
the cerebrum and is responsible for
sensory impulses
Question 33
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This structure in the brain is attached to the
pituitary gland, is important in autonomic
functions and helps regulate body
temperature
Question 34
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The Pons is located in the
Question 35
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This portion of the brain is responsible for
swallowing and monitoring heart rate
Question 36
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The cerebrum is composed of ______
matter
Question 37
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This disease results from degeneration of
neurons in the midbrain, and impairs motor
skills, speech and other functions (Michael
J. Fox, Mohammed Ali)
Question 38
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This system prepares you for stressful
events, What is it. “Fight or Flight”
Question 39
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This system returns your body to normal
functions, What is it? “Rest and digest”
Question 40
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Name the 4 lobes of the cerebrum and
state a function for each…
Question 41
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Briefly Explain why an action potential can
only travel forward down a neuron and not
backwards.
Question 42
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State the steps that happen in an action
potential starting with…
1) A stimulus reaches threshold and an AP
is generate…
Question 43
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Review synapse hand out and explain the
process of the synapse starting with…
1) An impulse reaches the synapse from
the axon…
Question 44
Number 1-7 and label
correctly…
Question 45
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Label
Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Homeostais
CNS & PNS
Brain and Spinal Cord
Somatic NS and Autonomic NS
Sympathetic NS and Parasympathetic NS
Neuron or Nerve Cell
Glial Cells
Afferent
9) Efferent
10) Interneurons
11) Reflex arc
12) Effector (neuron)
13) Dendrites
14) Axon
15) Schwann Cells
16) Myelin Sheath
17) Node of Ranvier
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18) Saltatory conduction
19) Myelin breaks down
20) Sodium and Potassium
21) Polarized
22) Positive, Negative
23) Action Potential
24) Depolarized
25) Refractory Period
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26) Sodium/Potassium Pump
27) Acetylcholine/Cholinesterase
28) Remove/Breakdown Acetylcholine
29) Summation
30) Meninges
31) Forebrain/Cerebrum
32) Thalamus
33) Hypothalamus
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34) hindbrain
35) Medulla Oblongata
36) White
37) Parkinson’s Disease
38) Sympathetic NS
39) Parasympathetic NS
40)
41)
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Acetylcholine is released in the synaptic terminal
of a neuron.
An action potential travel down the axon toward
the terminal where it causes neurotransmitter to
be released which bind to receptors on the
following dendrite (post synaptic membrane) and
a new action potential to be created.
Cannot reverse this because dendrites do not
release acetylcholine.
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Acetylcholine is released in the synaptic terminal
of a neuron.
An action potential travel down the axon toward
the terminal where it causes neurotransmitter to
be released which bind to receptors on the
following dendrite (post synaptic membrane) and
a new action potential to be created.
Cannot reverse this because dendrites do not
release acetylcholine.
42)
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AP generated
Sodium channels open
Sodium rushes in (depolarization)
Potassium Channels open
Potassium rushes out
Sodium/Potassium pump works to repolarize
membrane
AP continues along the axon
43)
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Answer on Synapse sheet that was given
out in class…