Transcript Unit 2: Nervous System

Friday
2-26-2010
Unit 2 Notes:
Reflexes & Brain Lobes
(1) Reflex Arc
• Reflex = Involuntary Movements to Stimuli
– Always happens same way
– Always triggered same way
– “Arc” = Predictable path message is sent
• Types of Reflexes:
– Autonomic
– Somatic
(2) Reflex Arc Pathway
1. Receptor notices stimulus
2. Organ is stimulated
3. Sensory Neuron
4. Motor Neuron
5. Reflex
(3) Autonomic Reflexes
• Involuntary Movement of:
– Smooth Muscle (digestive)
– Cardiac Muscle
– Glands
• Examples:
– Spit
– Sweat
– Increased Blood Pressure
(4) Somatic Reflexes
• Involuntary Movement of Skeletal Muscle
• Examples:
– Touching a Hot Stove
– Knee-Jerk Reflex
– Touching a Sharp Object
(5) Brain Hemispheres
• Hemispheres = Different Sides of the Brain
– YOUR Right = Right Hemisphere
• Controls Left side of body
– YOUR Left = Left Hemisphere
• Controls Right side of body
(6) Brain Lobes
• Lobes = Different Regions of Brain
• Each Region has a unique set of functions
• Functions based on which neurons are
connected where
• Perpendicular to hemisphere line = Sensory
& Motor Division
(7) Frontal Lobe
• Speech Production (Broca’s Area)
• Concentration
• Problem Solving
• Planning
• Voluntary Muscle Control
(8) Parietal Lobe
• Interpretation of speech, sounds,
surroundings
• Helps formulate words
• Skin sensations
(9) Temporal Lobe
• Interpret sensations
• Visual & Auditory Memory
• Hearing function
• Ability to learn + connect concepts
• Includes:
– Thalamus
– Hypothalamus
– Pituitary Gland
– Limbic System
(10) Stuff In Your Temporal
(Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Limbic)
•
•
•
•
Control Body Temperature
Maintain fluid + ion levels
Induce sleep
Regulate hormone secretion
• Limbic = emotions
(11) Occipital Lobe
• Vision
• Combines images to make complete picture
(12) Cerebellum
• Coordinates muscle movement
• Maintains normal muscle tone
• DOES NOT MAKE
MUSCLES MOVE!
– Makes them move smoothly!
(13) Brain Stem
• Passes info between spinal cord + brain
• Includes:
– Midbrain
– Pons
– Medulla Oblongata
(14) Stuff in Brain Stem
• Fight or Flight responses (based of past)
• Helps with vision + auditory senses
• Maintains Homeostasis:
– Heartbeat
– Breathing rate
– Blood pressure
– Respiratory + Digestive reflexes