Transcript Central Nervous System and Epidermis

Central Nervous System
and Epidermis
Neurulation
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What are the major
derivatives of the
ectoderm?
Neurulation
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What is the difference between primary and
secondary neurulation?
Primary Neurulation
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What are the major events of primary neurulation?
Primary Neurulation
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What is involved in the shaping of the neural
plate?
Primary Neurulation
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What is responsible for the bending of the neural
plate?
Primary Neurulation
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How does neural tube closure compare in birds and
mammals?
Primary Neurulation
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What causes spina bifida and anencephaly in human
development?
Primary Neurulation
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What allows the neural tube to separate from the
overlying ectoderm?
Secondary Neurulation
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Where can secondary neurulation be seen?
Neural Tube Differentiation
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Differentiation occurs on three levels
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gross anatomical
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tissue changes
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bulges and constrictions
parts of brain and spinal cord
rearrangements of different cell populations
forms functional regions
cellular changes
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neurons
glial cells
Anatomical Differentiation
Tissue Differentiation
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What appears to be responsible for ventral patterning
of neural tube?
How can this been demonstrated experimentally?
Tissue Differentiation
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What appears to be responsible for dorsal patterning
of neural tube?
Tissues of the CNS
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What are the three major layers formed in the spinal
cord and medulla?
Tissues of the CNS
Tissues of the CNS
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How is the cerebellum organized?
Tissues of the CNS
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How is the cerebrum organized?
Tissues of the CNS

How do we know that neural stem cells exist in the
adult brain?
Vertebrate Eye
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What inductive event initiates eye formation?
Vertebrate Eye

Into what type of structure does the neural retina
differentiate?
Vertebrate Eye

How does cornea and lens differentiate?
Epidermis
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Epidermis develops
from outer ectodermal
cells
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first 2 layers form
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periderm
basal layer
then 5 layers form
Epidermis
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What growth factors are involved in epidermal
development?
Cutaneous Appendages
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How do cutaneous appendages such as hair, scales,
feathers and glands form?
Cutaneous Appendages
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What is known about the genetic control of hair
formation?
Cutaneous Appendages